| Number | Name | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Describe emerging geographical analysis techniques in geocomputation derived from artificial intelligence e.g., expert systems, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, and software agents | View |
| 1 | Describe emerging geographical analysis techniques in geocomputation derived from artificial intelligence e.g., expert systems, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, and software agents | View |
| 2 | Describe difficulties in dealing with large spatial databases, especially those arising from spatial heterogeneity | View |
| 2 | Describe difficulties in dealing with large spatial databases, especially those arising from spatial heterogeneity | View |
| 3 | Explain what is meant by the term contaminated data, suggesting how it can arise | View |
| 3 | Explain what is meant by the term contaminated data, suggesting how it can arise | View |
| 4 | Explain how to recognize contaminated data in large datasets | View |
| 4 | Explain how to recognize contaminated data in large datasets | View |
| 5 | Outline the implications of complexity for the application of statistical ideas in geography | View |
| 5 | Outline the implications of complexity for the application of statistical ideas in geography | View |
| 6 | Describe how data mining can be used for geospatial intelligence | View |
| 6 | Describe how data mining can be used for geospatial intelligence | View |
| 7 | Differentiate between data mining approaches used for spatial and non-spatial applications | View |
| 7 | Differentiate between data mining approaches used for spatial and non-spatial applications | View |
| 8 | Compare and contrast the primary types of data mining: summarization/characterization, clustering/categorization, feature extraction, and rule/relationships extraction | View |
| 8 | Compare and contrast the primary types of data mining: summarization/characterization, clustering/categorization, feature extraction, and rule/relationships extraction | View |
| 9 | Explain how spatial statistics techniques are used in spatial data mining | View |
| 9 | Explain how spatial statistics techniques are used in spatial data mining | View |
| 10 | Explain how the analytical reasoning techniques, visual representations, and interaction techniques that make up the domain of visual analytics have a strong spatial component | View |
| 10 | Explain how the analytical reasoning techniques, visual representations, and interaction techniques that make up the domain of visual analytics have a strong spatial component | View |
| 11 | Demonstrate how cluster analysis can be used as a data mining tool | View |
| 11 | Demonstrate how cluster analysis can be used as a data mining tool | View |
| 12 | Interpret patterns in space and time using Dorling and Openshaws Geographical Analysis Machine GAM demonstration of disease incidence diffusion | View |
| 12 | Interpret patterns in space and time using Dorling and Openshaws Geographical Analysis Machine GAM demonstration of disease incidence diffusion | View |
| 13 | Explain how spatial data mining techniques can be used for knowledge discovery | View |
| 13 | Explain how spatial data mining techniques can be used for knowledge discovery | View |
| 14 | Explain how visual data exploration can be combined with data mining techniques as a means of discovering research hypotheses in large spatial datasets | View |
| 14 | Explain how visual data exploration can be combined with data mining techniques as a means of discovering research hypotheses in large spatial datasets | View |
| 15 | Explain how a Bayesian framework can incorporate expert knowledge in order to retrieve all relevant datasets given an initial user query | View |
| 15 | Explain how a Bayesian framework can incorporate expert knowledge in order to retrieve all relevant datasets given an initial user query | View |
| 16 | Differentiate among machine learning, data mining and pattern recognition | View |
| 17 | Explain the outcome of an artificial intelligence analysis e.g., edge recognition, including a discussion of what the human did not see that the computer identified and vice versa | View |
| 18 | Explain the principles of pattern recognition | View |
| 19 | Apply a simple spatial mean filter to an image as a means of recognizing patterns | View |
| 20 | Construct an edge-recognition filter | View |
| 21 | Design a simple spatial mean filter | View |
| 22 | Define the following terms pertaining to a network: Loops, multiple edges, the degree of a vertex, walk, trail, path, cycle, fundamental cycle | View |
| 22 | Define the following terms pertaining to a network: Loops, multiple edges, the degree of a vertex, walk, trail, path, cycle, fundamental cycle | View |
| 23 | Define different interpretations of cost in various routing applications | View |
| 23 | Define different interpretations of cost in various routing applications | View |
| 24 | Describe networks that apply to specific applications or industries | View |
| 24 | Describe networks that apply to specific applications or industries | View |
| 25 | Create a data set with network attributes and topology | View |
| 25 | Create a data set with network attributes and topology | View |
| 26 | Demonstrate how networks can be measured using the number of elements in a network, the distances along network edges, and the level of connectivity of the network | View |
| 26 | Demonstrate how networks can be measured using the number of elements in a network, the distances along network edges, and the level of connectivity of the network | View |
| 27 | Explain the concept of the diameter of a network | View |
| 27 | Explain the concept of the diameter of a network | View |
| 28 | Compute the estimated number of fundamental cycles in a graph | View |
| 28 | Compute the estimated number of fundamental cycles in a graph | View |
| 29 | Compute the alpha, beta, and gamma indices of network connectivity | View |
| 29 | Compute the alpha, beta, and gamma indices of network connectivity | View |
| 30 | Compute the Detour Index and the measure of network density for a given network | View |
| 30 | Compute the Detour Index and the measure of network density for a given network | View |
| 31 | Describe some variants of Dijkstras algorithm that are even more efficient | View |
| 31 | Describe some variants of Dijkstras algorithm that are even more efficient | View |
| 32 | Explain how a leading World Wide Web-based routing system works e.g., MapQuest, Yahoo Maps, Google | View |
| 32 | Explain how a leading World Wide Web-based routing system works e.g., MapQuest, Yahoo Maps, Google | View |
| 33 | Discuss the difference of implementing Dijkstras algorithm in raster and vector modes | View |
| 33 | Discuss the difference of implementing Dijkstras algorithm in raster and vector modes | View |
| 34 | Demonstrate how K-shortest path algorithms can be implemented to find many efficient alternate paths across the network | View |
| 34 | Demonstrate how K-shortest path algorithms can be implemented to find many efficient alternate paths across the network | View |
| 35 | Compute the optimum path between two points through a network with Dijkstras algorithm | View |
| 35 | Compute the optimum path between two points through a network with Dijkstras algorithm | View |
| 36 | Describe practical situations in which flow is conserved while splitting or joining at nodes of the network | View |
| 36 | Describe practical situations in which flow is conserved while splitting or joining at nodes of the network | View |
| 37 | xplain how the concept of capacity represents an upper limit on the amount of flow through the network | View |
| 37 | xplain how the concept of capacity represents an upper limit on the amount of flow through the network | View |
| 38 | Demonstrate how capacity is assigned to edges in a network using the appropriate data structure | View |
| 38 | Demonstrate how capacity is assigned to edges in a network using the appropriate data structure | View |
| 39 | Apply a maximum flow algorithm to calculate the largest flow from a source to a sink, using the edges of the network, subject to capacity constraints on the arcs and the conservation of flow | View |
| 39 | Apply a maximum flow algorithm to calculate the largest flow from a source to a sink, using the edges of the network, subject to capacity constraints on the arcs and the conservation of flow | View |
| 40 | Explain why, if supply equals demand, there will always be a feasible solution to the Classic Transportation Problem | View |
| 40 | Explain why, if supply equals demand, there will always be a feasible solution to the Classic Transportation Problem | View |
| 41 | Exemplify the Classic Transportation Problem | View |
| 41 | Exemplify the Classic Transportation Problem | View |
| 42 | Demonstrate how the Classic Transportation Problem can be structured as a linear program | View |
| 42 | Demonstrate how the Classic Transportation Problem can be structured as a linear program | View |
| 43 | Implement the Transportation Simplex method to determine the optimal solution | View |
| 43 | Implement the Transportation Simplex method to determine the optimal solution | View |
| 44 | List several classic problems to which network analysis is applied e.g., The Traveling Salesman Problem, The Chinese Postman Problem | View |
| 44 | List several classic problems to which network analysis is applied e.g., The Traveling Salesman Problem, The Chinese Postman Problem | View |
| 45 | Explain why heuristic solutions are generally used to address the combinatorially complex nature of these problems and the difficulty of solving them optimally | View |
| 45 | Explain why heuristic solutions are generally used to address the combinatorially complex nature of these problems and the difficulty of solving them optimally | View |
| 46 | List ways we can define accessibility on a network | View |
| 46 | List ways we can define accessibility on a network | View |
| 47 | Describe methods for measuring different kinds of accessibility on a network | View |
| 47 | Describe methods for measuring different kinds of accessibility on a network | View |
| 48 | Contrast accessibility modeling at the individual level versus at an aggregated level | View |
| 48 | Contrast accessibility modeling at the individual level versus at an aggregated level | View |
| 49 | Compare current accessibility models with early models of market potential | View |
| 49 | Compare current accessibility models with early models of market potential | View |
| 50 | Explain how optimization models can be used to generate models of alternate options for presentation to decision makers | View |
| 50 | Explain how optimization models can be used to generate models of alternate options for presentation to decision makers | View |
| 51 | Explain the concept of solution space | View |
| 51 | Explain the concept of solution space | View |
| 52 | Explain the principles of operations research modeling and location modeling | View |
| 52 | Explain the principles of operations research modeling and location modeling | View |
| 53 | Explain, using the concept of combinatorial complexity, why some location problems are very hard to solve | View |
| 53 | Explain, using the concept of combinatorial complexity, why some location problems are very hard to solve | View |
| 54 | Compare and contrast the concepts of discrete location problems and continuous location problems | View |
| 54 | Compare and contrast the concepts of discrete location problems and continuous location problems | View |
| 55 | Describe the structure of linear programs | View |
| 55 | Describe the structure of linear programs | View |
| 56 | Explain the role of objective functions in linear programming | View |
| 56 | Explain the role of objective functions in linear programming | View |
| 57 | Explain the role of constraint functions using the graphical method | View |
| 57 | Explain the role of constraint functions using the graphical method | View |
| 58 | Explain the role of constraint functions using the simplex method | View |
| 58 | Explain the role of constraint functions using the simplex method | View |
| 59 | Implement linear programs for spatial allocation problems | View |
| 59 | Implement linear programs for spatial allocation problems | View |
| 60 | Differentiate between a linear program and an integer program | View |
| 60 | Differentiate between a linear program and an integer program | View |
| 61 | Explain why integer programs are harder to solve than linear programs | View |
| 61 | Explain why integer programs are harder to solve than linear programs | View |
| 62 | Describe the structure of origin-destination matrices | View |
| 62 | Describe the structure of origin-destination matrices | View |
| 63 | Explain the concepts of demand and service | View |
| 63 | Explain the concepts of demand and service | View |
| 64 | Explain Webers locational triangle | View |
| 64 | Explain Webers locational triangle | View |
| 65 | Assess the outcome of location-allocation models using other spatial analysis techniques | View |
| 65 | Assess the outcome of location-allocation models using other spatial analysis techniques | View |
| 66 | Compare and contrast covering, dispersion, and p-median models | View |
| 66 | Compare and contrast covering, dispersion, and p-median models | View |
| 67 | Locate, using location-allocation software, service facilities that meet given sets of constraints | View |
| 67 | Locate, using location-allocation software, service facilities that meet given sets of constraints | View |
| 68 | Compare and contrast the impacts of different conversion approaches, including the effect on spatial components | View |
| 68 | Compare and contrast the impacts of different conversion approaches, including the effect on spatial components | View |
| 69 | Prioritize a set of algorithms designed to perform transformations based on the need to maintain data integrity [e.g., converting a digital elevation model (DEM) into a TIN] | View |
| 69 | Prioritize a set of algorithms designed to perform transformations based on the need to maintain data integrity [e.g., converting a digital elevation model (DEM) into a TIN] | View |
| 70 | Create a flowchart showing the sequence of transformations on a data set (e.g., geometric and radiometric correction and mosaicking of remotely sensed data) | View |
| 70 | Create a flowchart showing the sequence of transformations on a data set (e.g., geometric and radiometric correction and mosaicking of remotely sensed data) | View |
| 71 | Identify the conceptual and practical difficulties associated with data model and format conversion | View |
| 71 | Identify the conceptual and practical difficulties associated with data model and format conversion | View |
| 72 | Describe a workflow for converting a implementing a data model in a GIS involving an Entity-Relationship (E-R) diagram and the Universal Modeling Language (UML) | View |
| 72 | Describe a workflow for converting a implementing a data model in a GIS involving an Entity-Relationship (E-R) diagram and the Universal Modeling Language (UML) | View |
| 73 | Discuss the role of metadata in facilitating conversation of data models and data structures between systems | View |
| 73 | Discuss the role of metadata in facilitating conversation of data models and data structures between systems | View |
| 75 | Differentiate among common interpolation techniques (e.g., nearest neighbor, bilinear, bicubic) | View |
| 75 | Differentiate among common interpolation techniques (e.g., nearest neighbor, bilinear, bicubic) | View |
| 76 | Explain how the elevation values in a digital elevation model (DEM) are derived by interpolation from irregular arrays of spot elevations | View |
| 76 | Explain how the elevation values in a digital elevation model (DEM) are derived by interpolation from irregular arrays of spot elevations | View |
| 77 | Discuss the pitfalls of using secondary data that has been generated using interpolations (e.g., Level 1 USGS DEMs) | View |
| 77 | Discuss the pitfalls of using secondary data that has been generated using interpolations (e.g., Level 1 USGS DEMs) | View |
| 78 | Estimate a value between two known values using linear interpolation (e.g., spot elevations, population between census years) | View |
| 78 | Estimate a value between two known values using linear interpolation (e.g., spot elevations, population between census years) | View |
| 79 | Explain how the vector/raster/vector conversion process of graphic images and algorithms takes place and how the results are achieved | View |
| 79 | Explain how the vector/raster/vector conversion process of graphic images and algorithms takes place and how the results are achieved | View |
| 80 | Convert vector data to raster format and back using GIS software | View |
| 80 | Convert vector data to raster format and back using GIS software | View |
| 81 | Illustrate the impact of vector/raster/vector conversions on the quality of a dataset | View |
| 81 | Illustrate the impact of vector/raster/vector conversions on the quality of a dataset | View |
| 82 | Create estimated tessellated data sets from point samples or isolines using interpolation operations that are appropriate to the specific situation | View |
| 82 | Create estimated tessellated data sets from point samples or isolines using interpolation operations that are appropriate to the specific situation | View |
| 83 | Discuss the consequences of increasing and decreasing resolution | View |
| 83 | Discuss the consequences of increasing and decreasing resolution | View |
| 84 | Evaluate methods used by contemporary GIS software to resample raster data on-the-fly during display | View |
| 84 | Evaluate methods used by contemporary GIS software to resample raster data on-the-fly during display | View |
| 85 | Select appropriate interpolation techniques to resample particular types of values in raster data (e.g., nominal using nearest neighbor) | View |
| 85 | Select appropriate interpolation techniques to resample particular types of values in raster data (e.g., nominal using nearest neighbor) | View |
| 86 | Resample multiple raster data sets to a single resolution to enable overlay | View |
| 86 | Resample multiple raster data sets to a single resolution to enable overlay | View |
| 87 | Resample raster data sets (e.g., terrain, satellite imagery) to a resolution appropriate for a map of a particular scale | View |
| 87 | Resample raster data sets (e.g., terrain, satellite imagery) to a resolution appropriate for a map of a particular scale | View |
| 88 | Cite appropriate applications of several coordinate transformation techniques (e.g., affine, similarity, Molodenski, Helmert) | View |
| 88 | Cite appropriate applications of several coordinate transformation techniques (e.g., affine, similarity, Molodenski, Helmert) | View |
| 89 | Differentiate between polynomial coordinate transformations (including linear) and rubbersheeting | View |
| 89 | Differentiate between polynomial coordinate transformations (including linear) and rubbersheeting | View |
| 90 | Describe the impact of map projection transformation on raster and vector data | View |
| 90 | Describe the impact of map projection transformation on raster and vector data | View |
| 91 | Compare and contrast spatial statistical analysis, spatial data analysis, and spatial modeling | View |
| 91 | Compare and contrast spatial statistical analysis, spatial data analysis, and spatial modeling | View |
| 92 | Compare and contrast spatial statistics and map algebra as two very different kinds of data analysis | View |
| 92 | Compare and contrast spatial statistics and map algebra as two very different kinds of data analysis | View |
| 93 | Compare and contrast the methods of analyzing aggregate data as opposed to methods of analyzing a set of individual observations | View |
| 93 | Compare and contrast the methods of analyzing aggregate data as opposed to methods of analyzing a set of individual observations | View |
| 94 | Define the terms spatial analysis, spatial modeling, geostatistics, spatial econometrics, spatial statistics, qualitative analysis, map algebra, and network analysis | View |
| 94 | Define the terms spatial analysis, spatial modeling, geostatistics, spatial econometrics, spatial statistics, qualitative analysis, map algebra, and network analysis | View |
| 95 | Differentiate between geostatistics, and spatial statistics | View |
| 95 | Differentiate between geostatistics, and spatial statistics | View |
| 96 | Discuss situations when it is desirable to adopt a spatial approach to the analysis of data | View |
| 96 | Discuss situations when it is desirable to adopt a spatial approach to the analysis of data | View |
| 97 | Explain what is added to spatial analysis to make it spatio-temporal analysis | View |
| 97 | Explain what is added to spatial analysis to make it spatio-temporal analysis | View |
| 98 | Explain what is special i.e., difficult about geospatial data analysis and why some traditional statistical analysis techniques are not suited to geographic problems | View |
| 98 | Explain what is special i.e., difficult about geospatial data analysis and why some traditional statistical analysis techniques are not suited to geographic problems | View |
| 99 | Outline the sequence of tasks required to complete the analytical process for a given spatial problem | View |
| 99 | Outline the sequence of tasks required to complete the analytical process for a given spatial problem | View |
| 100 | Describe set theory | View |
| 100 | Describe set theory | View |
| 101 | Explain how set theory relates to spatial queries | View |
| 101 | Explain how set theory relates to spatial queries | View |
| 102 | Explain how logic theory relates to set theory | View |
| 102 | Explain how logic theory relates to set theory | View |
| 103 | Perform a logic set theoretic query using GIS software | View |
| 103 | Perform a logic set theoretic query using GIS software | View |
| 104 | Define basic terms of query processing e.g., SQL, primary and foreign keys, table join | View |
| 104 | Define basic terms of query processing e.g., SQL, primary and foreign keys, table join | View |
| 105 | Explain the basic logic of SQL syntax | View |
| 105 | Explain the basic logic of SQL syntax | View |
| 106 | Demonstrate the basic syntactic structure of SQL | View |
| 106 | Demonstrate the basic syntactic structure of SQL | View |
| 107 | Create an SQL query to retrieve elements from a GIS | View |
| 107 | Create an SQL query to retrieve elements from a GIS | View |
| 108 | Demonstrate the syntactic structure of spatial and temporal operators in SQL | View |
| 108 | Demonstrate the syntactic structure of spatial and temporal operators in SQL | View |
| 109 | Compare and contrast attribute query and spatial query | View |
| 109 | Compare and contrast attribute query and spatial query | View |
| 110 | State questions that can be solved by selecting features based on location or spatial relationships | View |
| 110 | State questions that can be solved by selecting features based on location or spatial relationships | View |
| 111 | Construct a query statement to search for a specific spatial or temporal relationship | View |
| 111 | Construct a query statement to search for a specific spatial or temporal relationship | View |
| 112 | Construct a spatial query to extract all point objects that fall within a polygon | View |
| 112 | Construct a spatial query to extract all point objects that fall within a polygon | View |
| 113 | Describe several different measures of distance between two points e.g., Euclidean, Manhattan, network distance, spherical | View |
| 113 | Describe several different measures of distance between two points e.g., Euclidean, Manhattan, network distance, spherical | View |
| 114 | Explain how different measures of distance can be used to calculate the spatial weights matrix | View |
| 114 | Explain how different measures of distance can be used to calculate the spatial weights matrix | View |
| 115 | Explain why estimating the fractal dimension of a sinuous line has important implications for the measurement of its length | View |
| 115 | Explain why estimating the fractal dimension of a sinuous line has important implications for the measurement of its length | View |
| 116 | Explain how fractal dimension can be used in practical applications of GIS | View |
| 116 | Explain how fractal dimension can be used in practical applications of GIS | View |
| 117 | Explain the differences in the calculated distance between the same two places when data used are in different projections | View |
| 117 | Explain the differences in the calculated distance between the same two places when data used are in different projections | View |
| 118 | Outline the implications of differences in distance calculations on real world applications of GIS, such as routing and determining boundary lengths and service areas | View |
| 118 | Outline the implications of differences in distance calculations on real world applications of GIS, such as routing and determining boundary lengths and service areas | View |
| 119 | Estimate the fractal dimension of a sinuous line | View |
| 119 | Estimate the fractal dimension of a sinuous line | View |
| 120 | Define direction and its measurement in different angular measures | View |
| 120 | Define direction and its measurement in different angular measures | View |
| 121 | Compare and contrast how direction is determined and stated in raster and vector data | View |
| 121 | Compare and contrast how direction is determined and stated in raster and vector data | View |
| 122 | Describe operations that can be performed on qualitative representations of direction | View |
| 122 | Describe operations that can be performed on qualitative representations of direction | View |
| 123 | Explain any differences in the measured direction between two places when the data are presented in a GIS in different projections | View |
| 123 | Explain any differences in the measured direction between two places when the data are presented in a GIS in different projections | View |
| 124 | Compute the mean of directional data | View |
| 124 | Compute the mean of directional data | View |
| 125 | Identify situations in which shape affects geometric operations | View |
| 125 | Identify situations in which shape affects geometric operations | View |
| 126 | Explain what is meant by the convex hull and minimum enclosing rectangle of a set of point data | View |
| 126 | Explain what is meant by the convex hull and minimum enclosing rectangle of a set of point data | View |
| 127 | Explain why the shape of an object might be important in analysis | View |
| 127 | Explain why the shape of an object might be important in analysis | View |
| 128 | Exemplify situations in which the centroid of a polygon falls outside its boundary | View |
| 128 | Exemplify situations in which the centroid of a polygon falls outside its boundary | View |
| 129 | Compare and contrast different shape indices, include examples of applications to which each could be applied | View |
| 129 | Compare and contrast different shape indices, include examples of applications to which each could be applied | View |
| 130 | Develop a method for describing the shape of a cluster of similarly valued points by using the concept of the convex hull | View |
| 130 | Develop a method for describing the shape of a cluster of similarly valued points by using the concept of the convex hull | View |
| 131 | Develop an algorithm to determine the skeleton of polygons | View |
| 131 | Develop an algorithm to determine the skeleton of polygons | View |
| 132 | Find centroids of polygons under different definitions of a centroid and different polygon shapes | View |
| 132 | Find centroids of polygons under different definitions of a centroid and different polygon shapes | View |
| 133 | Calculate several different shape indices for a polygon dataset | View |
| 133 | Calculate several different shape indices for a polygon dataset | View |
| 134 | List reasons why the area of a polygon calculated in a GIS might not be the same as the real world object it describes | View |
| 134 | List reasons why the area of a polygon calculated in a GIS might not be the same as the real world object it describes | View |
| 135 | Explain how variations in the calculation of area may have real world implications, such as calculating density | View |
| 135 | Explain how variations in the calculation of area may have real world implications, such as calculating density | View |
| 136 | Demonstrate how the area of a region calculated from a raster data set will vary by resolution and orientation | View |
| 136 | Demonstrate how the area of a region calculated from a raster data set will vary by resolution and orientation | View |
| 137 | Outline an algorithm to find the area of a polygon using the coordinates of its vertices | View |
| 137 | Outline an algorithm to find the area of a polygon using the coordinates of its vertices | View |
| 138 | Describe real world applications where distance decay is an appropriate representation of the strength of spatial relationships (e.g., shopping behavior, property values) | View |
| 138 | Describe real world applications where distance decay is an appropriate representation of the strength of spatial relationships (e.g., shopping behavior, property values) | View |
| 139 | Describe real world applications where distance decay would not be an appropriate representation of the strength of spatial relationships (e.g., distance education, commuting, telecommunications) | View |
| 139 | Describe real world applications where distance decay would not be an appropriate representation of the strength of spatial relationships (e.g., distance education, commuting, telecommunications) | View |
| 140 | Explain the rationale for using different forms of distance decay functions | View |
| 140 | Explain the rationale for using different forms of distance decay functions | View |
| 141 | Explain how a semi-variogram describes the distance decay in dependence between data values | View |
| 141 | Explain how a semi-variogram describes the distance decay in dependence between data values | View |
| 142 | Outline the geometry implicit in classical gravity models of distance decay | View |
| 142 | Outline the geometry implicit in classical gravity models of distance decay | View |
| 143 | Plot typical forms for distance decay functions | View |
| 143 | Plot typical forms for distance decay functions | View |
| 144 | Write typical forms for distance decay functions | View |
| 144 | Write typical forms for distance decay functions | View |
| 145 | Write a program to create a matrix of pair-wise distances among a set of points | View |
| 145 | Write a program to create a matrix of pair-wise distances among a set of points | View |
| 146 | List different ways connectivity can be determined in a raster and in a polygon dataset | View |
| 146 | List different ways connectivity can be determined in a raster and in a polygon dataset | View |
| 147 | Describe real world applications where adjacency and connectivity are a critical component of analysis | View |
| 147 | Describe real world applications where adjacency and connectivity are a critical component of analysis | View |
| 148 | Explain the nine-intersection model for spatial relationships | View |
| 148 | Explain the nine-intersection model for spatial relationships | View |
| 149 | Demonstrate how adjacency and connectivity can be recorded in matrices | View |
| 149 | Demonstrate how adjacency and connectivity can be recorded in matrices | View |
| 150 | Calculate various measures of adjacency in a polygon dataset | View |
| 150 | Calculate various measures of adjacency in a polygon dataset | View |
| 151 | Create a matrix describing the pattern of adjacency in a set of planar enforced polygons | View |
| 151 | Create a matrix describing the pattern of adjacency in a set of planar enforced polygons | View |
| 152 | Describe how map algebra performs mathematical functions on raster grids | View |
| 152 | Describe how map algebra performs mathematical functions on raster grids | View |
| 153 | Describe a real modeling situation in which map algebra would be used e.g., site selection, climate classification, least-cost path | View |
| 153 | Describe a real modeling situation in which map algebra would be used e.g., site selection, climate classification, least-cost path | View |
| 154 | Explain the categories of map algebra operations i.e., local, focal, zonal, and global functions | View |
| 154 | Explain the categories of map algebra operations i.e., local, focal, zonal, and global functions | View |
| 155 | Explain why georegistration is a precondition to map algebra | View |
| 155 | Explain why georegistration is a precondition to map algebra | View |
| 156 | Differentiate between map algebra and matrix algebra using real examples | View |
| 156 | Differentiate between map algebra and matrix algebra using real examples | View |
| 157 | Perform a map algebra calculation using command line, form-based, and flow charting user interfaces | View |
| 157 | Perform a map algebra calculation using command line, form-based, and flow charting user interfaces | View |
| 158 | Compute measures of overall dispersion and clustering of point datasets using nearest neighbor distance statistics | View |
| 158 | Compute measures of overall dispersion and clustering of point datasets using nearest neighbor distance statistics | View |
| 159 | List the conditions that make point pattern analysis a suitable process | View |
| 159 | List the conditions that make point pattern analysis a suitable process | View |
| 160 | Identify the various ways point patterns may be described | View |
| 160 | Identify the various ways point patterns may be described | View |
| 161 | Identify various types of K-function analysis | View |
| 161 | Identify various types of K-function analysis | View |
| 162 | Describe how Independent Random Process/Chi-Squared Result IRP/CSR may be used to make statistical statements about point patterns | View |
| 162 | Describe how Independent Random Process/Chi-Squared Result IRP/CSR may be used to make statistical statements about point patterns | View |
| 163 | Outline measures of pattern based on first and second order properties such as the mean centre and standard distance, quadrat counts, nearest neighbor distance and the more modern G, F and K functions | View |
| 163 | Outline measures of pattern based on first and second order properties such as the mean centre and standard distance, quadrat counts, nearest neighbor distance and the more modern G, F and K functions | View |
| 164 | Outline the basis of classic critiques of spatial statistical analysis in the context of point pattern analysis | View |
| 164 | Outline the basis of classic critiques of spatial statistical analysis in the context of point pattern analysis | View |
| 165 | Explain how distance-based methods of point pattern measurement can be derived from a distance matrix | View |
| 165 | Explain how distance-based methods of point pattern measurement can be derived from a distance matrix | View |
| 166 | Explain how proximity polygons e.g., Thiessen polygons may be used to describe point patterns | View |
| 166 | Explain how proximity polygons e.g., Thiessen polygons may be used to describe point patterns | View |
| 167 | Explain how the K function provides a scale-dependent measure of dispersion | View |
| 167 | Explain how the K function provides a scale-dependent measure of dispersion | View |
| 168 | Describe the relationships between kernels and classical spatial interaction approaches, such as surfaces of potential | View |
| 168 | Describe the relationships between kernels and classical spatial interaction approaches, such as surfaces of potential | View |
| 169 | Differentiate between kernel density estimation and spatial interpolation | View |
| 169 | Differentiate between kernel density estimation and spatial interpolation | View |
| 170 | Outline the likely effects on analysis results of variations in the kernel function used and the bandwidth adopted | View |
| 170 | Outline the likely effects on analysis results of variations in the kernel function used and the bandwidth adopted | View |
| 171 | Explain why and how density estimation transforms point data into a field representation | View |
| 171 | Explain why and how density estimation transforms point data into a field representation | View |
| 172 | Explain why, in some cases, an adaptive bandwidth might be employed | View |
| 172 | Explain why, in some cases, an adaptive bandwidth might be employed | View |
| 173 | Create density maps from point datasets using kernels and density estimation techniques using standard software | View |
| 173 | Create density maps from point datasets using kernels and density estimation techniques using standard software | View |
| 174 | Identify several cluster detection techniques and discuss their limitations | View |
| 174 | Identify several cluster detection techniques and discuss their limitations | View |
| 175 | Discuss the characteristics of the various cluster detection techniques | View |
| 175 | Discuss the characteristics of the various cluster detection techniques | View |
| 176 | Demonstrate the extension of spatial clustering to deal with clustering in space-time using the Know and Mantel tests | View |
| 176 | Demonstrate the extension of spatial clustering to deal with clustering in space-time using the Know and Mantel tests | View |
| 177 | Perform a cluster detection analysis to detect hot spots in a point pattern | View |
| 177 | Perform a cluster detection analysis to detect hot spots in a point pattern | View |
| 178 | State the classic formalization of the interaction model | View |
| 178 | State the classic formalization of the interaction model | View |
| 179 | Differentiate between the gravity model and spatial interaction models | View |
| 179 | Differentiate between the gravity model and spatial interaction models | View |
| 180 | Describe the formulation of the classic gravity model, the unconstrained spatial interaction model, the production constrained spatial interaction model, the attraction constrained spatial interaction model, and the doubly constrained spatial... | View |
| 180 | Describe the formulation of the classic gravity model, the unconstrained spatial interaction model, the production constrained spatial interaction model, the attraction constrained spatial interaction model, and the doubly constrained spatial... | View |
| 181 | Explain how dynamic, chaotic, complex or unpredictable aspects in some phenomena make spatial interaction models more appropriate than gravity models | View |
| 181 | Explain how dynamic, chaotic, complex or unpredictable aspects in some phenomena make spatial interaction models more appropriate than gravity models | View |
| 182 | Explain the concept of competing destinations, describing how traditional spatial interaction model forms are modified to account for it | View |
| 182 | Explain the concept of competing destinations, describing how traditional spatial interaction model forms are modified to account for it | View |
| 183 | Create a matrix that shows spatial interaction | View |
| 183 | Create a matrix that shows spatial interaction | View |
| 184 | Relate plots of multidimensional attribute data to geography by equating similarity in data space with proximity in geographical space | View |
| 184 | Relate plots of multidimensional attribute data to geography by equating similarity in data space with proximity in geographical space | View |
| 185 | Assemble a data matrix of attributes | View |
| 185 | Assemble a data matrix of attributes | View |
| 186 | Produce plots in several data dimensions using a data matrix of attributes | View |
| 186 | Produce plots in several data dimensions using a data matrix of attributes | View |
| 187 | Conduct a simple hierarchical cluster analysis to classify area objects into statistically similar regions | View |
| 187 | Conduct a simple hierarchical cluster analysis to classify area objects into statistically similar regions | View |
| 188 | Perform multidimensional scaling (MDS) and principal components analysis (PCA) to reduce the number of coordinates, or dimensionality, of a problem | View |
| 188 | Perform multidimensional scaling (MDS) and principal components analysis (PCA) to reduce the number of coordinates, or dimensionality, of a problem | View |
| 189 | Describe the difference between prescriptive and descriptive cartographic models | View |
| 190 | Discuss the origins of cartographic modeling with reference to the work of Ian McHarg | View |
| 191 | Develop a flowchart of a cartographic model for a site suitability problem | View |
| 192 | Describe the implementation of an ordered weighting scheme in a multiple-criteria aggregation | View |
| 192 | Describe the implementation of an ordered weighting scheme in a multiple-criteria aggregation | View |
| 193 | Compare and contrast the terms multi-criteria evaluation, weighted linear combination, and site suitability analysis | View |
| 193 | Compare and contrast the terms multi-criteria evaluation, weighted linear combination, and site suitability analysis | View |
| 194 | Differentiate between contributing factors and constraints in a multi-criteria application | View |
| 194 | Differentiate between contributing factors and constraints in a multi-criteria application | View |
| 195 | Explain the legacy of multi-criteria evaluation in relation to cartographic modeling | View |
| 195 | Explain the legacy of multi-criteria evaluation in relation to cartographic modeling | View |
| 196 | Determine which method to use to combine criteria e.g., linear, multiplication | View |
| 196 | Determine which method to use to combine criteria e.g., linear, multiplication | View |
| 197 | Create initial weights using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) | View |
| 197 | Create initial weights using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) | View |
| 198 | Calibrate a linear combination model by adjusting weights using a test data set | View |
| 198 | Calibrate a linear combination model by adjusting weights using a test data set | View |
| 199 | Discuss the relationship between spatial processes and spatial patterns | View |
| 199 | Discuss the relationship between spatial processes and spatial patterns | View |
| 200 | Differentiate between deterministic and stochastic spatial process models | View |
| 200 | Differentiate between deterministic and stochastic spatial process models | View |
| 201 | Describe a simple process model that would generate a given set of spatial patterns | View |
| 201 | Describe a simple process model that would generate a given set of spatial patterns | View |
| 202 | List the likely sources of error in slope and aspect maps derived from DEMs and state the circumstances under which these can be very severe | View |
| 202 | List the likely sources of error in slope and aspect maps derived from DEMs and state the circumstances under which these can be very severe | View |
| 203 | Outline a number of different methods for calculating slope from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) | View |
| 203 | Outline a number of different methods for calculating slope from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) | View |
| 204 | Outline how higher order derivatives of height can be interpreted | View |
| 204 | Outline how higher order derivatives of height can be interpreted | View |
| 205 | Explain how slope and aspect can be represented as the vector field given by the first derivative of height | View |
| 205 | Explain how slope and aspect can be represented as the vector field given by the first derivative of height | View |
| 206 | Explain why the properties of spatial continuity are characteristic of spatial surfaces | View |
| 206 | Explain why the properties of spatial continuity are characteristic of spatial surfaces | View |
| 207 | Explain why zero slopes are indicative of surface specific points such as peaks, pits and passes and list the conditions necessary for each | View |
| 207 | Explain why zero slopes are indicative of surface specific points such as peaks, pits and passes and list the conditions necessary for each | View |
| 208 | Design an algorithm that calculates slope and aspect from a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) model | View |
| 208 | Design an algorithm that calculates slope and aspect from a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) model | View |
| 209 | Identify the spatial concepts that are assumed in different interpolation algorithms | View |
| 209 | Identify the spatial concepts that are assumed in different interpolation algorithms | View |
| 210 | Describe how surfaces can be interpolated using splines | View |
| 210 | Describe how surfaces can be interpolated using splines | View |
| 211 | Compare and contrast interpolation by inverse distance weighting, bi-cubic spline fitting and kriging | View |
| 211 | Compare and contrast interpolation by inverse distance weighting, bi-cubic spline fitting and kriging | View |
| 212 | Differentiate between trend surface analysis and deterministic spatial interpolation | View |
| 212 | Differentiate between trend surface analysis and deterministic spatial interpolation | View |
| 213 | Explain why different interpolation algorithms produce different results and suggest ways by which these can be evaluated in the context of a specific problem | View |
| 213 | Explain why different interpolation algorithms produce different results and suggest ways by which these can be evaluated in the context of a specific problem | View |
| 214 | Design an algorithm which interpolates irregular point elevation data onto a regular grid | View |
| 214 | Design an algorithm which interpolates irregular point elevation data onto a regular grid | View |
| 215 | Outline algorithms to produce repeatable contour-type lines from point datasets using proximity polygons, spatial averages, or inverse distance weighting | View |
| 215 | Outline algorithms to produce repeatable contour-type lines from point datasets using proximity polygons, spatial averages, or inverse distance weighting | View |
| 216 | Implement a trend surface analysis using either the supplied function in a GIS or a regression function from any standard statistical package | View |
| 216 | Implement a trend surface analysis using either the supplied function in a GIS or a regression function from any standard statistical package | View |
| 217 | Describe how a network of stream channels and ridges can be estimated from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) | View |
| 217 | Describe how a network of stream channels and ridges can be estimated from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) | View |
| 218 | Explain how ridgelines and streamlines can be used to improve the result of an interpolation process | View |
| 218 | Explain how ridgelines and streamlines can be used to improve the result of an interpolation process | View |
| 219 | Define intervisibility | View |
| 219 | Define intervisibility | View |
| 220 | Explain the sources and impact of errors that affect intervisibility analyses | View |
| 220 | Explain the sources and impact of errors that affect intervisibility analyses | View |
| 221 | Outline an algorithm to determine the viewshed area visible from specific locations on surfaces specified by digital elevation models (DEM) | View |
| 221 | Outline an algorithm to determine the viewshed area visible from specific locations on surfaces specified by digital elevation models (DEM) | View |
| 222 | Perform siting analyses using specified visibility, slope, and other surface related constraints | View |
| 222 | Perform siting analyses using specified visibility, slope, and other surface related constraints | View |
| 223 | Define friction surface | View |
| 223 | Define friction surface | View |
| 224 | Explain how friction surfaces are enhanced by the use of impedance and barriers | View |
| 224 | Explain how friction surfaces are enhanced by the use of impedance and barriers | View |
| 225 | Apply the principles of friction surfaces in the calculation of least-cost paths | View |
| 225 | Apply the principles of friction surfaces in the calculation of least-cost paths | View |
| 226 | Describe the statistical characteristics of a set of spatial data using a variety of graphs and plots including scatterplots, histograms, boxplots, qq plots | View |
| 226 | Describe the statistical characteristics of a set of spatial data using a variety of graphs and plots including scatterplots, histograms, boxplots, qq plots | View |
| 227 | Select the appropriate statistical methods for the analysis of given spatial datasets by first exploring them using graphic methods | View |
| 227 | Select the appropriate statistical methods for the analysis of given spatial datasets by first exploring them using graphic methods | View |
| 228 | List the two basic assumptions of the purely random process | View |
| 228 | List the two basic assumptions of the purely random process | View |
| 229 | Justify the stochastic process approach to spatial statistical analysis | View |
| 229 | Justify the stochastic process approach to spatial statistical analysis | View |
| 230 | Exemplify deterministic and spatial stochastic processes | View |
| 230 | Exemplify deterministic and spatial stochastic processes | View |
| 231 | Exemplify non-stationarity involving first and second order effects | View |
| 231 | Exemplify non-stationarity involving first and second order effects | View |
| 232 | Differentiate between isotropic and anisotropic processes | View |
| 232 | Differentiate between isotropic and anisotropic processes | View |
| 233 | Discuss the theory leading to the assumption of intrinsic stationarity | View |
| 233 | Discuss the theory leading to the assumption of intrinsic stationarity | View |
| 234 | Outline the logic behind the derivation of long run expected outcomes of the independent random process using quadrat counts | View |
| 234 | Outline the logic behind the derivation of long run expected outcomes of the independent random process using quadrat counts | View |
| 235 | Explain how different types of spatial weights matrices are defined and calculated | View |
| 235 | Explain how different types of spatial weights matrices are defined and calculated | View |
| 236 | Explain the rationale used for each type of spatial weights matrix | View |
| 236 | Explain the rationale used for each type of spatial weights matrix | View |
| 237 | Discuss the appropriateness of different types of spatial weights matrices for various problems | View |
| 237 | Discuss the appropriateness of different types of spatial weights matrices for various problems | View |
| 238 | Construct a spatial weights matrix for lattice, point, and area patterns | View |
| 238 | Construct a spatial weights matrix for lattice, point, and area patterns | View |
| 239 | Describe the effect of the assumption of stationarity on global measures of spatial association | View |
| 239 | Describe the effect of the assumption of stationarity on global measures of spatial association | View |
| 240 | Explain how a statistic that is based on combining all the spatial data and returning a single summary value or two can be useful in understanding broad spatial trends | View |
| 240 | Explain how a statistic that is based on combining all the spatial data and returning a single summary value or two can be useful in understanding broad spatial trends | View |
| 241 | Explain how the K function provides a scale-dependent measure of dispersion | View |
| 241 | Explain how the K function provides a scale-dependent measure of dispersion | View |
| 242 | Compute Morans I and Gearys c for patterns of attribute data measured on interval ratio scales | View |
| 242 | Compute Morans I and Gearys c for patterns of attribute data measured on interval ratio scales | View |
| 243 | Compute measures of overall dispersion and clustering of point datasets using nearest neighbor distance statistics | View |
| 243 | Compute measures of overall dispersion and clustering of point datasets using nearest neighbor distance statistics | View |
| 244 | Compute the K function | View |
| 244 | Compute the K function | View |
| 245 | Justify, compute, and test the significance of the join count statistic for a pattern of objects | View |
| 245 | Justify, compute, and test the significance of the join count statistic for a pattern of objects | View |
| 246 | Describe the effect of non-stationarity on local indices of spatial association | View |
| 246 | Describe the effect of non-stationarity on local indices of spatial association | View |
| 247 | Compare and contrast global and local statistics and their uses | View |
| 247 | Compare and contrast global and local statistics and their uses | View |
| 248 | Explain how a weights matrix can be used to convert any classical statistic into a local measure of spatial association | View |
| 248 | Explain how a weights matrix can be used to convert any classical statistic into a local measure of spatial association | View |
| 249 | Explain how geographically weighted regression provides a local measure of spatial association | View |
| 249 | Explain how geographically weighted regression provides a local measure of spatial association | View |
| 250 | Decompose Morans I and Gearys c into local measures of spatial association | View |
| 250 | Decompose Morans I and Gearys c into local measures of spatial association | View |
| 251 | Compute the Gi and Gi* statistics | View |
| 251 | Compute the Gi and Gi* statistics | View |
| 252 | Explain how outliers affect the results of analyses | View |
| 252 | Explain how outliers affect the results of analyses | View |
| 253 | Explain how the following techniques can be used to examine outliers: tabulation, histograms, box plots, correlation analysis, scatter plots, local statistics | View |
| 253 | Explain how the following techniques can be used to examine outliers: tabulation, histograms, box plots, correlation analysis, scatter plots, local statistics | View |
| 254 | Define prior and posterior distributions and Markov-Chain Monte Carlo | View |
| 254 | Define prior and posterior distributions and Markov-Chain Monte Carlo | View |
| 255 | Explain how the Bayesian perspective is a unified framework from which to view uncertainty | View |
| 255 | Explain how the Bayesian perspective is a unified framework from which to view uncertainty | View |
| 256 | Compare and contrast Bayesian methods and classical frequentist statistical methods | View |
| 256 | Compare and contrast Bayesian methods and classical frequentist statistical methods | View |
| 257 | List and describe several spatial sampling schemes and evaluate each one for specific applications | View |
| 257 | List and describe several spatial sampling schemes and evaluate each one for specific applications | View |
| 258 | Describe sampling schemes for accurately estimating the mean of a spatial data set | View |
| 258 | Describe sampling schemes for accurately estimating the mean of a spatial data set | View |
| 259 | Differentiate between model-based and design-based sampling schemes | View |
| 259 | Differentiate between model-based and design-based sampling schemes | View |
| 260 | Design a sampling scheme that will help detect when space-time clusters of events occur | View |
| 260 | Design a sampling scheme that will help detect when space-time clusters of events occur | View |
| 261 | Create spatial samples under a variety of requirements, such as coverage, randomness, transects | View |
| 261 | Create spatial samples under a variety of requirements, such as coverage, randomness, transects | View |
| 262 | Identify and define the parameters of a semi-variogram range, sill, nugget | View |
| 262 | Identify and define the parameters of a semi-variogram range, sill, nugget | View |
| 263 | Describe the relationships between semi-variograms and correlograms, and Morans indices of spatial association | View |
| 263 | Describe the relationships between semi-variograms and correlograms, and Morans indices of spatial association | View |
| 264 | Demonstrate how semi-variograms react to spatial nonstationarity | View |
| 264 | Demonstrate how semi-variograms react to spatial nonstationarity | View |
| 265 | Construct a semi-variogram and illustrate with a semi-variogram cloud | View |
| 265 | Construct a semi-variogram and illustrate with a semi-variogram cloud | View |
| 266 | List the possible sources of error in a selected and fitted model of an experimental semi-variogram | View |
| 266 | List the possible sources of error in a selected and fitted model of an experimental semi-variogram | View |
| 267 | Describe some commonly used semi-variogram models | View |
| 267 | Describe some commonly used semi-variogram models | View |
| 268 | Describe the conditions under which each of the commonly used semi-variograms models would be most appropriate | View |
| 268 | Describe the conditions under which each of the commonly used semi-variograms models would be most appropriate | View |
| 269 | Explain the necessity of defining a semi-variogram model for geographic data | View |
| 269 | Explain the necessity of defining a semi-variogram model for geographic data | View |
| 270 | Apply the method of weighted least squares and maximum likelihood to fit semi-variogram models to datasets | View |
| 270 | Apply the method of weighted least squares and maximum likelihood to fit semi-variogram models to datasets | View |
| 271 | Describe the relationship between the semi-variogram and kriging | View |
| 271 | Describe the relationship between the semi-variogram and kriging | View |
| 272 | Explain why kriging is more suitable as an interpolation method in some applications than others | View |
| 272 | Explain why kriging is more suitable as an interpolation method in some applications than others | View |
| 273 | Explain why it is important to have a good model of the semi-variogram in kriging | View |
| 273 | Explain why it is important to have a good model of the semi-variogram in kriging | View |
| 274 | Explain the concept of the kriging variance, and describe some of its shortcomings | View |
| 274 | Explain the concept of the kriging variance, and describe some of its shortcomings | View |
| 275 | Explain how block-kriging and its variants can be used to combine data sets with different spatial resolution support | View |
| 275 | Explain how block-kriging and its variants can be used to combine data sets with different spatial resolution support | View |
| 276 | Compare block-kriging with areal interpolation using proportional area weighting and dasymetric mapping | View |
| 276 | Compare block-kriging with areal interpolation using proportional area weighting and dasymetric mapping | View |
| 277 | Outline the basic kriging equations in their matrix formulation | View |
| 277 | Outline the basic kriging equations in their matrix formulation | View |
| 278 | Conduct a spatial interpolation process using kriging from data description to final error map | View |
| 278 | Conduct a spatial interpolation process using kriging from data description to final error map | View |
| 279 | Compare and contrast co-kriging log-normal kriging, disjunctive kriging, indicator kriging, factorial kriging and universal kriging | View |
| 279 | Compare and contrast co-kriging log-normal kriging, disjunctive kriging, indicator kriging, factorial kriging and universal kriging | View |
| 280 | Apply universal kriging to appropriate data sets | View |
| 280 | Apply universal kriging to appropriate data sets | View |
| 281 | Interpret the results of universal kriging | View |
| 281 | Interpret the results of universal kriging | View |
| 282 | Describe the general types of spatial econometric model | View |
| 282 | Describe the general types of spatial econometric model | View |
| 283 | Explain how spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity violate the Gauss-Markov assumptions of regression used in traditional econometrics | View |
| 283 | Explain how spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity violate the Gauss-Markov assumptions of regression used in traditional econometrics | View |
| 284 | Demonstrate how spatially lagged, trend surface, or dummy spatial variables can be used to create the spatial component variables missing in a standard regression analysis | View |
| 284 | Demonstrate how spatially lagged, trend surface, or dummy spatial variables can be used to create the spatial component variables missing in a standard regression analysis | View |
| 285 | Demonstrate how the spatial weights matrix is fundamental in spatial econometrics models | View |
| 285 | Demonstrate how the spatial weights matrix is fundamental in spatial econometrics models | View |
| 286 | Demonstrate why spatial autocorrelation among regression residuals can be an indication that spatial variables have been omitted from the models | View |
| 286 | Demonstrate why spatial autocorrelation among regression residuals can be an indication that spatial variables have been omitted from the models | View |
| 287 | Explain Anselins typology of spatial autoregressive models | View |
| 287 | Explain Anselins typology of spatial autoregressive models | View |
| 288 | Conduct a spatial econometric analysis to test for spatial dependence in the residuals from least-squares models and spatial autoregressive models | View |
| 288 | Conduct a spatial econometric analysis to test for spatial dependence in the residuals from least-squares models and spatial autoregressive models | View |
| 289 | Demonstrate how the parameters of spatial auto-regressive models can be estimated using univariate and bivariate optimization algorithms for maximizing the likelihood function | View |
| 289 | Demonstrate how the parameters of spatial auto-regressive models can be estimated using univariate and bivariate optimization algorithms for maximizing the likelihood function | View |
| 290 | Find a best model | View |
| 290 | Find a best model | View |
| 291 | Implement a maximum likelihood estimation procedure for determining key spatial econometric parameters | View |
| 291 | Implement a maximum likelihood estimation procedure for determining key spatial econometric parameters | View |
| 292 | Apply spatial statistic software e.g., GEODA to create and estimate an autoregressive model | View |
| 292 | Apply spatial statistic software e.g., GEODA to create and estimate an autoregressive model | View |
| 293 | Identify modeling situations where spatial filtering might not be appropriate | View |
| 293 | Identify modeling situations where spatial filtering might not be appropriate | View |
| 294 | Describe the relationship between factorial kriging and spatial filtering | View |
| 294 | Describe the relationship between factorial kriging and spatial filtering | View |
| 295 | Explain how spatial correlation can result as a side effect of the spatial aggregation in a given dataset | View |
| 295 | Explain how spatial correlation can result as a side effect of the spatial aggregation in a given dataset | View |
| 296 | Explain how dissolving clusters of blocks with similar values may resolve the spatial correlation problem | View |
| 296 | Explain how dissolving clusters of blocks with similar values may resolve the spatial correlation problem | View |
| 297 | Explain how the Getis and Tiefelsdorf Griffith spatial filtering techniques incorporate spatial component variables into OLS regression analysis in order to remedy misspecification and the problem of spatially auto-correlated residuals | View |
| 297 | Explain how the Getis and Tiefelsdorf Griffith spatial filtering techniques incorporate spatial component variables into OLS regression analysis in order to remedy misspecification and the problem of spatially auto-correlated residuals | View |
| 298 | Demonstrate how spatial autocorrelation can be removed by resampling | View |
| 298 | Demonstrate how spatial autocorrelation can be removed by resampling | View |
| 299 | Describe the characteristics of the spatial expansion method | View |
| 299 | Describe the characteristics of the spatial expansion method | View |
| 300 | Discuss the appropriateness of GWR under various conditions | View |
| 300 | Discuss the appropriateness of GWR under various conditions | View |
| 301 | Explain how allowing the parameters of the model to vary with the spatial location of the sample data can be used to accommodate spatial heterogeneity | View |
| 301 | Explain how allowing the parameters of the model to vary with the spatial location of the sample data can be used to accommodate spatial heterogeneity | View |
| 302 | Explain the principles of geographically weighted regression | View |
| 302 | Explain the principles of geographically weighted regression | View |
| 303 | Compare and contrast GWR with universal kriging using moving neighborhoods | View |
| 303 | Compare and contrast GWR with universal kriging using moving neighborhoods | View |
| 304 | Perform an analysis using the geographically weighted regression technique | View |
| 304 | Perform an analysis using the geographically weighted regression technique | View |
| 305 | Analyze the number of degrees of freedom in GWR analyses and discuss any possible difficulties with the method based on your results | View |
| 305 | Analyze the number of degrees of freedom in GWR analyses and discuss any possible difficulties with the method based on your results | View |
| 306 | Define common theories on what is real, such as realism, idealism, relativism, and experiential realism | View |
| 306 | Define common theories on what is real, such as realism, idealism, relativism, and experiential realism | View |
| 307 | Evaluate the influences of particular worldviews (including ones own) on GIS practices | View |
| 307 | Evaluate the influences of particular worldviews (including ones own) on GIS practices | View |
| 308 | Identify the ontological assumptions underlying the work of colleagues | View |
| 308 | Identify the ontological assumptions underlying the work of colleagues | View |
| 309 | Justify the metaphysical theories with which you agree | View |
| 309 | Justify the metaphysical theories with which you agree | View |
| 310 | Compare and contrast the ability of different theories to explain various situations | View |
| 310 | Compare and contrast the ability of different theories to explain various situations | View |
| 311 | Recognize the commonalities of philosophical viewpoints and appreciate differences to enable work with diverse colleagues | View |
| 311 | Recognize the commonalities of philosophical viewpoints and appreciate differences to enable work with diverse colleagues | View |
| 312 | Define common theories on what constitutes knowledge, including positivism, reflectance-correspondence, pragmatism, social constructivism, and memetics | View |
| 312 | Define common theories on what constitutes knowledge, including positivism, reflectance-correspondence, pragmatism, social constructivism, and memetics | View |
| 313 | Explain the notions of model and representation in science | View |
| 313 | Explain the notions of model and representation in science | View |
| 314 | Recognize the influences of epistemology on GIS practices | View |
| 314 | Recognize the influences of epistemology on GIS practices | View |
| 315 | Justify the epistemological frameworks with which you agree | View |
| 315 | Justify the epistemological frameworks with which you agree | View |
| 316 | Compare and contrast the ability of various theories to explain different situations | View |
| 316 | Compare and contrast the ability of various theories to explain different situations | View |
| 317 | Identify the epistemological assumptions underlying the work of colleagues | View |
| 317 | Identify the epistemological assumptions underlying the work of colleagues | View |
| 318 | Bridge the differences in epistemological viewpoints to enable work with diverse colleagues | View |
| 318 | Bridge the differences in epistemological viewpoints to enable work with diverse colleagues | View |
| 319 | Define common philosophical theories that have influenced geography and science, such as logical positivism, Marxism, phenomenology, feminism, and critical theory | View |
| 319 | Define common philosophical theories that have influenced geography and science, such as logical positivism, Marxism, phenomenology, feminism, and critical theory | View |
| 320 | Defend or refute the statement, All data are theory-laden | View |
| 320 | Defend or refute the statement, All data are theory-laden | View |
| 321 | Describe a brief history of major philosophical movements relating to the nature of space, time, geographic phenomena and human interaction with it | View |
| 321 | Describe a brief history of major philosophical movements relating to the nature of space, time, geographic phenomena and human interaction with it | View |
| 322 | Compare and contrast the kinds of questions various philosophies ask, the methodologies they use, the answers they offer, and their applicability to different phenomena | View |
| 322 | Compare and contrast the kinds of questions various philosophies ask, the methodologies they use, the answers they offer, and their applicability to different phenomena | View |
| 323 | Evaluate the influences of ones own philosophical views and assumptions on GIS AND T practices | View |
| 323 | Evaluate the influences of ones own philosophical views and assumptions on GIS AND T practices | View |
| 324 | Identify the philosophical views and assumptions underlying the work of colleagues | View |
| 324 | Identify the philosophical views and assumptions underlying the work of colleagues | View |
| 325 | Describe the differences between real phenomena, conceptual models, and GIS data representations thereof | View |
| 325 | Describe the differences between real phenomena, conceptual models, and GIS data representations thereof | View |
| 326 | Compare and contrast the symbolic and connectionist theories of human cognition and memory and their ability to model various cases | View |
| 326 | Compare and contrast the symbolic and connectionist theories of human cognition and memory and their ability to model various cases | View |
| 327 | Compare and contrast theories of spatial knowledge acquisition (e.g., Marr on vision, Piaget on childhood, Golledge on wayfinding) | View |
| 327 | Compare and contrast theories of spatial knowledge acquisition (e.g., Marr on vision, Piaget on childhood, Golledge on wayfinding) | View |
| 328 | Explain the role of metaphors and image schema in our understanding of geographic phenomena and geographic tasks | View |
| 328 | Explain the role of metaphors and image schema in our understanding of geographic phenomena and geographic tasks | View |
| 329 | Explore the contribution of linguistics to the study of spatial cognition and the role of natural language in the conceptualization of geographic phenomena | View |
| 329 | Explore the contribution of linguistics to the study of spatial cognition and the role of natural language in the conceptualization of geographic phenomena | View |
| 330 | Define the following terms: data, information, knowledge, and wisdom | View |
| 330 | Define the following terms: data, information, knowledge, and wisdom | View |
| 331 | Transform a conceptual model of information for a particular task into a data model | View |
| 331 | Transform a conceptual model of information for a particular task into a data model | View |
| 332 | Describe the limitations of various information stores for representing geographic information, including the mind, computers, graphics, text, etc. | View |
| 332 | Describe the limitations of various information stores for representing geographic information, including the mind, computers, graphics, text, etc. | View |
| 333 | Define the properties that make a phenomenon geographic | View |
| 333 | Define the properties that make a phenomenon geographic | View |
| 334 | Describe some insights that a spatial perspective can contribute to a given topic | View |
| 334 | Describe some insights that a spatial perspective can contribute to a given topic | View |
| 335 | Justify or refute whether geography (as a discipline) should have a central role in GIS AND T | View |
| 335 | Justify or refute whether geography (as a discipline) should have a central role in GIS AND T | View |
| 336 | Explore the history of geography including (but not limited to) Greek and Roman contributions to geography (Eratosthenes, Strabo, Ptolemy), geography and cartography in the age of discovery, military geography, and geography... | View |
| 336 | Explore the history of geography including (but not limited to) Greek and Roman contributions to geography (Eratosthenes, Strabo, Ptolemy), geography and cartography in the age of discovery, military geography, and geography... | View |
| 337 | Justify a chosen position on which disciplines should have as important a role in GIS AND T as geography | View |
| 337 | Justify a chosen position on which disciplines should have as important a role in GIS AND T as geography | View |
| 338 | Discuss the differing denotations and connotations of the terms spatial, geographic, and geospatial | View |
| 338 | Discuss the differing denotations and connotations of the terms spatial, geographic, and geospatial | View |
| 339 | Explain how the concept of place is more than just location | View |
| 339 | Explain how the concept of place is more than just location | View |
| 340 | Define the notions of cultural landscape and physical landscape | View |
| 340 | Define the notions of cultural landscape and physical landscape | View |
| 341 | Select a place or landscape with personal meaning and discuss its importance | View |
| 341 | Select a place or landscape with personal meaning and discuss its importance | View |
| 342 | Evaluate the differences in how various parties think or feel differently about a place being modeled | View |
| 342 | Evaluate the differences in how various parties think or feel differently about a place being modeled | View |
| 343 | Describe the elements of a sense of place or landscape that are difficult or impossible to adequately represent in GIS | View |
| 343 | Describe the elements of a sense of place or landscape that are difficult or impossible to adequately represent in GIS | View |
| 344 | Differentiate between space and place | View |
| 344 | Differentiate between space and place | View |
| 345 | Differentiate among elements of the meaning of a place that can or cannot be easily represented using geospatial technologies | View |
| 345 | Differentiate among elements of the meaning of a place that can or cannot be easily represented using geospatial technologies | View |
| 346 | Describe the ways in which the elements of culture (e.g., language, religion, education, traditions) may influence the understanding and use of geographic information | View |
| 346 | Describe the ways in which the elements of culture (e.g., language, religion, education, traditions) may influence the understanding and use of geographic information | View |
| 347 | Recognize the impact of ones social background on ones own geographic worldview and perceptions and how it influences ones use of GIS | View |
| 347 | Recognize the impact of ones social background on ones own geographic worldview and perceptions and how it influences ones use of GIS | View |
| 348 | Collaborate effectively with colleagues of differing social backgrounds in developing balanced GIS applications | View |
| 348 | Collaborate effectively with colleagues of differing social backgrounds in developing balanced GIS applications | View |
| 349 | Evaluate the influences of political ideologies (e.g., Marxism, Capitalism, conservative liberal) on the understanding of geographic information | View |
| 349 | Evaluate the influences of political ideologies (e.g., Marxism, Capitalism, conservative liberal) on the understanding of geographic information | View |
| 350 | Evaluate the influences of political actions, especially the allocation of territory, on human perceptions of space and place | View |
| 350 | Evaluate the influences of political actions, especially the allocation of territory, on human perceptions of space and place | View |
| 351 | Recognize the constraints that political forces place on geospatial applications in public and private sectors | View |
| 351 | Recognize the constraints that political forces place on geospatial applications in public and private sectors | View |
| 352 | Identify common-sense views of geographic phenomena that sharply contrast with established theories and technologies of geographic information | View |
| 352 | Identify common-sense views of geographic phenomena that sharply contrast with established theories and technologies of geographic information | View |
| 353 | Evaluate the impact of geospatial technologies (e.g., Google Earth) that allow non-geospatial professionals to create, distribute, and map geographic information | View |
| 353 | Evaluate the impact of geospatial technologies (e.g., Google Earth) that allow non-geospatial professionals to create, distribute, and map geographic information | View |
| 354 | Effectively communicate the design, procedures, and results of GIS projects to non-GIS audiences (clients, managers, general public) | View |
| 354 | Effectively communicate the design, procedures, and results of GIS projects to non-GIS audiences (clients, managers, general public) | View |
| 355 | Collaborate with non-GIS experts who use GIS to design applications that match common-sense understanding to an appropriate degree | View |
| 355 | Collaborate with non-GIS experts who use GIS to design applications that match common-sense understanding to an appropriate degree | View |
| 356 | Differentiate applications that can make use of common-sense principles of geography from those that should not | View |
| 356 | Differentiate applications that can make use of common-sense principles of geography from those that should not | View |
| 357 | Define the four basic dimensions or shapes used to describe spatial objects (i.e., points, lines, regions, volumes) | View |
| 357 | Define the four basic dimensions or shapes used to describe spatial objects (i.e., points, lines, regions, volumes) | View |
| 358 | Differentiate between absolute and relative descriptions of location | View |
| 358 | Differentiate between absolute and relative descriptions of location | View |
| 359 | Differentiate between common-sense, Cartesian metric, relational, relativistic, phenomenological, social constructivist, and other theories of the nature of space | View |
| 359 | Differentiate between common-sense, Cartesian metric, relational, relativistic, phenomenological, social constructivist, and other theories of the nature of space | View |
| 360 | Discuss the contributions that different perspectives on the nature of space bring to an understanding of geographic phenomenon | View |
| 360 | Discuss the contributions that different perspectives on the nature of space bring to an understanding of geographic phenomenon | View |
| 361 | Justify the discrepancies between the nature of locations in the real world and representations thereof (e.g., towns as points) | View |
| 361 | Justify the discrepancies between the nature of locations in the real world and representations thereof (e.g., towns as points) | View |
| 362 | Select appropriate spatial metaphors and models of phenomena to be represented in GIS | View |
| 362 | Select appropriate spatial metaphors and models of phenomena to be represented in GIS | View |
| 363 | Develop methods for representing non-cartesian models of space in GIS | View |
| 363 | Develop methods for representing non-cartesian models of space in GIS | View |
| 364 | Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of cartesian metric space as a basis for GIS and related technologies | View |
| 364 | Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of cartesian metric space as a basis for GIS and related technologies | View |
| 365 | Differentiate between mathematical and phenomenological theories of the nature of time | View |
| 365 | Differentiate between mathematical and phenomenological theories of the nature of time | View |
| 366 | Exemplify different temporal frames of reference: linear and cyclical, absolute and relative | View |
| 366 | Exemplify different temporal frames of reference: linear and cyclical, absolute and relative | View |
| 367 | Recognize the role that time plays in static GISystems | View |
| 367 | Recognize the role that time plays in static GISystems | View |
| 368 | Compare and contrast models of a given spatial process using continuous and discrete perspectives of time | View |
| 368 | Compare and contrast models of a given spatial process using continuous and discrete perspectives of time | View |
| 369 | Select the temporal elements of geographic phenomena that need to be represented in particular GIS applications | View |
| 369 | Select the temporal elements of geographic phenomena that need to be represented in particular GIS applications | View |
| 370 | Discuss common prepositions and adjectives (in any particular language) that signify either spatial or temporal relations but are used for both kinds, such as after or longer | View |
| 370 | Discuss common prepositions and adjectives (in any particular language) that signify either spatial or temporal relations but are used for both kinds, such as after or longer | View |
| 371 | Compare and contrast the characteristics of spatial and temporal dimensions | View |
| 371 | Compare and contrast the characteristics of spatial and temporal dimensions | View |
| 372 | Identify various types of geographic interactions in space and time | View |
| 372 | Identify various types of geographic interactions in space and time | View |
| 373 | Describe different types of movement and change | View |
| 373 | Describe different types of movement and change | View |
| 374 | Understand the physical notions of velocity and acceleration which are fundamentally about movement across space through time | View |
| 374 | Understand the physical notions of velocity and acceleration which are fundamentally about movement across space through time | View |
| 375 | Define Stevens four levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) | View |
| 375 | Define Stevens four levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) | View |
| 376 | Recognize attribute domains that do not fit well into Stevens four levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio), such as cycles, indexes, and hierarchies | View |
| 376 | Recognize attribute domains that do not fit well into Stevens four levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio), such as cycles, indexes, and hierarchies | View |
| 377 | Describe particular geographic phenomena in terms of attributes | View |
| 377 | Describe particular geographic phenomena in terms of attributes | View |
| 378 | Characterize the domains of attributes in a GIS, including continuous and discrete, qualitative and quantitative, absolute and relative | View |
| 378 | Characterize the domains of attributes in a GIS, including continuous and discrete, qualitative and quantitative, absolute and relative | View |
| 379 | Determine the proper uses of attributes based on their domains | View |
| 379 | Determine the proper uses of attributes based on their domains | View |
| 380 | Recognize situations and phenomena in the landscape which cannot be adequately represented by formal attributes, such as aesthetics | View |
| 380 | Recognize situations and phenomena in the landscape which cannot be adequately represented by formal attributes, such as aesthetics | View |
| 381 | Formalize attribute values and domains in terms of set theory | View |
| 381 | Formalize attribute values and domains in terms of set theory | View |
| 382 | Compare and contrast the theory that properties are fundamental (and objects are human simplifications of patterns thereof) with the theory that objects are fundamental (and properties are attributes thereof) | View |
| 382 | Compare and contrast the theory that properties are fundamental (and objects are human simplifications of patterns thereof) with the theory that objects are fundamental (and properties are attributes thereof) | View |
| 383 | Develop alternative forms of representations for situations in which attributes do not adequately capture meaning | View |
| 383 | Develop alternative forms of representations for situations in which attributes do not adequately capture meaning | View |
| 384 | Justify or refute the conception of fields (e.g., temperature, density) as spatially-intensive attributes of (sometimes amorphous and anonymous) entities | View |
| 384 | Justify or refute the conception of fields (e.g., temperature, density) as spatially-intensive attributes of (sometimes amorphous and anonymous) entities | View |
| 385 | Model gray area phenomena, such as categorical coverages (a.k.a. discrete fields), in terms of objects | View |
| 385 | Model gray area phenomena, such as categorical coverages (a.k.a. discrete fields), in terms of objects | View |
| 386 | Evaluate the influence of scale on the conceptualization of entities | View |
| 386 | Evaluate the influence of scale on the conceptualization of entities | View |
| 387 | Discuss the human predilection to conceptualize geographic phenomena in terms of discrete entities | View |
| 387 | Discuss the human predilection to conceptualize geographic phenomena in terms of discrete entities | View |
| 388 | Describe particular entities in terms of space, time, and properties | View |
| 388 | Describe particular entities in terms of space, time, and properties | View |
| 389 | Describe the perceptual processes (e.g., edge detection) that aid cognitive objectification | View |
| 389 | Describe the perceptual processes (e.g., edge detection) that aid cognitive objectification | View |
| 390 | Compare and contrast differing epistemological and metaphysical viewpoints on the reality of geographic entities | View |
| 390 | Compare and contrast differing epistemological and metaphysical viewpoints on the reality of geographic entities | View |
| 391 | Identify the types of features that need to be modeled in a particular GIS application or procedure | View |
| 391 | Identify the types of features that need to be modeled in a particular GIS application or procedure | View |
| 392 | Identify phenomena that are difficult or impossible to conceptualize in terms of entities | View |
| 392 | Identify phenomena that are difficult or impossible to conceptualize in terms of entities | View |
| 393 | Describe the difficulties in modeling entities with ill-defined edges | View |
| 393 | Describe the difficulties in modeling entities with ill-defined edges | View |
| 394 | Describe the difficulties inherent in extending the tabletop metaphor of objects to the geographic environment | View |
| 394 | Describe the difficulties inherent in extending the tabletop metaphor of objects to the geographic environment | View |
| 395 | Evaluate the effectiveness of GIS data models for representing the identity, existence, and lifespan of entities | View |
| 395 | Evaluate the effectiveness of GIS data models for representing the identity, existence, and lifespan of entities | View |
| 396 | Define a field in terms of properties, space, and time | View |
| 396 | Define a field in terms of properties, space, and time | View |
| 397 | Identify applications and phenomena that are not adequately modeled by the field view | View |
| 397 | Identify applications and phenomena that are not adequately modeled by the field view | View |
| 398 | Identify examples of discrete and continuous change found in spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal fields | View |
| 398 | Identify examples of discrete and continuous change found in spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal fields | View |
| 399 | Differentiate various sources of fields, such as substance properties (e.g., temperature), artificial constructs (e.g., population density), and fields of potential or influence (e.g., gravity) | View |
| 399 | Differentiate various sources of fields, such as substance properties (e.g., temperature), artificial constructs (e.g., population density), and fields of potential or influence (e.g., gravity) | View |
| 400 | Formalize the notion of field using mathematical functions and Calculus | View |
| 400 | Formalize the notion of field using mathematical functions and Calculus | View |
| 401 | Relate the notion of field in GIS to the mathematical notions of scalar and vector fields | View |
| 401 | Relate the notion of field in GIS to the mathematical notions of scalar and vector fields | View |
| 402 | Recognize the influences of scale on the perception and meaning of fields | View |
| 402 | Recognize the influences of scale on the perception and meaning of fields | View |
| 403 | Evaluate the representation of movement as a field of location over time (e.g. :x,y,z: = f(t) ) | View |
| 403 | Evaluate the representation of movement as a field of location over time (e.g. :x,y,z: = f(t) ) | View |
| 404 | Evaluate the field views description of objects as conceptual discretizations of continuous patterns | View |
| 404 | Evaluate the field views description of objects as conceptual discretizations of continuous patterns | View |
| 405 | Compare and contrast the concepts of continuants (entities) and occurrents (events) | View |
| 405 | Compare and contrast the concepts of continuants (entities) and occurrents (events) | View |
| 406 | Compare and contrast the concepts of event and process | View |
| 406 | Compare and contrast the concepts of event and process | View |
| 407 | Describe particular events or processes in terms of identity, categories, attributes, locations, etc. | View |
| 407 | Describe particular events or processes in terms of identity, categories, attributes, locations, etc. | View |
| 408 | Evaluate the assertion that events and processes are the same thing, but viewed at different temporal scales | View |
| 408 | Evaluate the assertion that events and processes are the same thing, but viewed at different temporal scales | View |
| 409 | Apply or develop formal systems for describing continuous spatio-temporal processes | View |
| 409 | Apply or develop formal systems for describing continuous spatio-temporal processes | View |
| 410 | Describe the actor role that entities and fields play in events and processes | View |
| 410 | Describe the actor role that entities and fields play in events and processes | View |
| 411 | Discuss the difficulty of integrating process models into GIS software based on the entity and field views, and methods used to do so | View |
| 411 | Discuss the difficulty of integrating process models into GIS software based on the entity and field views, and methods used to do so | View |
| 412 | Discuss the contributions of early attempts to integrate the concepts of space, time, and attribute in geographic information, such as Berry (1964) and Sinton (1978) | View |
| 412 | Discuss the contributions of early attempts to integrate the concepts of space, time, and attribute in geographic information, such as Berry (1964) and Sinton (1978) | View |
| 413 | Illustrate major integrated models of geographic information, such as Peuquets Triad, Mennis Pyramid, and Yuans Three-Domain | View |
| 413 | Illustrate major integrated models of geographic information, such as Peuquets Triad, Mennis Pyramid, and Yuans Three-Domain | View |
| 414 | Determine whether phenomena or applications exist that are not adequately represented in an existing comprehensive model | View |
| 414 | Determine whether phenomena or applications exist that are not adequately represented in an existing comprehensive model | View |
| 415 | Discuss the degree to which these models can be implemented using current technologies | View |
| 415 | Discuss the degree to which these models can be implemented using current technologies | View |
| 416 | Design data models for specific applications based on these comprehensive general models | View |
| 416 | Design data models for specific applications based on these comprehensive general models | View |
| 417 | Reconcile differing common-sense and official definitions of common geospatial categories of entities, attributes, space, and time | View |
| 417 | Reconcile differing common-sense and official definitions of common geospatial categories of entities, attributes, space, and time | View |
| 418 | Explain the human tendency to simplify the world using categories | View |
| 418 | Explain the human tendency to simplify the world using categories | View |
| 419 | Identify specific examples of categories of entities (i.e., common nouns), properties (i.e., adjectives), space (i.e., regions), and time (i.e., eras) | View |
| 419 | Identify specific examples of categories of entities (i.e., common nouns), properties (i.e., adjectives), space (i.e., regions), and time (i.e., eras) | View |
| 420 | Explain the role of categories in common-sense conceptual models, everyday language, and analytical procedures | View |
| 420 | Explain the role of categories in common-sense conceptual models, everyday language, and analytical procedures | View |
| 421 | Recognize and manage the potential problems associated with the use of categories (e.g., the ecological fallacy) | View |
| 421 | Recognize and manage the potential problems associated with the use of categories (e.g., the ecological fallacy) | View |
| 422 | Construct taxonomies and dictionaries (also known as formal ontologies) to communicate systems of categories | View |
| 422 | Construct taxonomies and dictionaries (also known as formal ontologies) to communicate systems of categories | View |
| 423 | Describe the contributions of category theory to understanding the internal structure of categories | View |
| 423 | Describe the contributions of category theory to understanding the internal structure of categories | View |
| 424 | Document the personal, social, and or institutional meaning of categories used in GIS applications | View |
| 424 | Document the personal, social, and or institutional meaning of categories used in GIS applications | View |
| 425 | Create or use GIS data structures to represent categories, including attribute columns, layers themes, shapes, legends, etc. | View |
| 425 | Create or use GIS data structures to represent categories, including attribute columns, layers themes, shapes, legends, etc. | View |
| 426 | Use categorical information in analysis, cartography, and other GIS processes, avoiding common interpretation mistakes | View |
| 426 | Use categorical information in analysis, cartography, and other GIS processes, avoiding common interpretation mistakes | View |
| 427 | Describe ways in which a geographic entity can be created from one or more others | View |
| 427 | Describe ways in which a geographic entity can be created from one or more others | View |
| 428 | Describe the genealogy (as identity-based change or temporal relationships) of particular geographic phenomena | View |
| 428 | Describe the genealogy (as identity-based change or temporal relationships) of particular geographic phenomena | View |
| 429 | Determine whether it is important to represent the genealogy of entities for a particular application | View |
| 429 | Determine whether it is important to represent the genealogy of entities for a particular application | View |
| 430 | Discuss the effects of temporal scale on the modeling of genealogical structures | View |
| 430 | Discuss the effects of temporal scale on the modeling of genealogical structures | View |
| 431 | Find spatial patterns in the distribution of geographic phenomena using geographic visualization and other techniques | View |
| 431 | Find spatial patterns in the distribution of geographic phenomena using geographic visualization and other techniques | View |
| 432 | Discuss the causal relationship between spatial processes and spatial patterns, including the possible problems in determining causality | View |
| 432 | Discuss the causal relationship between spatial processes and spatial patterns, including the possible problems in determining causality | View |
| 433 | Hypothesize the causes of a pattern in the spatial distribution of a phenomenon | View |
| 433 | Hypothesize the causes of a pattern in the spatial distribution of a phenomenon | View |
| 434 | Differentiate among distributions in space, time, and attribute | View |
| 434 | Differentiate among distributions in space, time, and attribute | View |
| 435 | Identify influences of scale on the appearance of distributions | View |
| 435 | Identify influences of scale on the appearance of distributions | View |
| 436 | Employ techniques for visualizing, describing, and analyzing distributions in space, time, and attribute | View |
| 436 | Employ techniques for visualizing, describing, and analyzing distributions in space, time, and attribute | View |
| 437 | Delineate regions using properties, spatial relationships, and geospatial technologies | View |
| 437 | Delineate regions using properties, spatial relationships, and geospatial technologies | View |
| 438 | Exemplify regions found at different scales | View |
| 438 | Exemplify regions found at different scales | View |
| 439 | Explain the relationship between regions and categories | View |
| 439 | Explain the relationship between regions and categories | View |
| 440 | Differentiate among different types of regions, including functional, cultural, physical, administrative, and others | View |
| 440 | Differentiate among different types of regions, including functional, cultural, physical, administrative, and others | View |
| 441 | Identify the kinds of phenomena that are commonly found at the boundaries of regions | View |
| 441 | Identify the kinds of phenomena that are commonly found at the boundaries of regions | View |
| 442 | Explain why general-purpose regions rarely exist | View |
| 442 | Explain why general-purpose regions rarely exist | View |
| 443 | Compare and contrast the opportunities and pitfalls of using regions to aggregate geographic information (e.g., census data) | View |
| 443 | Compare and contrast the opportunities and pitfalls of using regions to aggregate geographic information (e.g., census data) | View |
| 444 | Use established analysis methods that are based on the concept of region (e.g., landscape ecology) | View |
| 444 | Use established analysis methods that are based on the concept of region (e.g., landscape ecology) | View |
| 445 | Explain the nature of the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) | View |
| 445 | Explain the nature of the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) | View |
| 446 | Describe the ways in which a spatial perspective enables the synthesis of different subjects (e.g., climate and economy) | View |
| 446 | Describe the ways in which a spatial perspective enables the synthesis of different subjects (e.g., climate and economy) | View |
| 447 | Describe the common constraints on spatial integration | View |
| 447 | Describe the common constraints on spatial integration | View |
| 448 | Use established analysis methods that are based on the concept of spatial integration (e.g., overlay) | View |
| 448 | Use established analysis methods that are based on the concept of spatial integration (e.g., overlay) | View |
| 449 | Describe particular geographic phenomena in terms of their place in mereonomic hierarchies (parts and composites) | View |
| 449 | Describe particular geographic phenomena in terms of their place in mereonomic hierarchies (parts and composites) | View |
| 450 | Identify phenomena that are best understood as networks | View |
| 450 | Identify phenomena that are best understood as networks | View |
| 451 | Explain the modeling of structural relationships in standard GIS data models, such as stored topology | View |
| 451 | Explain the modeling of structural relationships in standard GIS data models, such as stored topology | View |
| 452 | Represent structural relationships in GIS data | View |
| 452 | Represent structural relationships in GIS data | View |
| 453 | Explain the effects of spatial or temporal scale on the perception of structure | View |
| 453 | Explain the effects of spatial or temporal scale on the perception of structure | View |
| 454 | Explain the contributions of formal mathematical methods such as Graph Theory to the study and application of geographic structures | View |
| 454 | Explain the contributions of formal mathematical methods such as Graph Theory to the study and application of geographic structures | View |
| 455 | Define various terms used to describe topological relationships, such as disjoint, overlap, within, and intersect | View |
| 455 | Define various terms used to describe topological relationships, such as disjoint, overlap, within, and intersect | View |
| 456 | Describe geographic phenomena in terms of their topological relationships (in space and time to other phenomena | View |
| 456 | Describe geographic phenomena in terms of their topological relationships (in space and time to other phenomena | View |
| 457 | List the possible topological relationships between entities in space (e.g., 9-intersection) and time | View |
| 457 | List the possible topological relationships between entities in space (e.g., 9-intersection) and time | View |
| 458 | Use methods that analyze topological relationships | View |
| 458 | Use methods that analyze topological relationships | View |
| 459 | Recognize the contributions of Topology (the branch of mathematics) to the study of geographic relationships | View |
| 459 | Recognize the contributions of Topology (the branch of mathematics) to the study of geographic relationships | View |
| 460 | Describe geographic phenomena in terms of their distances and directions (in space and time) Define spatial autocorrelation in the context of geographic proximity | View |
| 460 | Describe geographic phenomena in terms of their distances and directions (in space and time) Define spatial autocorrelation in the context of geographic proximity | View |
| 461 | Define spatial autocorrelation in the context of geographic proximity | View |
| 461 | Define spatial autocorrelation in the context of geographic proximity | View |
| 462 | Use methods that analyze metrical relationships | View |
| 462 | Use methods that analyze metrical relationships | View |
| 463 | Identify situations in which Toblers First Law of Geography is valuable | View |
| 463 | Identify situations in which Toblers First Law of Geography is valuable | View |
| 464 | Identify situations in which Toblers First Law of Geography does not apply | View |
| 464 | Identify situations in which Toblers First Law of Geography does not apply | View |
| 465 | Explain why Toblers First Law of Geography is fundamental to many operations in GIS and whether it should be | View |
| 465 | Explain why Toblers First Law of Geography is fundamental to many operations in GIS and whether it should be | View |
| 466 | Define the principle of friction of distance and geographic models that are based on it (e.g., gravity models, spatial interaction models) | View |
| 466 | Define the principle of friction of distance and geographic models that are based on it (e.g., gravity models, spatial interaction models) | View |
| 467 | Compare and contrast the meanings of related terms such as vague, fuzzy, imprecise, indefinite, indiscrete, unclear, and ambiguous | View |
| 467 | Compare and contrast the meanings of related terms such as vague, fuzzy, imprecise, indefinite, indiscrete, unclear, and ambiguous | View |
| 468 | Evaluate the role that system complexity, dynamic processes, and subjectivity play in the creation of vague phenomena and concepts | View |
| 468 | Evaluate the role that system complexity, dynamic processes, and subjectivity play in the creation of vague phenomena and concepts | View |
| 469 | Identify the hedges used in language to convey vagueness | View |
| 469 | Identify the hedges used in language to convey vagueness | View |
| 470 | Describe the cognitive processes that tend to create vagueness | View |
| 470 | Describe the cognitive processes that tend to create vagueness | View |
| 471 | Differentiate applications in which vagueness is an acceptable trait from those in which it is unacceptable | View |
| 471 | Differentiate applications in which vagueness is an acceptable trait from those in which it is unacceptable | View |
| 472 | Recognize the degree to which vagueness depends on scale | View |
| 472 | Recognize the degree to which vagueness depends on scale | View |
| 473 | Evaluate vagueness in the locations, time, attributes, and other aspects of geographic phenomena | View |
| 473 | Evaluate vagueness in the locations, time, attributes, and other aspects of geographic phenomena | View |
| 474 | Differentiate between the following concepts: vagueness and ambiguity, well defined and poorly defined objects and fields or discord and non-specificity | View |
| 474 | Differentiate between the following concepts: vagueness and ambiguity, well defined and poorly defined objects and fields or discord and non-specificity | View |
| 475 | Define uncertainty-related terms, such as error, accuracy, uncertainty, precision, stochastic, probabilistic, deterministic, and random | View |
| 475 | Define uncertainty-related terms, such as error, accuracy, uncertainty, precision, stochastic, probabilistic, deterministic, and random | View |
| 476 | Differentiate uncertainty in geospatial situations from vagueness | View |
| 476 | Differentiate uncertainty in geospatial situations from vagueness | View |
| 477 | Recognize the degree to which the importance of uncertainty depends on scale and application | View |
| 477 | Recognize the degree to which the importance of uncertainty depends on scale and application | View |
| 478 | Recognize expressions of uncertainty in language | View |
| 478 | Recognize expressions of uncertainty in language | View |
| 479 | Evaluate the causes of uncertainty in geospatial data | View |
| 479 | Evaluate the causes of uncertainty in geospatial data | View |
| 480 | Describe a stochastic error model for a natural phenomenon | View |
| 480 | Describe a stochastic error model for a natural phenomenon | View |
| 481 | Explain how the familiar concepts of geographic objects and fields affect the conceptualization of uncertainty | View |
| 481 | Explain how the familiar concepts of geographic objects and fields affect the conceptualization of uncertainty | View |
| 482 | Describe the basic principles of randomness and probability | View |
| 482 | Describe the basic principles of randomness and probability | View |
| 483 | Devise simple ways to represent probability information in GIS | View |
| 483 | Devise simple ways to represent probability information in GIS | View |
| 484 | Recognize the assumptions underlying probability and geostatistics and the situations in which they are useful analytical tools | View |
| 484 | Recognize the assumptions underlying probability and geostatistics and the situations in which they are useful analytical tools | View |
| 485 | Compute descriptive statistics and geostatistics of geographic data | View |
| 485 | Compute descriptive statistics and geostatistics of geographic data | View |
| 486 | Interpret descriptive statistics and geostatistics of geographic data | View |
| 486 | Interpret descriptive statistics and geostatistics of geographic data | View |
| 487 | Explain how technological changes have affected cartographic design and production | View |
| 488 | Explain the impact of advances in visualization methods in the evolution of cartography | View |
| 489 | Compare and contrast cartographic developments in various countries and world regions such as Switzerland, France, China, the Middle East, and Greece | View |
| 490 | Describe how compilation, production, and distribution methods used in map making have evolved | View |
| 491 | Describe how symbolization methods used in map making have evolved | View |
| 492 | Describe the contributions by Robinson, Jenks, Raisz, and others to US academic cartography | View |
| 493 | Discuss the influence of some cartographers of the 16th and 17th centuries (Mercator, Ortelius, Jansson, Homann and others) | View |
| 494 | Discuss the perspectives of Brian Harley and others on the political motivation for the development of certain kinds of maps | View |
| 495 | Discuss the relationship between the history of exploration and the development of a more accurate map of the world | View |
| 496 | Discuss the Swiss influence on map design and production, highlighting Imhofs contributions | View |
| 497 | Outline the development of some of the major map projections (e.g., Mercator, Gnomonic, Robinson) | View |
| 498 | Explain how Bertin has influenced trends in cartographic symbolization | View |
| 499 | Apply one or more Gestalt principles to achieve appropriate figure-ground for map elements | View |
| 500 | Create different map layouts using the same map components (main map area, inset maps, titles, legends, scale bars, north arrows, grids and graticule) to produce maps with very distinctive purposes | View |
| 500 | Create different map layouts using the same map components (main map area, inset maps, titles, legends, scale bars, north arrows, grids and graticule) to produce maps with very distinctive purposes | View |
| 501 | Create different maps using the same data for different purposes and intended audiences (e.g., expert and novice hikers) | View |
| 501 | Create different maps using the same data for different purposes and intended audiences (e.g., expert and novice hikers) | View |
| 502 | List the major factors that should be considered in preparing a map | View |
| 502 | List the major factors that should be considered in preparing a map | View |
| 503 | Describe the design needs of special purpose maps such as subdivision plans, cadastral mapping, drainage plans, nautical charts, aeronautical charts, geological maps, military maps, wire-mesh volume maps, and 3D plans of urban change | View |
| 503 | Describe the design needs of special purpose maps such as subdivision plans, cadastral mapping, drainage plans, nautical charts, aeronautical charts, geological maps, military maps, wire-mesh volume maps, and 3D plans of urban change | View |
| 504 | Describe differences in design needed for a map that is to be viewed on the Internet versus as a 5x7 foot poster, including a discussion of the effect of viewing distance, lighting, and media type | View |
| 504 | Describe differences in design needed for a map that is to be viewed on the Internet versus as a 5x7 foot poster, including a discussion of the effect of viewing distance, lighting, and media type | View |
| 505 | Discuss how to create an intellectual and visual hierarchy on maps | View |
| 505 | Discuss how to create an intellectual and visual hierarchy on maps | View |
| 506 | Discuss the differences between maps that use the same data but are for different purposes and intended audiences | View |
| 506 | Discuss the differences between maps that use the same data but are for different purposes and intended audiences | View |
| 507 | Discuss the differences between maps that use the same data but are for different purposes and intended audiences | View |
| 507 | Discuss the differences between maps that use the same data but are for different purposes and intended audiences | View |
| 508 | Critique the graphic design of several maps in terms of balance, legibility, clarity, visual contrast, figure-ground organization, and hierarchal organization | View |
| 508 | Critique the graphic design of several maps in terms of balance, legibility, clarity, visual contrast, figure-ground organization, and hierarchal organization | View |
| 509 | Critique the layout of several maps, taking into account the map audience and purpose and the graphic design (visual balance, hierarchy, figure-ground), as well as the map components (north arrow, scale bar, and legend) | View |
| 510 | Design maps that are appropriate for users with vision limitations | View |
| 510 | Design maps that are appropriate for users with vision limitations | View |
| 515 | List the range of factors that should be considered in selecting colors | View |
| 515 | List the range of factors that should be considered in selecting colors | View |
| 517 | Discuss how cultural differences with respect to color associations impact map design | View |
| 517 | Discuss how cultural differences with respect to color associations impact map design | View |
| 518 | Explain the common color models used in mapping | View |
| 518 | Explain the common color models used in mapping | View |
| 520 | Discuss the role of gamut in choosing colors that can be reproduced on various devices and media | View |
| 520 | Discuss the role of gamut in choosing colors that can be reproduced on various devices and media | View |
| 521 | Explain how real-world connotations (e.g., blue=water, white=snow) can be used to determine color selections on maps | View |
| 521 | Explain how real-world connotations (e.g., blue=water, white=snow) can be used to determine color selections on maps | View |
| 524 | Build a set of mapping problems that can be used to illustrate point, line, and area label conventions for placing text on maps | View |
| 524 | Build a set of mapping problems that can be used to illustrate point, line, and area label conventions for placing text on maps | View |
| 525 | Solve a labeling problem for a dense collection of features on a map using minimal leader lines | View |
| 525 | Solve a labeling problem for a dense collection of features on a map using minimal leader lines | View |
| 528 | Contrast the strengths and limitations of methods for automatic label placement | View |
| 528 | Contrast the strengths and limitations of methods for automatic label placement | View |
| 529 | Compare the relative merits of having map labels placed dynamically versus having them saved as annotation data | View |
| 529 | Compare the relative merits of having map labels placed dynamically versus having them saved as annotation data | View |
| 530 | Explain how text properties can be used as visual variables to graphically represent the type and attributes of geographic features | View |
| 530 | Explain how text properties can be used as visual variables to graphically represent the type and attributes of geographic features | View |
| 531 | Explain how to label features with indeterminate boundaries (canyons, oceans, etc.) | View |
| 531 | Explain how to label features with indeterminate boundaries (canyons, oceans, etc.) | View |
| 533 | Apply the appropriate technology to place name labels on a map using a geographic names database | View |
| 533 | Apply the appropriate technology to place name labels on a map using a geographic names database | View |
| 534 | Select type font, size, style and color for labels on a map by applying basic typography design principles | View |
| 534 | Select type font, size, style and color for labels on a map by applying basic typography design principles | View |
| 535 | Select a technique that can be used to represent the value of each of the components of data quality (positional and attribute accuracy, logical consistency, and completeness) | View |
| 535 | Select a technique that can be used to represent the value of each of the components of data quality (positional and attribute accuracy, logical consistency, and completeness) | View |
| 536 | Apply multivariate and dynamic visualization methods to display uncertainty in data | View |
| 536 | Apply multivariate and dynamic visualization methods to display uncertainty in data | View |
| 537 | Outline a map with a reliability overlay using symbols suited to reliability representations | View |
| 537 | Outline a map with a reliability overlay using symbols suited to reliability representations | View |
| 538 | Develop graphic techniques that clearly show different forms of inexactness (e.g., existence uncertainty, boundary location uncertainty, attribute ambiguity, transitional boundary) of a given feature (e.g., a culture region) | View |
| 538 | Develop graphic techniques that clearly show different forms of inexactness (e.g., existence uncertainty, boundary location uncertainty, attribute ambiguity, transitional boundary) of a given feature (e.g., a culture region) | View |
| 539 | Explain the design considerations for different thematic maps | View |
| 539 | Explain the design considerations for different thematic maps | View |
| 540 | Evaluate the strengths and limitations of different thematic mapping methods | View |
| 540 | Evaluate the strengths and limitations of different thematic mapping methods | View |
| 541 | Propose thematic mapping methods for mapping numerical data | View |
| 541 | Propose thematic mapping methods for mapping numerical data | View |
| 542 | Choose suitable mapping methods for each attribute of a given type of feature in a GIS (e.g., roads with various attributes such as surface type, traffic flow, number of lanes, direction such as one-way, etc.) | View |
| 542 | Choose suitable mapping methods for each attribute of a given type of feature in a GIS (e.g., roads with various attributes such as surface type, traffic flow, number of lanes, direction such as one-way, etc.) | View |
| 543 | Select base information suited to providing a frame of reference for thematic map symbols (e.g., network of major roads and state boundaries underlying national population map) | View |
| 543 | Select base information suited to providing a frame of reference for thematic map symbols (e.g., network of major roads and state boundaries underlying national population map) | View |
| 544 | Create maps using each of the following methods: choropleth, dasymetric, proportioned symbol, graduated symbol, isoline, dot, cartogram, and flow map | View |
| 544 | Create maps using each of the following methods: choropleth, dasymetric, proportioned symbol, graduated symbol, isoline, dot, cartogram, and flow map | View |
| 545 | Create well-designed legends using the appropriate conventions for the following methods: choropleth, dasymetric, proportioned symbol, graduated symbol, isoline, dot, cartogram, and flow map | View |
| 545 | Create well-designed legends using the appropriate conventions for the following methods: choropleth, dasymetric, proportioned symbol, graduated symbol, isoline, dot, cartogram, and flow map | View |
| 546 | Describe situations in which methods of terrain representation (e.g., shaded relief, contours, hypsometric tints, block diagrams, profiles) are well or poorly suited | View |
| 546 | Describe situations in which methods of terrain representation (e.g., shaded relief, contours, hypsometric tints, block diagrams, profiles) are well or poorly suited | View |
| 548 | Differentiate 3D representations from 2.5 D representations | View |
| 548 | Differentiate 3D representations from 2.5 D representations | View |
| 549 | Explain how maps that show the landscape in profile can be used to represent terrain | View |
| 549 | Explain how maps that show the landscape in profile can be used to represent terrain | View |
| 550 | Create a map that represents both slope and aspect on the same map using the Moellering-Kimerling coloring method | View |
| 550 | Create a map that represents both slope and aspect on the same map using the Moellering-Kimerling coloring method | View |
| 551 | Differentiate the interpretation of a series of three maps and a single multivariate map, each representing the same three related variables | View |
| 552 | Explain the relationship among several variables in a parallel coordinate plot | View |
| 553 | Find a multivariate outlier using a combination of maps and graphs | View |
| 553 | Find a multivariate outlier using a combination of maps and graphs | View |
| 554 | Design a map series to show the change in a geographic pattern over time | View |
| 554 | Design a map series to show the change in a geographic pattern over time | View |
| 555 | Design a single map symbol that can be used to symbolize a set of related variables | View |
| 555 | Design a single map symbol that can be used to symbolize a set of related variables | View |
| 556 | Create a map that displays related variables using different mapping methods (e.g., choropleth and proportional symbol, choropleth and cartogram) | View |
| 556 | Create a map that displays related variables using different mapping methods (e.g., choropleth and proportional symbol, choropleth and cartogram) | View |
| 557 | Create a map that displays related variables using the same mapping method (e.g., bivariate choropleth map, bivariate dot map) | View |
| 557 | Create a map that displays related variables using the same mapping method (e.g., bivariate choropleth map, bivariate dot map) | View |
| 558 | Demonstrate how the adding time-series data reveals (or not) patterns not evident in a cross-sectional data | View |
| 558 | Demonstrate how the adding time-series data reveals (or not) patterns not evident in a cross-sectional data | View |
| 559 | Illustrate how an animated map reveals patterns not evident without animation | View |
| 559 | Illustrate how an animated map reveals patterns not evident without animation | View |
| 560 | Demonstrate how Bertins graphic variables can be extended to include animation effects | View |
| 561 | Create a temporal sequence representing a dynamic geospatial process | View |
| 561 | Create a temporal sequence representing a dynamic geospatial process | View |
| 562 | Explain how interactivity influences map use | View |
| 562 | Explain how interactivity influences map use | View |
| 563 | Describe a mapping goal in which the use of each of the following would be appropriate: brushing, linking, multiple displays | View |
| 563 | Describe a mapping goal in which the use of each of the following would be appropriate: brushing, linking, multiple displays | View |
| 564 | Discuss the uses of the map as a user interface element in interactive presentations of geographic information | View |
| 564 | Discuss the uses of the map as a user interface element in interactive presentations of geographic information | View |
| 565 | Critique the interactive elements of an online map | View |
| 565 | Critique the interactive elements of an online map | View |
| 566 | Develop a useful interactive interface and legend | View |
| 566 | Develop a useful interactive interface and legend | View |
| 567 | Build an animated map for a specified purpose | View |
| 567 | Build an animated map for a specified purpose | View |
| 568 | Build an interactive map suitable for a given audience | View |
| 568 | Build an interactive map suitable for a given audience | View |
| 569 | Describe considerations for using maps on the Web as a method for downloading data | View |
| 569 | Describe considerations for using maps on the Web as a method for downloading data | View |
| 570 | Discuss the influence of the user interface on maps and visualizations on the Web | View |
| 570 | Discuss the influence of the user interface on maps and visualizations on the Web | View |
| 571 | Critique the user interface for existing Internet mapping services | View |
| 571 | Critique the user interface for existing Internet mapping services | View |
| 572 | Construct a Web page that includes an interactive map | View |
| 572 | Construct a Web page that includes an interactive map | View |
| 573 | Edit the symbology, labeling, and page layout for a map originally designed for hard copy printing so that it can be seen and used on the Web | View |
| 573 | Edit the symbology, labeling, and page layout for a map originally designed for hard copy printing so that it can be seen and used on the Web | View |
| 574 | Illustrate the use of virtual environments | View |
| 574 | Illustrate the use of virtual environments | View |
| 575 | Explain how the virtual and immersive environments become increasingly more complex as we move from the relatively non-immersive VRML desktop environment to a stereoscopic display (e.g., a GeoWall) to a more fully immersive CAVE | View |
| 575 | Explain how the virtual and immersive environments become increasingly more complex as we move from the relatively non-immersive VRML desktop environment to a stereoscopic display (e.g., a GeoWall) to a more fully immersive CAVE | View |
| 576 | List software and hardware environments supporting immersive visualization | View |
| 576 | List software and hardware environments supporting immersive visualization | View |
| 577 | Discuss about the advantages of different immersive display systems | View |
| 577 | Discuss about the advantages of different immersive display systems | View |
| 578 | Evaluate the extent to which a GeoWall or CAVE does or does not enhance understanding of spatial data | View |
| 579 | Explain how spatial metaphors can be used to illustrate the relationship among ideas | View |
| 579 | Explain how spatial metaphors can be used to illustrate the relationship among ideas | View |
| 580 | Explain how spatialization is a core component of visual analytics | View |
| 580 | Explain how spatialization is a core component of visual analytics | View |
| 581 | Evaluate graphic techniques used to portray spatializations | View |
| 581 | Evaluate graphic techniques used to portray spatializations | View |
| 582 | Create a pseudo-topographic surface to portray the relationships in a collection of documents | View |
| 582 | Create a pseudo-topographic surface to portray the relationships in a collection of documents | View |
| 583 | Create a concept map that represents the contents and topology of a physical or social process | View |
| 583 | Create a concept map that represents the contents and topology of a physical or social process | View |
| 584 | Describe print quality characteristics and price differences for limited-run color map distribution | View |
| 584 | Describe print quality characteristics and price differences for limited-run color map distribution | View |
| 585 | Describe production concerns that might be discussed with a publisher who will print a map product | View |
| 585 | Describe production concerns that might be discussed with a publisher who will print a map product | View |
| 586 | Compare and contrast the quality of product evaluation that can be made from process proofs and color laser prints | View |
| 586 | Compare and contrast the quality of product evaluation that can be made from process proofs and color laser prints | View |
| 587 | Outline the stages in lithographic offset printing | View |
| 587 | Outline the stages in lithographic offset printing | View |
| 588 | Prepare a color map for black-and-white photocopy distribution | View |
| 588 | Prepare a color map for black-and-white photocopy distribution | View |
| 589 | Specify a print job for publication, including paper, ink, lpi, proof needs, press check and other contract decisions | View |
| 589 | Specify a print job for publication, including paper, ink, lpi, proof needs, press check and other contract decisions | View |
| 590 | Explain how maps such as topographic maps are produced within certain relations of power and knowledge | View |
| 590 | Explain how maps such as topographic maps are produced within certain relations of power and knowledge | View |
| 591 | Discuss how the choices used in the design of a road map will influence the experience visitors may have of the area | View |
| 592 | Explain how legal issues impact the design and content of such special purpose maps as subdivision plans, nautical charts and cadastral maps | View |
| 593 | Select maps that illustrate the provocative, propaganda, political, and persuasive nature of maps and geospatial data | View |
| 593 | Select maps that illustrate the provocative, propaganda, political, and persuasive nature of maps and geospatial data | View |
| 594 | Demonstrate how different methods of data classification for a single dataset can produce maps that will be interpreted very differently by the user | View |
| 595 | Deconstruct the silences (feature omissions) on a map of a personally well known area | View |
| 596 | Construct two maps about a conflict or war producing one supportive of each sides viewpoint | View |
| 597 | Calculate slope using a topographic map and a DEM | View |
| 598 | Calculate the planimetric and actual road distances between two locations on a topographic map | View |
| 599 | Create a profile of a cross section through a terrain using a topographic map and a digital elevation model (DEM) | View |
| 600 | Measure point-feature movement and point-feature diffusion on maps | View |
| 601 | Plan an orienteering tour of a specific length that traverses slopes of an appropriate steepness and crosses streams in places that can be forded based on a topographic map | View |
| 602 | Describe maps that can be used to find direction, distance, or position, plan routes, calculate area or volume, or describe shape | View |
| 603 | Describe the differences between azimuths, bearings, and other systems for indicating directions | View |
| 604 | Explain how maps can be used in determining an optimal route or facility selection | View |
| 605 | Explain how maps can be used in terrain analysis (e.g., elevation determination, surface profiles, slope, viewsheds, and gradient) | View |
| 606 | Explain how the types of distortion indicated by projection metadata on a map will affect map measurements | View |
| 607 | Explain the differences between true north, magnetic north, and grid north directional references | View |
| 608 | Compare and contrast the manual measurement of the areas of polygons on a map printed from a GIS with those calculated by the computer and discuss the implications these variations in measurement might have on map useg | View |
| 609 | Determine feature counts of point, line, and area features on maps | View |
| 610 | Analyze spatial patterns of selected point, line and area feature arrangements on maps | View |
| 611 | List the costs and benefits (financial and intangible) of implementing geospatial technology for a particular application or an entire institution | View |
| 612 | Compare and contrast the relative merits of outsourcing the feasibility analysis and system design processes or doing them in-house | View |
| 613 | Identify major obstacles to the success of a GIS proposal | View |
| 614 | Evaluate possible solutions to the major obstacles that stand in the way of a successful GIS proposal | View |
| 615 | List some of the topics that should be addressed in such a justification of geospatial technology (e.g., ROI, workflow, knowledge sharing) | View |
| 616 | Decide whether geospatial technology should be used for a particular task | View |
| 617 | Perform a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of an application | View |
| 617 | Perform a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of an application | View |
| 618 | Justify feasibility recommendations to decision-makers | View |
| 618 | Justify feasibility recommendations to decision-makers | View |
| 619 | Identify potential sources of data (free or commercial) needed for a particular application or enterprise | View |
| 619 | Identify potential sources of data (free or commercial) needed for a particular application or enterprise | View |
| 620 | Estimate the cost to collect needed data from primary sources (e.g., remote sensing, GPS) | View |
| 620 | Estimate the cost to collect needed data from primary sources (e.g., remote sensing, GPS) | View |
| 621 | Judge the relative merits of obtaining free data, purchasing data, outsourcing data creation, or producing and managing data in-house for a particular application or enterprise | View |
| 622 | Identify the positions necessary to design and implement a GIS | View |
| 623 | Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing elements of the implementation of a geospatial system, such as data entry | View |
| 624 | Evaluate the labor needed in past cases to build a new geospatial enterprise | View |
| 625 | Create a budget of expected labor costs, including salaries, benefits, training, and other expenses | View |
| 625 | Create a budget of expected labor costs, including salaries, benefits, training, and other expenses | View |
| 626 | Identify the hardware and space that will be needed for a GIS implementation | View |
| 627 | Hypothesize the ways in which capital needs for GIS may change in the future | View |
| 628 | Compare and contrast the relative merits of housing GI systems within IT (information technology) and MIS (management information system) facilities versus keeping them separate | View |
| 629 | Collaborate effectively with various units in an institution to develop efficient hardware and space solutions | View |
| 630 | Identify potential sources of funding (internal and external) for a project or enterprise GIS | View |
| 631 | Analyze previous attempts at funding to identify successful and unsuccessful techniques | View |
| 632 | Create proposals and presentations to secure funding | View |
| 642 | Differentiate between conceptual and logical models, in terms of the level of detail, constraints, and range of information included | View |
| 642 | Differentiate between conceptual and logical models, in terms of the level of detail, constraints, and range of information included | View |
| 643 | Define the cardinality of relationships | View |
| 643 | Define the cardinality of relationships | View |
| 644 | Explain the various types of cardinality | View |
| 644 | Explain the various types of cardinality | View |
| 645 | Distinguish between the temporary and structural relationships in a conceptual model | View |
| 645 | Distinguish between the temporary and structural relationships in a conceptual model | View |
| 646 | Determine which relationships need to be stored explicitly in the database | View |
| 647 | Evaluate the various general data models common in GIS project | View |
| 647 | Evaluate the various general data models common in GIS project | View |
| 648 | Create logical models based on conceptual models using UML or other tools | View |
| 648 | Create logical models based on conceptual models using UML or other tools | View |
| 649 | Differentiate between logical and physical models, in terms of the level of detail, constraints, and range of information included | View |
| 649 | Differentiate between logical and physical models, in terms of the level of detail, constraints, and range of information included | View |
| 650 | Recognize the constraints and opportunities of a particular choice of software for implementing a physical model | View |
| 650 | Recognize the constraints and opportunities of a particular choice of software for implementing a physical model | View |
| 651 | Create UML diagrams of physical models based on logical model diagrams and software requirements | View |
| 651 | Create UML diagrams of physical models based on logical model diagrams and software requirements | View |
| 652 | Create a complete design document ready for implementation | View |
| 652 | Create a complete design document ready for implementation | View |
| 653 | Define basic terms used in the raster data model (e.g., cell, row, column, value) | View |
| 653 | Define basic terms used in the raster data model (e.g., cell, row, column, value) | View |
| 654 | Explain how the raster data model instantiates a grid representation | View |
| 654 | Explain how the raster data model instantiates a grid representation | View |
| 655 | Interpret the header of a standard raster data file | View |
| 655 | Interpret the header of a standard raster data file | View |
| 656 | Compare and contrast the raster with other types of regular tessellations for geographic data storage | View |
| 656 | Compare and contrast the raster with other types of regular tessellations for geographic data storage | View |
| 657 | Compare and contrast the raster with other types of regular tessellations for geographic data analysis | View |
| 657 | Compare and contrast the raster with other types of regular tessellations for geographic data analysis | View |
| 658 | Write a program to read and write a raster data file | View |
| 658 | Write a program to read and write a raster data file | View |
| 659 | Explain how grid representations embody the field-based view | View |
| 659 | Explain how grid representations embody the field-based view | View |
| 660 | Differentiate among a lattice, a tessellation, and a grid | View |
| 660 | Differentiate among a lattice, a tessellation, and a grid | View |
| 661 | Explain how terrain elevation can be represented by a regular tessellation and by an irregular tessellation | View |
| 661 | Explain how terrain elevation can be represented by a regular tessellation and by an irregular tessellation | View |
| 662 | Identify the national framework datasets based on a grid model | View |
| 662 | Identify the national framework datasets based on a grid model | View |
| 663 | Illustrate the existing methods for compressing gridded data (e.g., run length encoding, Lempel-Ziv, wavelets) | View |
| 663 | Illustrate the existing methods for compressing gridded data (e.g., run length encoding, Lempel-Ziv, wavelets) | View |
| 664 | Differentiate between lossy and lossless compression methods | View |
| 664 | Differentiate between lossy and lossless compression methods | View |
| 665 | Evaluate the relative merits of grid compression methods for storage | View |
| 665 | Evaluate the relative merits of grid compression methods for storage | View |
| 666 | Explain the advantage of wavelet compression | View |
| 666 | Explain the advantage of wavelet compression | View |
| 667 | Illustrate the hexagonal model | View |
| 667 | Illustrate the hexagonal model | View |
| 668 | Exemplify the uses (past and potential) of the hexagonal model | View |
| 668 | Exemplify the uses (past and potential) of the hexagonal model | View |
| 669 | Explain the limitations of the grid model compared to the hexagonal model | View |
| 669 | Explain the limitations of the grid model compared to the hexagonal model | View |
| 670 | Describe the architecture of the TIN model | View |
| 670 | Describe the architecture of the TIN model | View |
| 671 | Demonstrate the use of the TIN model for different statistical surfaces (e.g., terrain elevation, population density, disease incidence) in a GIS software application | View |
| 671 | Demonstrate the use of the TIN model for different statistical surfaces (e.g., terrain elevation, population density, disease incidence) in a GIS software application | View |
| 672 | Describe how to generate a unique TIN solution using Delaunay triangulation | View |
| 672 | Describe how to generate a unique TIN solution using Delaunay triangulation | View |
| 673 | Construct a TIN manually from a set of spot elevations | View |
| 673 | Construct a TIN manually from a set of spot elevations | View |
| 674 | Delineate a set of break lines that improve the accuracy of a TIN | View |
| 674 | Delineate a set of break lines that improve the accuracy of a TIN | View |
| 675 | Describe the conditions under which a TIN might be more practical than GRID | View |
| 675 | Describe the conditions under which a TIN might be more practical than GRID | View |
| 676 | Relate the concept of grid cell resolution to the more general concept of support and granularity | View |
| 676 | Relate the concept of grid cell resolution to the more general concept of support and granularity | View |
| 677 | Illustrate the impact of grid cell resolution on the information that can be portrayed | View |
| 677 | Illustrate the impact of grid cell resolution on the information that can be portrayed | View |
| 678 | Evaluate the implications of changing grid cell resolution on the results of analytical applications by using GIS software | View |
| 678 | Evaluate the implications of changing grid cell resolution on the results of analytical applications by using GIS software | View |
| 679 | Evaluate the ease of measuring resolution in different types of tessellations | View |
| 679 | Evaluate the ease of measuring resolution in different types of tessellations | View |
| 680 | Illustrate the quadtree model | View |
| 680 | Illustrate the quadtree model | View |
| 681 | Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the quadtree model for geographic database representation and modeling | View |
| 681 | Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the quadtree model for geographic database representation and modeling | View |
| 682 | Describe alternatives to quadtrees for representing hierarchical tessellations (e.g., hextrees, r-trees, pyramids) | View |
| 682 | Describe alternatives to quadtrees for representing hierarchical tessellations (e.g., hextrees, r-trees, pyramids) | View |
| 683 | Explain how quadtrees and other hierarchical tessellations can be used to index large volumes of raster or vector data | View |
| 683 | Explain how quadtrees and other hierarchical tessellations can be used to index large volumes of raster or vector data | View |
| 684 | Implement a format for encoding quadtrees in a data file | View |
| 684 | Implement a format for encoding quadtrees in a data file | View |
| 685 | Evaluate the positive and negative impacts of this shift from integrated topological models | View |
| 685 | Evaluate the positive and negative impacts of this shift from integrated topological models | View |
| 686 | Define terms related to topology (e.g., adjacency, connectivity, overlap, intersect, logical consistency) | View |
| 686 | Define terms related to topology (e.g., adjacency, connectivity, overlap, intersect, logical consistency) | View |
| 687 | Illustrate a topological relation | View |
| 687 | Illustrate a topological relation | View |
| 688 | Explain the advantages and disadvantages of topological data models | View |
| 688 | Explain the advantages and disadvantages of topological data models | View |
| 689 | Demonstrate how a topological structure can be represented in a relational database structure | View |
| 689 | Demonstrate how a topological structure can be represented in a relational database structure | View |
| 690 | Exemplify the concept of planar enforcement (e.g., TIN triangles) | View |
| 690 | Exemplify the concept of planar enforcement (e.g., TIN triangles) | View |
| 691 | Discuss the role of graph theory in topological structures | View |
| 691 | Discuss the role of graph theory in topological structures | View |
| 692 | Describe the integrity constraints of integrated topological models (e.g., POLYVRT) | View |
| 692 | Describe the integrity constraints of integrated topological models (e.g., POLYVRT) | View |
| 693 | Discuss the historical roots of the Census Bureaus creation of GBF/DIME as the foundation for the development of topological data structures | View |
| 693 | Discuss the historical roots of the Census Bureaus creation of GBF/DIME as the foundation for the development of topological data structures | View |
| 694 | Explain why integrated topological models have lost favor in commercial GIS software | View |
| 694 | Explain why integrated topological models have lost favor in commercial GIS software | View |
| 695 | Discuss some of the difficulties of applying the standard process-pattern concept to lines and networks | View |
| 695 | Discuss some of the difficulties of applying the standard process-pattern concept to lines and networks | View |
| 696 | Define the following terms pertaining to a network: Loops, multiple edges, the degree of a vertex, walk, trail, path, cycle, fundamental cycle | View |
| 696 | Define the following terms pertaining to a network: Loops, multiple edges, the degree of a vertex, walk, trail, path, cycle, fundamental cycle | View |
| 697 | Demonstrate how a network is a connected set of edges and vertices | View |
| 697 | Demonstrate how a network is a connected set of edges and vertices | View |
| 698 | List definitions of networks that apply to specific applications or industries | View |
| 698 | List definitions of networks that apply to specific applications or industries | View |
| 699 | Create an adjacency table from a sample network | View |
| 699 | Create an adjacency table from a sample network | View |
| 700 | Explain how a graph can be written as an adjacency matrix and how this can be used to calculate topological shortest paths in the graph | View |
| 700 | Explain how a graph can be written as an adjacency matrix and how this can be used to calculate topological shortest paths in the graph | View |
| 701 | Create an incidence matrix from a sample network | View |
| 701 | Create an incidence matrix from a sample network | View |
| 702 | Explain how a graph (network) may be directed or undirected | View |
| 702 | Explain how a graph (network) may be directed or undirected | View |
| 703 | Demonstrate how attributes of networks can be used to represent cost, time, distance, or many other measures | View |
| 703 | Demonstrate how attributes of networks can be used to represent cost, time, distance, or many other measures | View |
| 704 | Demonstrate how the star (or forward star) data structure, which is often employed when digitally storing network information, violates relational normal form, but allows for much faster search and retrieval in network databases | View |
| 704 | Demonstrate how the star (or forward star) data structure, which is often employed when digitally storing network information, violates relational normal form, but allows for much faster search and retrieval in network databases | View |
| 705 | Describe the use of based on temporal relationships of objects and space (Crime or disease analyses are examples) | View |
| 706 | Recommend the map projection property that would be useful for various mapping applications, including parcel mapping, route mapping, etc., and justify your recommendations | View |
| 707 | Describe the visual appearance of the Earths graticule | View |
| 708 | Identify and define the four geometric properties of the globe that may be preserved or lost in projected coordinates | View |
| 709 | Explain the concept of a compromise projection and for which purposes it is useful | View |
| 710 | Discuss what a Tissot indicatrix represents and how it can be used to assess projection-induced error | View |
| 711 | Interpret a given a projected graticule, continent outlines, and indicatrixes at each graticule intersection in terms of geometric properties preserved and distorted | View |
| 712 | Illustrate distortion patterns associated with a given projection class | View |
| 713 | Recognize distortion patterns on a map based upon the graticule arrangement | View |
| 714 | Explain the kind of distortion that occurs when raster data are projected | View |
| 715 | Explain the rationale for the selection of the geometric property that is preserved in map projections used as the basis of the UTM and SPC systems | View |
| 716 | Explain the concept developable surface and reference globe as conceptual ways of projecting the Earths surface | View |
| 717 | Classify various map projection types by the three main classes of map projections based on developable surfaces | View |
| 718 | Classify various map projection types according to the geometric properties preserved | View |
| 719 | Illustrate the graticule configurations for other projection classes, such as polyconic, pseudocylindrical, etc. | View |
| 720 | Explain the mathematical basis by which latitude and longitude locations are projected into x and y coordinate space | View |
| 720 | Explain the mathematical basis by which latitude and longitude locations are projected into x and y coordinate space | View |
| 721 | Define key terms such as standard line, projection case, latitude and longitude of origin | View |
| 722 | Explain how the concepts of the tangent and secant cases relate to the idea of a standard line | View |
| 723 | Identify the possible aspects of a projection and describe the graticules appearance in each aspect | View |
| 724 | Identify the parameters that allow one to focus a projection on an area of interest | View |
| 725 | Use GIS software to produce a graticule that matches a target graticule | View |
| 726 | Implement a given map projection formula in a software program that reads geographic coordinates as input and produces projected (x, y) coordinates as output | View |
| 727 | Differentiate rectification and orthorectification | View |
| 728 | Explain the role and selection criteria for ground control points (GCPs) in the georegistration of aerial imagery | View |
| 728 | Explain the role and selection criteria for ground control points (GCPs) in the georegistration of aerial imagery | View |
| 729 | Identify and explain an equation used to perform image-to-map registration | View |
| 730 | Identify and explain an equation used to perform image-to-image registration | View |
| 731 | Use GIS software to transform a given dataset to a specified coordinate system, projection, and datum | View |
| 732 | Explain the phenomenon that is recorded in an aerial image | View |
| 733 | Compare digital and photographic imaging | View |
| 734 | Explain the significance of bit depth in aerial imaging | View |
| 735 | Differentiate oblique and vertical aerial imagery | View |
| 736 | Describe the location and geometric characteristics of the principal point of an aerial image | View |
| 736 | Describe the location and geometric characteristics of the principal point of an aerial image | View |
| 737 | Recognize the distortions and implications of relief displacement and radial distortion in an aerial image | View |
| 738 | Compare common sensors-including LiDAR, and airborne panchromatic and multispectral cameras and scanners-in terms of spatial resolution, spectral sensitivity, ground coverage, and temporal resolution | View |
| 739 | Describe the elements of image interpretation | View |
| 740 | Use photo interpretation keys to interpret features on aerial photographs | View |
| 741 | Using a vertical aerial image, produce a map of land use/land cover classes | View |
| 742 | Calculate the nominal scale of a vertical aerial image | View |
| 743 | Calculate heights and areas of objects and distances between objects shown in a vertical aerial image | View |
| 744 | Explain the relevance of the concept parallax in stereoscopic aerial imagery | View |
| 744 | Explain the relevance of the concept parallax in stereoscopic aerial imagery | View |
| 745 | Outline the sequence of tasks involved in generating an orthoimage from a vertical aerial photograph | View |
| 745 | Outline the sequence of tasks involved in generating an orthoimage from a vertical aerial photograph | View |
| 746 | Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of photogrammetric methods and LiDAR for production of terrain elevation data | View |
| 746 | Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of photogrammetric methods and LiDAR for production of terrain elevation data | View |
| 747 | Specify the technical components of an aerotriangulation system | View |
| 747 | Specify the technical components of an aerotriangulation system | View |
| 748 | Describe the source data, instrumentation, and workflow involved in extracting vector data (features and elevations) from analog and digital stereoimagery | View |
| 749 | Discuss the extent to which vector data extraction from aerial stereoimagery has been automated | View |
| 750 | Discuss future prospects for automated feature extraction from aerial imagery | View |
| 751 | Plan an aerial imagery mission in response to a given RFP and map of a study area, taking into consideration vertical and horizontal control, atmospheric conditions, time of year, and time of day | View |
| 751 | Plan an aerial imagery mission in response to a given RFP and map of a study area, taking into consideration vertical and horizontal control, atmospheric conditions, time of year, and time of day | View |
| 752 | Explain the concepts of spatial resolution, radiometric resolution, and spectral sensitivity | View |
| 753 | Draw and explain a diagram that depicts the key bands of the electromagnetic spectrum in relation to the magnitude of electromagnetic energy emitted and/or reflected by the Sun and Earth across the spectrum | View |
| 754 | Draw and explain a diagram that depicts the bands in the electromagnetic spectrum at which Earths atmosphere is sufficiently transparent to allow high-altitude remote sensing | View |
| 755 | Illustrate the spectral response curves for basic environmental features (e.g., vegetation, concrete, bare soil) | View |
| 755 | Illustrate the spectral response curves for basic environmental features (e.g., vegetation, concrete, bare soil) | View |
| 756 | Describe an application that requires integration of remotely sensed data with GIS and/or GPS data | View |
| 757 | Explain the concept of data fusion in relation to remote sensing applications in GIS and T | View |
| 758 | Compare common sensors by spatial resolution, spectral sensitivity, ground coverage, and temporal resolution [e.g., AVHRR, MODIS (intermediate resolution ~500 m, high temporal) Landsat, commercial high resolution (Ikonos and Quickbird); ... | View |
| 758 | Compare common sensors by spatial resolution, spectral sensitivity, ground coverage, and temporal resolution [e.g., AVHRR, MODIS (intermediate resolution ~500 m, high temporal) Landsat, commercial high resolution (Ikonos and Quickbird); ... | View |
| 759 | Differentiate between active and passive sensors, citing examples of each | View |
| 759 | Differentiate between active and passive sensors, citing examples of each | View |
| 760 | Differentiate push-broom and cross-track scanning technologies | View |
| 760 | Differentiate push-broom and cross-track scanning technologies | View |
| 761 | Explain the principle of multibeam bathymetric mapping | View |
| 761 | Explain the principle of multibeam bathymetric mapping | View |
| 762 | Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of airborne remote sensing versus satellite remote sensing | View |
| 762 | Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of airborne remote sensing versus satellite remote sensing | View |
| 763 | Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of acoustic remote sensing versus airborne or satellite remote sensing for seafloor mapping | View |
| 763 | Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of acoustic remote sensing versus airborne or satellite remote sensing for seafloor mapping | View |
| 764 | Select the most appropriate remotely sensed data source for a given analytical task, study area, budget, and availability | View |
| 764 | Select the most appropriate remotely sensed data source for a given analytical task, study area, budget, and availability | View |
| 765 | Differentiate supervised classification from unsupervised classification | View |
| 766 | Produce pseudocode for common unsupervised classification algorithms including chain method, ISODATA method, and clustering | View |
| 767 | Perform a manual unsupervised classification given a two-dimensional array of reflectance values and ranges of reflectance values associated with a given number of land cover categories | View |
| 768 | Calculate a set of filtered reflectance values for a given array of reflectance values and a digital image filtering algorithm | View |
| 769 | Describe a situation in which filtered data are more useful than the original unfiltered data | View |
| 770 | Describe the sequence of tasks involved in the geometric correction of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Land Dataset | View |
| 770 | Describe the sequence of tasks involved in the geometric correction of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Land Dataset | View |
| 771 | Compare pixel-based image classification methods with segmentation techniques | View |
| 772 | Explain how to enhance contrast of reflectance values clustered within a narrow band of wavelengths | View |
| 773 | Describe an application of hyperspectral image data | View |
| 774 | Explain how U.S. Geological Survey scientists and contractors assess the accuracy of the National Land Cover Dataset | View |
| 775 | Evaluate the thematic accuracy of a given soils map | View |
| 776 | Outline a plausible workflow used by MDA Federal (formerly EarthSat) to create the high-resolution GEOCOVER global imagery and GEOCOVER-LC global land cover datasets | View |
| 777 | Outline a plausible workflow for habitat mapping, such as the benthic habitat mapping in the main Hawaiian Islands as part of the NOAA Biogeography program | View |
| 778 | Describe how sea surface temperatures are mapped | View |
| 779 | Explain how sea surface temperature maps are used to predict El Nino events | View |
| 780 | Digitize and georegister a specified vector feature set to a given geometric accuracy and topological fidelity thresholds using a given map sheet, digitizing tablet, and data entry software | View |
| 780 | Digitize and georegister a specified vector feature set to a given geometric accuracy and topological fidelity thresholds using a given map sheet, digitizing tablet, and data entry software | View |
| 781 | Outline a workflow that can be used to train a new employee to update a county road centerlines database using digital aerial imagery and standard GIS editing tools | View |
| 781 | Outline a workflow that can be used to train a new employee to update a county road centerlines database using digital aerial imagery and standard GIS editing tools | View |
| 782 | Outline the process of scanning and vectorizing features depicted on a printed map sheet using a given GIS software product, emphasizing issues that require manual intervention | View |
| 782 | Outline the process of scanning and vectorizing features depicted on a printed map sheet using a given GIS software product, emphasizing issues that require manual intervention | View |
| 783 | Demonstrate the importance of a clean, relatively error-free database (together with an appropriate geodetic framework) with the use of GIS software | View |
| 783 | Demonstrate the importance of a clean, relatively error-free database (together with an appropriate geodetic framework) with the use of GIS software | View |
| 784 | Modify spatial and attribute data while ensuring consistency within the database | View |
| 784 | Modify spatial and attribute data while ensuring consistency within the database | View |
| 785 | Discuss the implication of long transactions on database integrity | View |
| 785 | Discuss the implication of long transactions on database integrity | View |
| 786 | Exemplify scenarios in which one would need to perform a number of periodic changes in a real GIS database | View |
| 786 | Exemplify scenarios in which one would need to perform a number of periodic changes in a real GIS database | View |
| 787 | Explain how one would establish the criteria for monitoring the periodic changes in a real GIS database | View |
| 787 | Explain how one would establish the criteria for monitoring the periodic changes in a real GIS database | View |
| 788 | Define a set of rules for modeling changes in spatial databases | View |
| 788 | Define a set of rules for modeling changes in spatial databases | View |
| 789 | Describe techniques for handling version control in spatial databases | View |
| 789 | Describe techniques for handling version control in spatial databases | View |
| 790 | Describe techniques for managing long transactions in a multi-user environment | View |
| 790 | Describe techniques for managing long transactions in a multi-user environment | View |
| 791 | Explain why logging and rollback techniques are adequate for managing short transactions | View |
| 791 | Explain why logging and rollback techniques are adequate for managing short transactions | View |
| 792 | Design a test of reliability of change information (e.g., the logical consistency of updates to the TIGER database) | View |
| 792 | Design a test of reliability of change information (e.g., the logical consistency of updates to the TIGER database) | View |
| 793 | Implement a test of reliability of change information | View |
| 793 | Implement a test of reliability of change information | View |
| 794 | Describe an application in which it is crucial to maintain previous versions of the database | View |
| 794 | Describe an application in which it is crucial to maintain previous versions of the database | View |
| 795 | Produce viable queries for change scenarios using GIS or database management tools | View |
| 795 | Produce viable queries for change scenarios using GIS or database management tools | View |
| 796 | Describe existing algorithms designed for performing dynamic queries | View |
| 796 | Describe existing algorithms designed for performing dynamic queries | View |
| 797 | Demonstrate how both the time criticality and the data security might determine whether one performs change detection on-line or off-line in a given scenario | View |
| 797 | Demonstrate how both the time criticality and the data security might determine whether one performs change detection on-line or off-line in a given scenario | View |
| 798 | Exemplify how the lack of a data librarian to manage data can have disastrous consequences on the resulting dataset | View |
| 798 | Exemplify how the lack of a data librarian to manage data can have disastrous consequences on the resulting dataset | View |
| 799 | In contrast to the National Map Accuracy Standard, explain how the spatial accuracy of a digital road centerlines data set may be evaluated and documented | View |
| 799 | In contrast to the National Map Accuracy Standard, explain how the spatial accuracy of a digital road centerlines data set may be evaluated and documented | View |
| 800 | Explain the formula for calculating root mean square error | View |
| 800 | Explain the formula for calculating root mean square error | View |
| 801 | Compare the concepts of geometric accuracy and topological fidelity | View |
| 801 | Compare the concepts of geometric accuracy and topological fidelity | View |
| 802 | Describe how geometric accuracy should be documented in terms of the FGDC metadata standard | View |
| 802 | Describe how geometric accuracy should be documented in terms of the FGDC metadata standard | View |
| 803 | State the geometric accuracies associated with the various orders of the U.S. horizontal geodetic control network | View |
| 803 | State the geometric accuracies associated with the various orders of the U.S. horizontal geodetic control network | View |
| 804 | Explain how geometric accuracies associated with the various orders of the U.S. horizontal geodetic control network are assured | View |
| 804 | Explain how geometric accuracies associated with the various orders of the U.S. horizontal geodetic control network are assured | View |
| 805 | State the approximate number and spacing of control points in each order of the horizontal geodetic control network | View |
| 805 | State the approximate number and spacing of control points in each order of the horizontal geodetic control network | View |
| 806 | Explain the factors that influence the geometric accuracy of data produced with Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers | View |
| 806 | Explain the factors that influence the geometric accuracy of data produced with Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers | View |
| 807 | Explain the concept of dilution of precision | View |
| 807 | Explain the concept of dilution of precision | View |
| 808 | Describe the impact of the concept of dilution of precision on the uncertainty of GPS positioning | View |
| 808 | Describe the impact of the concept of dilution of precision on the uncertainty of GPS positioning | View |
| 809 | Explain the principle of differential correction in relation to the global positioning system | View |
| 809 | Explain the principle of differential correction in relation to the global positioning system | View |
| 810 | Apply the National Map Accuracy Standard to calculate the accuracy associated with the various USGS topographic map scales | View |
| 810 | Apply the National Map Accuracy Standard to calculate the accuracy associated with the various USGS topographic map scales | View |
| 811 | Compare the National Map Accuracy Standard with the ASPRS Coordinate Standard | View |
| 811 | Compare the National Map Accuracy Standard with the ASPRS Coordinate Standard | View |
| 812 | Explain the distinction between thematic accuracy, geometric accuracy, and topological fidelity | View |
| 812 | Explain the distinction between thematic accuracy, geometric accuracy, and topological fidelity | View |
| 813 | Describe the different measurement levels on which thematic accuracy is based | View |
| 813 | Describe the different measurement levels on which thematic accuracy is based | View |
| 814 | Describe the component measures and the utility of a misclassification matrix | View |
| 814 | Describe the component measures and the utility of a misclassification matrix | View |
| 815 | Discuss how measures of spatial autocorrelation may be used to evaluate thematic accuracy | View |
| 815 | Discuss how measures of spatial autocorrelation may be used to evaluate thematic accuracy | View |
| 816 | Outline the SDTS and ISO TC211 standards for thematic accuracy | View |
| 816 | Outline the SDTS and ISO TC211 standards for thematic accuracy | View |
| 817 | Illustrate and explain the distinction between resolution, precision, and accuracy | View |
| 817 | Illustrate and explain the distinction between resolution, precision, and accuracy | View |
| 818 | Illustrate and explain the distinctions between spatial resolution, thematic resolution, and temporal resolution | View |
| 818 | Illustrate and explain the distinctions between spatial resolution, thematic resolution, and temporal resolution | View |
| 819 | Discuss the implications of the sampling theorem (Lambda = 0.5 delta) to the concept of resolution | View |
| 819 | Discuss the implications of the sampling theorem (Lambda = 0.5 delta) to the concept of resolution | View |
| 820 | Differentiate among the spatial, spectral, radiometric, and temporal resolution of a remote sensing instrument | View |
| 820 | Differentiate among the spatial, spectral, radiometric, and temporal resolution of a remote sensing instrument | View |
| 821 | Explain how resampling affects the resolution of image data | View |
| 821 | Explain how resampling affects the resolution of image data | View |
| 822 | Discuss the advantages and potential problems associated with the use of Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) as a measure of the level of detail in land use, land cover, and soils maps | View |
| 822 | Discuss the advantages and potential problems associated with the use of Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) as a measure of the level of detail in land use, land cover, and soils maps | View |
| 823 | Calculate, in terms of ground area, the uncertainty associated with decimal coordinates specified to three, four, and five decimal places | View |
| 823 | Calculate, in terms of ground area, the uncertainty associated with decimal coordinates specified to three, four, and five decimal places | View |
| 824 | Explain the concept of error propagation | View |
| 824 | Explain the concept of error propagation | View |
| 825 | Explain, in general terms, the difference between single and double precision and impacts on error propagation | View |
| 825 | Explain, in general terms, the difference between single and double precision and impacts on error propagation | View |
| 826 | Explain the distinction between primary and secondary data sources in terms of census data, cartographic data, and remotely sensed data | View |
| 826 | Explain the distinction between primary and secondary data sources in terms of census data, cartographic data, and remotely sensed data | View |
| 827 | Describe a scenario in which data from a secondary source may pose obstacles to effective and efficient use | View |
| 827 | Describe a scenario in which data from a secondary source may pose obstacles to effective and efficient use | View |
| 828 | Discuss ways in which the geospatial profession is regulated under the U.S. legal regime | View |
| 828 | Discuss ways in which the geospatial profession is regulated under the U.S. legal regime | View |
| 829 | Compare and contrast and contrast the relationship of the geospatial profession and the U.S. legal regime with similar relationships in other countries | View |
| 829 | Compare and contrast and contrast the relationship of the geospatial profession and the U.S. legal regime with similar relationships in other countries | View |
| 830 | Discuss the status of the concept of privacy in the U.S. legal regime | View |
| 830 | Discuss the status of the concept of privacy in the U.S. legal regime | View |
| 831 | Explain how data aggregation is used to protect personal privacy in data produced by the U.S. Census Bureau | View |
| 831 | Explain how data aggregation is used to protect personal privacy in data produced by the U.S. Census Bureau | View |
| 832 | Explain how conversion of land records data from analog to digital form increases risk to personal privacy | View |
| 832 | Explain how conversion of land records data from analog to digital form increases risk to personal privacy | View |
| 833 | Compare and contrast geographic information technologies that are privacy-invasive, privacy-enhancing, and privacy-sympathetic | View |
| 833 | Compare and contrast geographic information technologies that are privacy-invasive, privacy-enhancing, and privacy-sympathetic | View |
| 834 | Explain the argument that human tracking systems enable geoslavery | View |
| 834 | Explain the argument that human tracking systems enable geoslavery | View |
| 835 | Describe perspectives on the nature and scope of system benefits among agency officials, organizational personnel, and citizens | View |
| 836 | Discuss implications of unequal economic power on the kinds of organizations that use, and benefit from, GIS and T | View |
| 837 | List and describe the types of data maintained by local, state, and federal governments | View |
| 837 | List and describe the types of data maintained by local, state, and federal governments | View |
| 838 | Describe how geospatial data are used and maintained for land use planning, property value assessment, maintenance of public works, and other applications | View |
| 838 | Describe how geospatial data are used and maintained for land use planning, property value assessment, maintenance of public works, and other applications | View |
| 839 | Explain the concept of a spatial decision support system | View |
| 839 | Explain the concept of a spatial decision support system | View |
| 840 | Explain how geospatial information might be used in a taking of private property through a governments claim of its right of eminent domain | View |
| 840 | Explain how geospatial information might be used in a taking of private property through a governments claim of its right of eminent domain | View |
| 841 | Describe a variety of philosophical frameworks upon which codes of professional ethics may be based | View |
| 841 | Describe a variety of philosophical frameworks upon which codes of professional ethics may be based | View |
| 842 | Discuss the ethical implications of a local government's decision to charge fees for its data | View |
| 842 | Discuss the ethical implications of a local government's decision to charge fees for its data | View |
| 843 | Describe a scenario in which you would find it necessary to report misconduct by a colleague or friend | View |
| 843 | Describe a scenario in which you would find it necessary to report misconduct by a colleague or friend | View |
| 844 | Describe the individuals or groups to which GIS and T professionals have ethical obligations | View |
| 844 | Describe the individuals or groups to which GIS and T professionals have ethical obligations | View |
| 845 | Compare and contrast the ethical guidelines promoted by the GIS Certification Institute (GISCI) and the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) | View |
| 845 | Compare and contrast the ethical guidelines promoted by the GIS Certification Institute (GISCI) and the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) | View |
| 846 | Describe the sanctions imposed by ASPRS and GISCI on individuals whose professional actions violate the codes of ethics | View |
| 846 | Describe the sanctions imposed by ASPRS and GISCI on individuals whose professional actions violate the codes of ethics | View |
| 847 | Explain how one or more obligations in the GIS Code of Ethics may conflict with organizations proprietary interests | View |
| 847 | Explain how one or more obligations in the GIS Code of Ethics may conflict with organizations proprietary interests | View |
| 848 | Propose a resolution to a conflict between an obligation in the GIS Code of Ethics and organizations proprietary interests | View |
| 848 | Propose a resolution to a conflict between an obligation in the GIS Code of Ethics and organizations proprietary interests | View |
| 849 | Explain the argument that GIS privileges certain views of the world over others | View |
| 849 | Explain the argument that GIS privileges certain views of the world over others | View |
| 850 | Identify alternatives to the algorithmic way of thinking that characterizes GIS | View |
| 850 | Identify alternatives to the algorithmic way of thinking that characterizes GIS | View |
| 851 | Discuss critiques of GIS as deterministic technology in relation to debates about the Quantitative Revolution in the discipline of geography | View |
| 851 | Discuss critiques of GIS as deterministic technology in relation to debates about the Quantitative Revolution in the discipline of geography | View |
| 852 | Describe the extent to which contemporary GIS and T supports diverse ways of understanding the world | View |
| 852 | Describe the extent to which contemporary GIS and T supports diverse ways of understanding the world | View |
| 853 | Discuss the implications of interoperability on ontology | View |
| 853 | Discuss the implications of interoperability on ontology | View |
| 854 | Defend or refute the argument that the GIS and T professionals are culpable for applications that result in civilian casualties in warfare | View |
| 855 | Defend or refute the argument that the digital divide that characterizes access to GIS and T perpetuates inequities among developed and developing nations, among socio-economic groups, and between individuals, community organizations, ... | View |
| 856 | Discuss the ethical implications of the use of GIS and T as a surveillance technology | View |
| 857 | Defend or refute the contention that the masculinist culture of computer work in general, and GIS work in particular, perpetuates gender inequality in GIS and T education and training and occupational segregation in the GIS and T workforce | View |
| 857 | Defend or refute the contention that the masculinist culture of computer work in general, and GIS work in particular, perpetuates gender inequality in GIS and T education and training and occupational segregation in the GIS and T workforce | View |
| 858 | Explain the argument that GIS and remote sensing foster a disembodied way of knowing the world | View |
| 858 | Explain the argument that GIS and remote sensing foster a disembodied way of knowing the world | View |
| 859 | Discuss the potential role of agency (individual action) in resisting dominant practices and in using GIS and T in ways that are consistent with feminist epistemologies and politics | View |
| 859 | Discuss the potential role of agency (individual action) in resisting dominant practices and in using GIS and T in ways that are consistent with feminist epistemologies and politics | View |
| 860 | Explain the argument that, throughout history, maps have been used to depict social relations | View |
| 860 | Explain the argument that, throughout history, maps have been used to depict social relations | View |
| 861 | Explain how a tax assessors office adoption of GIS and T may affect power relations within a community | View |
| 861 | Explain how a tax assessors office adoption of GIS and T may affect power relations within a community | View |
| 862 | Discuss the production, maintenance, and use of geospatial data by a government agency or private firm from the perspectives of a taxpayer, a community organization, and a member of a minority group | View |
| 862 | Discuss the production, maintenance, and use of geospatial data by a government agency or private firm from the perspectives of a taxpayer, a community organization, and a member of a minority group | View |
| 863 | Explain the argument that GIS is socially constructed | View |
| 863 | Explain the argument that GIS is socially constructed | View |
| 864 | Describe the use of GIS from a political ecology point of view (e.g., consider the use of GIS for resource identification, conservation, and allocation by an NGO in Sub-Saharan Africa) | View |
| 864 | Describe the use of GIS from a political ecology point of view (e.g., consider the use of GIS for resource identification, conservation, and allocation by an NGO in Sub-Saharan Africa) | View |
| 865 | Defend or refute the contention that critical studies have an identifiable influence on the development of the information society in general and GIScience in particular | View |
| 865 | Defend or refute the contention that critical studies have an identifiable influence on the development of the information society in general and GIScience in particular | View |
| 866 | Analyze how using GIS and T as an integrating technology affects different models of management | View |
| 866 | Analyze how using GIS and T as an integrating technology affects different models of management | View |
| 867 | Describe how GI S and T can be used in the decision-making process in organizations dealing with natural resource management, business management, public management or operations management | View |
| 867 | Describe how GI S and T can be used in the decision-making process in organizations dealing with natural resource management, business management, public management or operations management | View |
| 868 | Differentiate an enterprise system from a department-centered GI system | View |
| 868 | Differentiate an enterprise system from a department-centered GI system | View |
| 869 | Explain how GIS and T can be an integrating technology | View |
| 869 | Explain how GIS and T can be an integrating technology | View |
| 870 | Illustrate what functions a support or service center can provide to an organization using GIS and T | View |
| 870 | Illustrate what functions a support or service center can provide to an organization using GIS and T | View |
| 871 | Calculate the estimated schedule required to carry out all of the implementation steps for an enterprise GIS of a given size | View |
| 871 | Calculate the estimated schedule required to carry out all of the implementation steps for an enterprise GIS of a given size | View |
| 872 | Describe the components of a needs assessment for an enterprise GIS | View |
| 872 | Describe the components of a needs assessment for an enterprise GIS | View |
| 873 | Exemplify each component of a needs assessment for an enterprise GIS | View |
| 873 | Exemplify each component of a needs assessment for an enterprise GIS | View |
| 874 | Indicate the possible justifications that can be used to implement an enterprise GIS | View |
| 874 | Indicate the possible justifications that can be used to implement an enterprise GIS | View |
| 875 | List some of the topics that should be addressed in a justification for implementing an enterprise GIS (e.g., return on investment, workflow, knowledge sharing) | View |
| 875 | List some of the topics that should be addressed in a justification for implementing an enterprise GIS (e.g., return on investment, workflow, knowledge sharing) | View |
| 876 | Describe the stages of two different models of implementing a GIS within an organization | View |
| 877 | Describe different organizational models for coordinating GIS and T participants and stakeholders | View |
| 878 | Compare and contrast centralized, federated, and distributed models for managing information infrastructures | View |
| 879 | Describe the roles and relationships of GIS and T support staff | View |
| 880 | Exemplify how to make GIS and T relevant to top managemen | View |
| 881 | Describe the differences between licensing, certification and accreditation in relation to GIS and T positions and qualifications | View |
| 881 | Describe the differences between licensing, certification and accreditation in relation to GIS and T positions and qualifications | View |
| 882 | Discuss the status of professional and academic certification in GIS and T | View |
| 882 | Discuss the status of professional and academic certification in GIS and T | View |
| 883 | Discuss how a code of ethics might be applied within an organization | View |
| 883 | Discuss how a code of ethics might be applied within an organization | View |
| 884 | Explain why it has been difficult for many agencies and organizations to define positions and roles for GIS and T professionals | View |
| 884 | Explain why it has been difficult for many agencies and organizations to define positions and roles for GIS and T professionals | View |
| 885 | Identify the qualifications needed for a particular GIS and T position | View |
| 885 | Identify the qualifications needed for a particular GIS and T position | View |
| 886 | Identify the standard occupational codes that are relevant to GIS and T | View |
| 886 | Identify the standard occupational codes that are relevant to GIS and T | View |
| 887 | Describe issues that may hinder implementation and continued successful operation of a GI system if effective methods of staff development are not included in the process | View |
| 887 | Describe issues that may hinder implementation and continued successful operation of a GI system if effective methods of staff development are not included in the process | View |
| 888 | Outline methods (programs or processes) that provide effective staff development opportunities for GIS and T | View |
| 888 | Outline methods (programs or processes) that provide effective staff development opportunities for GIS and T | View |
| 889 | Compare and contrast training methods utilized in a non-profit to those employed in a local government agency | View |
| 889 | Compare and contrast training methods utilized in a non-profit to those employed in a local government agency | View |
| 890 | Discuss different formats (tutorials, in house, online, instructor lead) for training and how they can be used by organizations | View |
| 890 | Discuss different formats (tutorials, in house, online, instructor lead) for training and how they can be used by organizations | View |
| 891 | Discuss the National Research Council report on Learning to Think Spatially (2005) as it relates to spatial thinking skills needed by the GIS and T workforce | View |
| 891 | Discuss the National Research Council report on Learning to Think Spatially (2005) as it relates to spatial thinking skills needed by the GIS and T workforce | View |
| 892 | Find or create training resources appropriate for GIS and T workforce in a local government organization | View |
| 892 | Find or create training resources appropriate for GIS and T workforce in a local government organization | View |
| 893 | Identify the particular skills necessary for users to perform tasks in three different workforce domains (e.g., small city, medium county agency, a business, or others) | View |
| 893 | Identify the particular skills necessary for users to perform tasks in three different workforce domains (e.g., small city, medium county agency, a business, or others) | View |
| 894 | Illustrate methods that are effective in providing opportunities for education and training when implementing a GIS in a small city | View |
| 894 | Illustrate methods that are effective in providing opportunities for education and training when implementing a GIS in a small city | View |
| 895 | Teach necessary skills for users to successfully perform tasks in an enterprise GIS | View |
| 895 | Teach necessary skills for users to successfully perform tasks in an enterprise GIS | View |
| 896 | Describe political, economic, administrative, and other social forces in agencies, organizations, and citizens that inhibit or promote sharing of geospatial and other data | View |
| 896 | Describe political, economic, administrative, and other social forces in agencies, organizations, and citizens that inhibit or promote sharing of geospatial and other data | View |
| 897 | Explain how clearing houses, metadata, and standards can help facilitate spatial data sharing | View |
| 898 | Explain how privacy and commoditization of data impact influences decisions regarding spatial data infrastructures | View |
| 899 | Compare and contrast the impact effect of time for developing consensus-based standards with immediate operational needs | View |
| 899 | Compare and contrast the impact effect of time for developing consensus-based standards with immediate operational needs | View |
| 900 | Explain how resistance to change affects the adoption of standards in an organization coordinating a GIS | View |
| 900 | Explain how resistance to change affects the adoption of standards in an organization coordinating a GIS | View |
| 901 | Explain how a business case analysis can be used to justify the expense of implementing consensus-based standards | View |
| 901 | Explain how a business case analysis can be used to justify the expense of implementing consensus-based standards | View |
| 902 | Identify organizations that focus on developing standards related to GIS and T | View |
| 902 | Identify organizations that focus on developing standards related to GIS and T | View |
| 903 | Identify standards that are used in GIS and T | View |
| 903 | Identify standards that are used in GIS and T | View |
| 904 | Compare and contrast the missions, histories, constituencies, and activities of professional organizations including Association of American Geographers (AAG), America Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) ... | View |
| 904 | Compare and contrast the missions, histories, constituencies, and activities of professional organizations including Association of American Geographers (AAG), America Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) ... | View |
| 905 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of the GIS Certification Institute (GISCI) | View |
| 905 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of the GIS Certification Institute (GISCI) | View |
| 906 | Identify conferences that are related to GIS and T hosted by professional organizations | View |
| 906 | Identify conferences that are related to GIS and T hosted by professional organizations | View |
| 907 | Assess the involvement of non-GIS companies (e.g., Microsoft, Google) in the geospatial industry | View |
| 907 | Assess the involvement of non-GIS companies (e.g., Microsoft, Google) in the geospatial industry | View |
| 908 | Describe the U.S. geospatial industry including vendors, software, hardware and data | View |
| 908 | Describe the U.S. geospatial industry including vendors, software, hardware and data | View |
| 909 | Describe three applications of geospatial technology for different workforce domains (e.g., first responders, forestry, water resource management, facilities management) | View |
| 909 | Describe three applications of geospatial technology for different workforce domains (e.g., first responders, forestry, water resource management, facilities management) | View |
| 910 | Explain why software products sold by U.S. companies may predominate in foreign markets, including Europe and Australia | View |
| 910 | Explain why software products sold by U.S. companies may predominate in foreign markets, including Europe and Australia | View |
| 911 | Describe possible benefits to an organization by participating in a given society that is related to GIS and T | View |
| 912 | Discuss the value or effect of participation in societies, conferences, and informal communities to entities managing enterprise GIS | View |
| 913 | Identify conferences that are related to GIS and T | View |
| 914 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of University Consortium of Geographic Science (UCGIS) and the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (NCGIA) | View |
| 915 | Discuss the political, cultural, economic, and geographic characteristics of various countries that influence their adoption and use of GIS and T | View |
| 916 | Identify National Science Foundation (NSF) programs that support GIS and T research and education | View |
| 917 | Outline the principle concepts and goals of the digital earth vision articulated in 1998 by Vice President Al Gore | View |
| 918 | Assess the current status of Gores digital earth | View |
| 919 | Describe the data programs provided by organizations such as The National Map, GeoSpatial One Stop, and National Integrated Land System | View |
| 920 | Discuss the mission, history constituencies and activities of international organizations such as Association of Geographic Information Laboratories for Europe (AGILE) and the European GIS Education Seminar (EUGISES) | View |
| 921 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of governmental entities such as the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the Environmental Protection Agency as they related to support... | View |
| 922 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of GeoSpatial One Stop | View |
| 923 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), Inc. | View |
| 924 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of the Nation Integrated Land System (NILS) | View |
| 925 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) | View |
| 926 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of the National Academies of Science Mapping Science Committee | View |
| 927 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of the USGS and its National Map vision | View |
| 928 | Describe how state GIS Councils can be used in enterprise GIS and T implementation processes | View |
| 929 | Determine if your state has a Geospatial Information Office (GIO) and discuss the mission, history, constituencies and activities of a GIO | View |
| 930 | Discuss how informal and formal regional bodies (e.g., Metro GIS) can help support GIS and T in an organization | View |
| 931 | Discuss the mission, history, constituencies, and activities of National States Geographic Information Council (NSGIC) | View |
| 932 | Explain the functions, mission, history, constituencies, and activities of your state GIS Council and related formal and informal bodies | View |
| 933 | Describe the leading academic journals serving the GIS and T community | View |
| 934 | Develop a bibliography of scholarly and professional articles and/or books that are relevant to a particular GIS and T project | View |
| 935 | Select association and for-profit journals that are useful to entities managing enterprise GI systems | View |
| 936 | Select and describe the leading trade journals serving the GIS and T community | View |
| 937 | Explain the principle of along track scanning (pushbroom technology) | View |
| 937 | Explain the principle of along track scanning (pushbroom technology) | View |
| 938 | Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the pushbroom system | View |
| 938 | Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the pushbroom system | View |
| 939 | Design workflows, procedures, and customized software tools for using geospatial technologies and methods | View |
| 939 | Design workflows, procedures, and customized software tools for using geospatial technologies and methods | View |
| 940 | Develop effective mathematical and other models of spatial situations and processes | View |
| 940 | Develop effective mathematical and other models of spatial situations and processes | View |
| 941 | Understand spatial data models and structures | View |
| 941 | Understand spatial data models and structures | View |
| 942 | Design databases for spatial data management | View |
| 942 | Design databases for spatial data management | View |
| 944 | Demonstrate why the system design is important in any GIS implementation | View |
| 944 | Demonstrate why the system design is important in any GIS implementation | View |
| 945 | Interpret business needs and translate them to IT needs | View |
| 945 | Interpret business needs and translate them to IT needs | View |
| 946 | Interpret user needs as an input for the design process | View |
| 946 | Interpret user needs as an input for the design process | View |
| 947 | Model project workflows | View |
| 947 | Model project workflows | View |
| 948 | Identify user locations, network connectivity, and data center server locations | View |
| 948 | Identify user locations, network connectivity, and data center server locations | View |
| 949 | Analyse suitability of a network | View |
| 949 | Analyse suitability of a network | View |
| 950 | Identify data center platform tier configuration and identify platform selection for each tier | View |
| 950 | Identify data center platform tier configuration and identify platform selection for each tier | View |
| 951 | Identify platform assignment for each workflow software component peak transaction processing load | View |
| 951 | Identify platform assignment for each workflow software component peak transaction processing load | View |
| 952 | Define a methodology for gathering of requirements | View |
| 952 | Define a methodology for gathering of requirements | View |
| 953 | Build a mechanism for converting the requirements into a product | View |
| 953 | Build a mechanism for converting the requirements into a product | View |
| 954 | Select from conflicting requirements | View |
| 954 | Select from conflicting requirements | View |
| 955 | Develop use cases for potential applications using established techniques with potential users, such as questionnaires, interviews, focus groups, the Delphi method, and/or joint application development | View |
| 955 | Develop use cases for potential applications using established techniques with potential users, such as questionnaires, interviews, focus groups, the Delphi method, and/or joint application development | View |
| 956 | Determine how to integrate or combine the proposed workflow with current applications running | View |
| 956 | Determine how to integrate or combine the proposed workflow with current applications running | View |
| 957 | Report existing and potential tasks in terms of workflow and information flow | View |
| 957 | Report existing and potential tasks in terms of workflow and information flow | View |
| 958 | Assess the relative importance and immediacy of the requirements | View |
| 958 | Assess the relative importance and immediacy of the requirements | View |
| 959 | Compile the needs of individual users and tasks into enterprise-wide needs | View |
| 959 | Compile the needs of individual users and tasks into enterprise-wide needs | View |
| 960 | Illustrate how a business process analysis can be used to identify requirements during a GIS implementation | View |
| 960 | Illustrate how a business process analysis can be used to identify requirements during a GIS implementation | View |
| 961 | Differentiate between software functional and non-functional requirements specification | View |
| 962 | Manage requirements using a management tool (such as Trello, JIRA, etc.) | View |
| 962 | Manage requirements using a management tool (such as Trello, JIRA, etc.) | View |
| 963 | Document existing and potential tasks in terms of workflow and information flow | View |
| 963 | Document existing and potential tasks in terms of workflow and information flow | View |
| 964 | Illustrate how a business process analysis can be used to identify requirements during a GIS implementation | View |
| 965 | Describe how spatial data and GIS&T can be integrated into a workflow process | View |
| 965 | Describe how spatial data and GIS&T can be integrated into a workflow process | View |
| 966 | Select among the most appropriate method for documenting a certain process | View |
| 966 | Select among the most appropriate method for documenting a certain process | View |
| 967 | Create a user manual to help users understand a process or task | View |
| 967 | Create a user manual to help users understand a process or task | View |
| 968 | Choose the best symbols for representing different attributes | View |
| 968 | Choose the best symbols for representing different attributes | View |
| 969 | Design icons suitable for mapping different elements | View |
| 969 | Design icons suitable for mapping different elements | View |
| 970 | Interpret different symbols and icons in a map | View |
| 970 | Interpret different symbols and icons in a map | View |
| 971 | Relate the spatial dimension and the weight of mapped features with the attributes they represent | View |
| 971 | Relate the spatial dimension and the weight of mapped features with the attributes they represent | View |
| 972 | Create an aesthetic map icon library | View |
| 972 | Create an aesthetic map icon library | View |
| 973 | Select a color palette appropriate for a representation | View |
| 973 | Select a color palette appropriate for a representation | View |
| 974 | Identify the most appropriate color palette for an online map for visually-impaired people | View |
| 974 | Identify the most appropriate color palette for an online map for visually-impaired people | View |
| 975 | Identify the most appropriate color palette for a printed map for visually-impaired people | View |
| 975 | Identify the most appropriate color palette for a printed map for visually-impaired people | View |
| 976 | Evaluate the colors used in a web map to be used indoors and outdoors | View |
| 976 | Evaluate the colors used in a web map to be used indoors and outdoors | View |
| 977 | Select the most appropriate place in a map to place a label and a legend | View |
| 977 | Select the most appropriate place in a map to place a label and a legend | View |
| 978 | Solve ambiguities in map label by selecting the most appropriate typography | View |
| 978 | Solve ambiguities in map label by selecting the most appropriate typography | View |
| 979 | Transform imagery into radiometrically/atmospherically corrected state | View |
| 979 | Transform imagery into radiometrically/atmospherically corrected state | View |
| 980 | Apply EO metadata to satellite image to convert digital numbers (DN) of pixels into top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance values | View |
| 980 | Apply EO metadata to satellite image to convert digital numbers (DN) of pixels into top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance values | View |
| 981 | Understand sun, sun angle, and sensor parameters that influence top of atmosphere (TOA) reflectance | View |
| 981 | Understand sun, sun angle, and sensor parameters that influence top of atmosphere (TOA) reflectance | View |
| 982 | Atmospherically correct remotely sensed data to derive bottom of atmosphere (BOA) reflectance values from TOA data with the use of an appropriate radiative transfer modelling technique | View |
| 982 | Atmospherically correct remotely sensed data to derive bottom of atmosphere (BOA) reflectance values from TOA data with the use of an appropriate radiative transfer modelling technique | View |
| 983 | Understand atmospheric parameters that influence bottom of atmosphere (BOA) reflectance | View |
| 983 | Understand atmospheric parameters that influence bottom of atmosphere (BOA) reflectance | View |
| 984 | Choose and apply a method for atmospheric radiative transfer modelling like ATCOR | View |
| 984 | Choose and apply a method for atmospheric radiative transfer modelling like ATCOR | View |
| 985 | Produce a surface corrected version of image values from BOA reflectance that removes topographic effects based on an input DSM and equations representing the relationship between sun incidence angle relative to terrain surface orientation | View |
| 985 | Produce a surface corrected version of image values from BOA reflectance that removes topographic effects based on an input DSM and equations representing the relationship between sun incidence angle relative to terrain surface orientation | View |
| 986 | Create a set of ground control points tying image coordinates to map coordinates of a reference dataset using a digital reference dataset or in-situ GPS measurements | View |
| 986 | Create a set of ground control points tying image coordinates to map coordinates of a reference dataset using a digital reference dataset or in-situ GPS measurements | View |
| 987 | Apply rational polynomial coefficients (RPCs) to refine georeference of satellite images | View |
| 987 | Apply rational polynomial coefficients (RPCs) to refine georeference of satellite images | View |
| 988 | Understand how root mean squared error (RMSE) at tie points represents local spatial accuracy and enables calculation of total RMSE that informs about the average spatial accuracy of the entire image | View |
| 988 | Understand how root mean squared error (RMSE) at tie points represents local spatial accuracy and enables calculation of total RMSE that informs about the average spatial accuracy of the entire image | View |
| 989 | Apply transformation of image coordinates to map coordinates in dedicated spatial reference system to generate an orthorectified image | View |
| 990 | Understand spatial reference systems and apply them to an EO dataset | View |
| 990 | Understand spatial reference systems and apply them to an EO dataset | View |
| 991 | Transform an EO dataset to map coordinates using a registered image of like geometry as a reference | View |
| 991 | Transform an EO dataset to map coordinates using a registered image of like geometry as a reference | View |
| 992 | Apply pan-sharpening to an image according to metadata settings | View |
| 992 | Apply pan-sharpening to an image according to metadata settings | View |
| 993 | Measure reflectance of surfaces of vegetation types and other thematic classes in the field | View |
| 993 | Measure reflectance of surfaces of vegetation types and other thematic classes in the field | View |
| 994 | Compare reflectance measurements from the field to reflectance values in radiometrically pre-processed EO data | View |
| 994 | Compare reflectance measurements from the field to reflectance values in radiometrically pre-processed EO data | View |
| 995 | Having in-depth knowledge of two of the three Copernicus-relevant topics: Land monitoring, Emergency response including Humanitarian action, and Climate change | View |
| 995 | Having in-depth knowledge of two of the three Copernicus-relevant topics: Land monitoring, Emergency response including Humanitarian action, and Climate change | View |
| 996 | designing the description of a service for the need of a particular user of EO information | View |
| 996 | designing the description of a service for the need of a particular user of EO information | View |
| 997 | Explain a use case of EO for smart cities, e.g. how EO derived information about urban green instrastructure supports designing nature based solutions for preserving ecosystem services | View |
| 997 | Explain a use case of EO for smart cities, e.g. how EO derived information about urban green instrastructure supports designing nature based solutions for preserving ecosystem services | View |
| 998 | Determine requirements and quality criteria for an EO information product that serves spatial planners in monitoring soil sealing | View |
| 998 | Determine requirements and quality criteria for an EO information product that serves spatial planners in monitoring soil sealing | View |
| 1000 | Describe the importance of geometric correction when using Earth Observation data | View |
| 1000 | Describe the importance of geometric correction when using Earth Observation data | View |
| 1001 | Explain the main causes of geometric distortions | View |
| 1001 | Explain the main causes of geometric distortions | View |
| 1002 | Understand the importance of georeferencing for spatial data analysis | View |
| 1003 | Explain the results of an SDI assessment | View |
| 1003 | Explain the results of an SDI assessment | View |
| 1004 | Compare different frameworks for assessing Spatial Data Infrastructures | View |
| 1004 | Compare different frameworks for assessing Spatial Data Infrastructures | View |
| 1005 | Design an SDI assessment framework and methodology for assessing and evaluating an SDI | View |
| 1005 | Design an SDI assessment framework and methodology for assessing and evaluating an SDI | View |
| 1006 | Describe the main advantages of object-based image analysis methods | View |
| 1006 | Describe the main advantages of object-based image analysis methods | View |
| 1007 | List the main segmentation methods used to group similar pixels into homogeneous objects | View |
| 1007 | List the main segmentation methods used to group similar pixels into homogeneous objects | View |
| 1008 | Identify physical, semantic and spatial properties used to assigned objects to the target classes | View |
| 1008 | Identify physical, semantic and spatial properties used to assigned objects to the target classes | View |
| 1009 | Explain the advantages and limitations of rule-based classification method | View |
| 1009 | Explain the advantages and limitations of rule-based classification method | View |
| 1010 | Apply object-based image analysis methods for extracting information from optical imagery | View |
| 1010 | Apply object-based image analysis methods for extracting information from optical imagery | View |
| 1011 | Develop and implement an object-based image analysis workflow for a specific application context | View |
| 1011 | Develop and implement an object-based image analysis workflow for a specific application context | View |
| 1012 | Explain the importance of visualisation of cartographic materials over time | View |
| 1012 | Explain the importance of visualisation of cartographic materials over time | View |
| 1013 | Relate the science and technology of graphical representation of geographic data | View |
| 1013 | Relate the science and technology of graphical representation of geographic data | View |
| 1014 | Choose from different options to create a map | View |
| 1014 | Choose from different options to create a map | View |
| 1015 | Propose a holistic historical perspective of maps creation and use | View |
| 1015 | Propose a holistic historical perspective of maps creation and use | View |
| 1016 | Correlate map making methods with technological or societal factors across History | View |
| 1016 | Correlate map making methods with technological or societal factors across History | View |
| 1017 | Discuss about the History of Cartography in different cultures | View |
| 1017 | Discuss about the History of Cartography in different cultures | View |
| 1018 | Illustrate the evolution of Cartography in different periods of time | View |
| 1018 | Illustrate the evolution of Cartography in different periods of time | View |
| 1019 | Interpret the impact of paper-based and web maps in their context | View |
| 1019 | Interpret the impact of paper-based and web maps in their context | View |
| 1020 | Discuss the relationship between the history of exploration and the development of a more accurate map of the world | View |
| 1020 | Discuss the relationship between the history of exploration and the development of a more accurate map of the world | View |
| 1021 | List the costs and benefits (tangible or intangible) of implementing a GI project | View |
| 1021 | List the costs and benefits (tangible or intangible) of implementing a GI project | View |
| 1022 | Identify major obstacles to the success of a GIS proposal | View |
| 1022 | Identify major obstacles to the success of a GIS proposal | View |
| 1023 | Cite software licenses | View |
| 1023 | Cite software licenses | View |
| 1024 | Identify the positions necessary to design and implement a GIS project / GI unit | View |
| 1024 | Identify the positions necessary to design and implement a GIS project / GI unit | View |
| 1025 | Apply methods for organising and budgeting resources | View |
| 1025 | Apply methods for organising and budgeting resources | View |
| 1026 | Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing elements of a GIS project / GI system | View |
| 1026 | Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing elements of a GIS project / GI system | View |
| 1027 | Create proposals and presentations to secure funding | View |
| 1027 | Create proposals and presentations to secure funding | View |
| 1028 | Compare different design choices in developing spatial simulation models | View |
| 1028 | Compare different design choices in developing spatial simulation models | View |
| 1029 | Discuss different ways of simulating space and visualizing model behaviour | View |
| 1029 | Discuss different ways of simulating space and visualizing model behaviour | View |
| 1030 | Explain how spatial simulation models can be used to advance scientific knowledge in different geographic scenarios (e.g. transportation, health geography, urban and regional analysis) | View |
| 1030 | Explain how spatial simulation models can be used to advance scientific knowledge in different geographic scenarios (e.g. transportation, health geography, urban and regional analysis) | View |
| 1031 | Perform a simulation experiment using available simulation software | View |
| 1031 | Perform a simulation experiment using available simulation software | View |
| 1032 | Explain geocomputation, related concepts and how the two relate | View |
| 1032 | Explain geocomputation, related concepts and how the two relate | View |
| 1033 | Identify and compare the scenarios on which geocomputation methods are relevant | View |
| 1033 | Identify and compare the scenarios on which geocomputation methods are relevant | View |
| 1034 | Understand how the theoretical roots and experimental emphasis on geocomputation are integrated | View |
| 1034 | Understand how the theoretical roots and experimental emphasis on geocomputation are integrated | View |
| 1035 | Understand complexity in the broadest sense | View |
| 1035 | Understand complexity in the broadest sense | View |
| 1036 | Outline the role of computational science in geocomputation | View |
| 1036 | Outline the role of computational science in geocomputation | View |
| 1037 | Illustrate the relationships between geocomputation with other terms, disciplines and areas of knowledge | View |
| 1037 | Illustrate the relationships between geocomputation with other terms, disciplines and areas of knowledge | View |
| 1038 | Understand how geocomputation relates to other similar terms | View |
| 1038 | Understand how geocomputation relates to other similar terms | View |
| 1039 | Identify the types of geography problems geocomputation solves | View |
| 1039 | Identify the types of geography problems geocomputation solves | View |
| 1040 | Identify commonalities and patterns of geocomputation | View |
| 1040 | Identify commonalities and patterns of geocomputation | View |
| 1041 | Compare commonalities and patterns of geocomputation to other related terms | View |
| 1041 | Compare commonalities and patterns of geocomputation to other related terms | View |
| 1042 | Define and discuss opportunities and limitations of computational science | View |
| 1042 | Define and discuss opportunities and limitations of computational science | View |
| 1043 | Examine how computational technology relates to geocomputation | View |
| 1043 | Examine how computational technology relates to geocomputation | View |
| 1044 | Understand the all-encompassing concepts of complexity | View |
| 1044 | Understand the all-encompassing concepts of complexity | View |
| 1045 | Understand how complex systems operate | View |
| 1045 | Understand how complex systems operate | View |
| 1046 | Interpret how individual parts contained in a complex system relate to each other | View |
| 1046 | Interpret how individual parts contained in a complex system relate to each other | View |
| 1047 | Outline the complex problems where geocomputation is relevant | View |
| 1047 | Outline the complex problems where geocomputation is relevant | View |
| 1048 | Understand the defining characteristics of simulation models, and their applicability | View |
| 1048 | Understand the defining characteristics of simulation models, and their applicability | View |
| 1049 | Explain the role and purpose of computer simulation methods in geocomputation | View |
| 1049 | Explain the role and purpose of computer simulation methods in geocomputation | View |
| 1050 | Explain the process simulation model development | View |
| 1050 | Explain the process simulation model development | View |
| 1051 | Evaluate the tradeoffs between abstraction and representativeness in simulation model development | View |
| 1051 | Evaluate the tradeoffs between abstraction and representativeness in simulation model development | View |
| 1052 | Differentiate between individual and aggregate models | View |
| 1052 | Differentiate between individual and aggregate models | View |
| 1053 | Understand how models are translated into differential equations for execution | View |
| 1053 | Understand how models are translated into differential equations for execution | View |
| 1054 | Explain what a cellular automata is and what its key components are | View |
| 1054 | Explain what a cellular automata is and what its key components are | View |
| 1055 | Identify cellular automata principles and pattern | View |
| 1055 | Identify cellular automata principles and pattern | View |
| 1056 | Assess cellular automata for modeling geographical systems | View |
| 1056 | Assess cellular automata for modeling geographical systems | View |
| 1057 | Transform satellite image from image coordinates to map coordinates of a reference dataset | View |
| 1058 | Explain what an agent-based model is and what its key components are | View |
| 1058 | Explain what an agent-based model is and what its key components are | View |
| 1059 | Identify agent-based modelling principles and methodologies | View |
| 1059 | Identify agent-based modelling principles and methodologies | View |
| 1060 | Assess agent-based models for simulating spatio-temporal systems | View |
| 1060 | Assess agent-based models for simulating spatio-temporal systems | View |
| 1061 | Discuss concepts of space-time dynamics for spatial modeling | View |
| 1061 | Discuss concepts of space-time dynamics for spatial modeling | View |
| 1062 | Interpret when space-time dynamics can be used to study geographical phenomen | View |
| 1062 | Interpret when space-time dynamics can be used to study geographical phenomen | View |
| 1063 | Compare different options of combining space-time dynamics approaches in spatial modelling | View |
| 1063 | Compare different options of combining space-time dynamics approaches in spatial modelling | View |
| 1064 | Understand how models can be specified into logical rules | View |
| 1064 | Understand how models can be specified into logical rules | View |
| 1065 | Evaluate when rule-based models can be applied to spatiotemporal problems | View |
| 1065 | Evaluate when rule-based models can be applied to spatiotemporal problems | View |
| 1066 | Discuss options of combining rule-based models with other individual modelling approaches | View |
| 1066 | Discuss options of combining rule-based models with other individual modelling approaches | View |
| 1067 | Describe properties of a particular DEM product | View |
| 1067 | Describe properties of a particular DEM product | View |
| 1068 | Select an appropriate DEM product for usage in a specific application | View |
| 1068 | Select an appropriate DEM product for usage in a specific application | View |
| 1069 | Explain how the Urban Atlas product quality depends on its source EO data and how this affects its usage for urban planning. | View |
| 1069 | Explain how the Urban Atlas product quality depends on its source EO data and how this affects its usage for urban planning. | View |
| 1070 | Generate high quality time series by removing clouds and cloud shadows from the available images | View |
| 1070 | Generate high quality time series by removing clouds and cloud shadows from the available images | View |
| 1071 | Apply various phenology metrics to map target land cover classes | View |
| 1071 | Apply various phenology metrics to map target land cover classes | View |
| 1072 | Identify anomalies by means of surface properties such as evapotranspiration (ET) or land surface temperature (LST) derived from satellite image time series | View |
| 1072 | Identify anomalies by means of surface properties such as evapotranspiration (ET) or land surface temperature (LST) derived from satellite image time series | View |
| 1073 | Estimate the potential value of a historical map | View |
| 1073 | Estimate the potential value of a historical map | View |
| 1074 | Convert historical maps in digital format | View |
| 1074 | Convert historical maps in digital format | View |
| 1075 | Demonstrate how to georeference an historical map | View |
| 1075 | Demonstrate how to georeference an historical map | View |
| 1076 | Discuss about the relationship between art and cartography | View |
| 1076 | Discuss about the relationship between art and cartography | View |
| 1077 | Illustrate with examples the relationship between art and cartography at different historical moments | View |
| 1077 | Illustrate with examples the relationship between art and cartography at different historical moments | View |
| 1078 | Discuss how maps express relations of power | View |
| 1078 | Discuss how maps express relations of power | View |
| 1079 | Discuss about the degree of subjectivity and/or objectivity of a map | View |
| 1079 | Discuss about the degree of subjectivity and/or objectivity of a map | View |
| 1080 | Create two versions of the same map addressed to different targets | View |
| 1080 | Create two versions of the same map addressed to different targets | View |
| 1081 | Construct a new map from an existing one with a biased view | View |
| 1081 | Construct a new map from an existing one with a biased view | View |
| 1082 | Knowledge of the basic (selective) mechanism of the absorption/emission of electromagnetic radiation by atoms. | View |
| 1082 | Knowledge of the basic (selective) mechanism of the absorption/emission of electromagnetic radiation by atoms. | View |
| 1083 | Choose or define a new image extent to extract an image subset for further analysis | View |
| 1083 | Choose or define a new image extent to extract an image subset for further analysis | View |
| 1084 | Generate a layer stack from bands of various EO data sources | View |
| 1084 | Generate a layer stack from bands of various EO data sources | View |
| 1085 | Apply an interpretation key to visually digitize land cover in an optical EO image | View |
| 1085 | Apply an interpretation key to visually digitize land cover in an optical EO image | View |
| 1086 | Explain how the NDVI relates to vegetation activity/health | View |
| 1086 | Explain how the NDVI relates to vegetation activity/health | View |
| 1087 | Explain the main two phases of the LCCS approach to land cover classification | View |
| 1087 | Explain the main two phases of the LCCS approach to land cover classification | View |
| 1088 | Explain the benefits of a flexible hierarchical classification system like LCCS | View |
| 1088 | Explain the benefits of a flexible hierarchical classification system like LCCS | View |
| 1089 | Explain an application example where SVM is used for EO image classification | View |
| 1089 | Explain an application example where SVM is used for EO image classification | View |
| 1090 | Develop strategies and policies | View |
| 1090 | Develop strategies and policies | View |
| 1091 | Plan and design project implementations | View |
| 1091 | Plan and design project implementations | View |
| 1092 | Categorize different types of changes that can be identified from multitemporal images | View |
| 1092 | Categorize different types of changes that can be identified from multitemporal images | View |
| 1093 | Analyse and understand impact / consequences. | View |
| 1093 | Analyse and understand impact / consequences. | View |
| 1094 | Analyse atmospheric EO measurements | View |
| 1094 | Analyse atmospheric EO measurements | View |
| 1095 | Compare human-induced emissions to natural sources | View |
| 1095 | Compare human-induced emissions to natural sources | View |
| 1096 | Use EO products to forecast sunlight exposure | View |
| 1096 | Use EO products to forecast sunlight exposure | View |
| 1097 | Assess climate forecasts and projections | View |
| 1097 | Assess climate forecasts and projections | View |
| 1098 | Use EO products to conduct forecasts and projections | View |
| 1098 | Use EO products to conduct forecasts and projections | View |
| 1099 | Use EO products to conduct numerical simulations | View |
| 1099 | Use EO products to conduct numerical simulations | View |
| 1100 | Understand how numerical prediction models work | View |
| 1100 | Understand how numerical prediction models work | View |
| 1101 | Interpret the output of numerical prediction models | View |
| 1101 | Interpret the output of numerical prediction models | View |
| 1102 | Use EO products to assess the risk of a disaster | View |
| 1102 | Use EO products to assess the risk of a disaster | View |
| 1103 | Use EO products to monitor disaster prone areas | View |
| 1103 | Use EO products to monitor disaster prone areas | View |
| 1104 | Use EO products to measure impact and/or recovery | View |
| 1104 | Use EO products to measure impact and/or recovery | View |
| 1105 | Assess EO measurements of affected area | View |
| 1105 | Assess EO measurements of affected area | View |
| 1106 | Plan emergency response actions | View |
| 1106 | Plan emergency response actions | View |
| 1107 | Use EO products to assess land areas, its ecosystems, and its evolution | View |
| 1107 | Use EO products to assess land areas, its ecosystems, and its evolution | View |
| 1108 | Use EO products to plan land areas, its ecosystems, and its evolution | View |
| 1108 | Use EO products to plan land areas, its ecosystems, and its evolution | View |
| 1109 | Evaluate the impact of changes in land areas | View |
| 1109 | Evaluate the impact of changes in land areas | View |
| 1110 | Analyse the suitability of the land area | View |
| 1110 | Analyse the suitability of the land area | View |
| 1111 | Explain how a specific EO technology supports the assessments of disasters and geohazards | View |
| 1111 | Explain how a specific EO technology supports the assessments of disasters and geohazards | View |
| 1112 | Explain the advantages of object-based classification approaches over pixel-based approaches | View |
| 1112 | Explain the advantages of object-based classification approaches over pixel-based approaches | View |
| 1113 | Relate the spatial and spectral characteristics of EO data to the types and proportions of materials found within the scene and within pixel IFOVs to relabel spectral classes as information classes of a classification scheme | View |
| 1113 | Relate the spatial and spectral characteristics of EO data to the types and proportions of materials found within the scene and within pixel IFOVs to relabel spectral classes as information classes of a classification scheme | View |
| 1114 | Explain how stereoscopic imagery allows to derive an orthorectified image for the overlapping image areas | View |
| 1114 | Explain how stereoscopic imagery allows to derive an orthorectified image for the overlapping image areas | View |
| 1115 | Explain how a set of overlapping images/satellite scenes can provide digital elevation models used for orthorectification and 3D modelling | View |
| 1115 | Explain how a set of overlapping images/satellite scenes can provide digital elevation models used for orthorectification and 3D modelling | View |
| 1116 | Explain how band maths can be applied to derive an index that indicates a specific land cover type like vegetation | View |
| 1116 | Explain how band maths can be applied to derive an index that indicates a specific land cover type like vegetation | View |
| 1117 | Explain why radiometric correction is a key requirement for deriving indices with band maths | View |
| 1117 | Explain why radiometric correction is a key requirement for deriving indices with band maths | View |
| 1118 | Explain which principles a segmentation should follow to arrive at meaningful objects that are appropriate for a specific application | View |
| 1118 | Explain which principles a segmentation should follow to arrive at meaningful objects that are appropriate for a specific application | View |
| 1119 | Understand the information that has been derived from EO products | View |
| 1120 | Explain to customers the information derived from EO | View |
| 1120 | Explain to customers the information derived from EO | View |
| 1121 | Understand the strategic meaning of DIAS in the user segment of Copernicus | View |
| 1121 | Understand the strategic meaning of DIAS in the user segment of Copernicus | View |
| 1122 | Explain the advantages of cloud-based processing over downloading and processing data locally | View |
| 1122 | Explain the advantages of cloud-based processing over downloading and processing data locally | View |
| 1123 | List specifics competitive DIAS solutions over other | View |
| 1123 | List specifics competitive DIAS solutions over other | View |
| 1124 | Understand how positional/geometric accuracy of a dataset affects subsequent analysis | View |
| 1124 | Understand how positional/geometric accuracy of a dataset affects subsequent analysis | View |
| 1125 | Choose or define a new image extent to extract an image subset for further analysis | View |
| 1126 | Explain how the SAVI relates to soil and vegetation properties | View |
| 1126 | Explain how the SAVI relates to soil and vegetation properties | View |
| 1127 | Explain how the NDSI relates to snow properties | View |
| 1127 | Explain how the NDSI relates to snow properties | View |
| 1128 | Explain an application example where the spectral indices are used for vegetation, water or snow monitoring | View |
| 1128 | Explain an application example where the spectral indices are used for vegetation, water or snow monitoring | View |
| 1129 | Examine how the vegetation indices relates to the vegetation dynamics and health | View |
| 1129 | Examine how the vegetation indices relates to the vegetation dynamics and health | View |
| 1130 | Examine how the water-related spectral indices relates to changes in the vegetation and soil water content | View |
| 1130 | Examine how the water-related spectral indices relates to changes in the vegetation and soil water content | View |
| 1131 | Explain how fourier transformation is used to reduce noise in optical imagery | View |
| 1131 | Explain how fourier transformation is used to reduce noise in optical imagery | View |
| 1132 | Explain how a histogram is derived from an EO image | View |
| 1132 | Explain how a histogram is derived from an EO image | View |
| 1133 | Select a contrast stretch for an image | View |
| 1133 | Select a contrast stretch for an image | View |
| 1134 | Identify and explain methods of image enhancement | View |
| 1134 | Identify and explain methods of image enhancement | View |
| 1135 | Apply preparatory data manipulation | View |
| 1135 | Apply preparatory data manipulation | View |
| 1136 | Convert multispectral image into its principal components | View |
| 1136 | Convert multispectral image into its principal components | View |
| 1138 | Explain the purpose of image pre-processing | View |
| 1138 | Explain the purpose of image pre-processing | View |
| 1139 | Explain an image pre-processing method | View |
| 1140 | Apply Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) to reduce the number of bands in a hyperspectral image | View |
| 1140 | Apply Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) to reduce the number of bands in a hyperspectral image | View |
| 1141 | Identify different types of noise and associated methods for their reduction | View |
| 1141 | Identify different types of noise and associated methods for their reduction | View |
| 1142 | Explain the role of Gram-Schmidt vector orthogonalization in pan-sharpening | View |
| 1142 | Explain the role of Gram-Schmidt vector orthogonalization in pan-sharpening | View |
| 1143 | Outline the workflow for pan-sharpening an image with the PCA method | View |
| 1143 | Outline the workflow for pan-sharpening an image with the PCA method | View |
| 1144 | Explain how image processing and analysis methods are used to derive geospatial information from Earth observation imagery | View |
| 1144 | Explain how image processing and analysis methods are used to derive geospatial information from Earth observation imagery | View |
| 1145 | Explain how minimum noise fraction makes use of principal components analysis for dimensionality reduction | View |
| 1145 | Explain how minimum noise fraction makes use of principal components analysis for dimensionality reduction | View |
| 1146 | Compare different strategies of data assimilation | View |
| 1146 | Compare different strategies of data assimilation | View |
| 1147 | Identify image fusion techniques to fill gaps in image time series caused by clouds and cloud shadow | View |
| 1147 | Identify image fusion techniques to fill gaps in image time series caused by clouds and cloud shadow | View |
| 1148 | Understand how data augmentation can improve deep learning methods for image classification | View |
| 1148 | Understand how data augmentation can improve deep learning methods for image classification | View |
| 1149 | Discuss imputation methods for filling in missing data | View |
| 1149 | Discuss imputation methods for filling in missing data | View |
| 1150 | Generate fine-scale images at a high temporal resolution with a spatio-temporal image fusion method | View |
| 1150 | Generate fine-scale images at a high temporal resolution with a spatio-temporal image fusion method | View |
| 1151 | Explain how EO applications targeting several countries at once can profit from data harmonisation | View |
| 1151 | Explain how EO applications targeting several countries at once can profit from data harmonisation | View |
| 1152 | Create an integrated population distribution map from census data and EO-based land use classification | View |
| 1152 | Create an integrated population distribution map from census data and EO-based land use classification | View |
| 1153 | Discuss the different types of resolution of Earth observation data | View |
| 1153 | Discuss the different types of resolution of Earth observation data | View |
| 1154 | Discuss the minimum spatial resolution required for detecting single houses in a satellite image | View |
| 1154 | Discuss the minimum spatial resolution required for detecting single houses in a satellite image | View |
| 1155 | Discuss how radiometric resolution influences the granularity of a land cover classification | View |
| 1155 | Discuss how radiometric resolution influences the granularity of a land cover classification | View |
| 1156 | Discuss how different spectral resolution of EO sensors influences their potential for vegetation mapping | View |
| 1156 | Discuss how different spectral resolution of EO sensors influences their potential for vegetation mapping | View |
| 1157 | Discuss the needs for high temporal resolution for analysing crop cycles in agriculture | View |
| 1157 | Discuss the needs for high temporal resolution for analysing crop cycles in agriculture | View |
| 1158 | Understand the difficulties in searching and selecting satellite images with sufficient spatial coverage for time series analysis | View |
| 1158 | Understand the difficulties in searching and selecting satellite images with sufficient spatial coverage for time series analysis | View |
| 1159 | Discuss valid time ranges for images used for landslide mapping with pre- and post-event image comparison | View |
| 1159 | Discuss valid time ranges for images used for landslide mapping with pre- and post-event image comparison | View |
| 1160 | Compare different error metrics that are based on the error matrix | View |
| 1160 | Compare different error metrics that are based on the error matrix | View |
| 1161 | Explain how the F-score is calculated | View |
| 1161 | Explain how the F-score is calculated | View |
| 1162 | Explain the procedure how to collect ground reference data for an image classification | View |
| 1162 | Explain the procedure how to collect ground reference data for an image classification | View |
| 1163 | Explain how the Kappa statistics is different from the overall accuracy metric | View |
| 1163 | Explain how the Kappa statistics is different from the overall accuracy metric | View |
| 1164 | Explain the difference between the evaluation measures of precision and recall | View |
| 1164 | Explain the difference between the evaluation measures of precision and recall | View |
| 1165 | Explain why rapid mapping applications have high requirements in timely availability of Earth observation products | View |
| 1165 | Explain why rapid mapping applications have high requirements in timely availability of Earth observation products | View |
| 1166 | Explain how user validation ensures a high enough product quality | View |
| 1166 | Explain how user validation ensures a high enough product quality | View |
| 1167 | Understand how limited temporal completness affects the usefulness of a time series analysis | View |
| 1167 | Understand how limited temporal completness affects the usefulness of a time series analysis | View |
| 1168 | Understand the relevance of topological consistency for linear network features derived from Earth observation data | View |
| 1168 | Understand the relevance of topological consistency for linear network features derived from Earth observation data | View |
| 1169 | Identify critical design decisions that make an EO-derived map readable | View |
| 1169 | Identify critical design decisions that make an EO-derived map readable | View |
| 1170 | Explain why image understanding goes beyond feature extraction | View |
| 1170 | Explain why image understanding goes beyond feature extraction | View |
| 1171 | Produce a map of vegetation fraction from optical EO data | View |
| 1171 | Produce a map of vegetation fraction from optical EO data | View |
| 1172 | Explain the value of the leaf area index for vegetation mapping | View |
| 1172 | Explain the value of the leaf area index for vegetation mapping | View |
| 1173 | Explain how the net primary production (NPP) can be derived from EO data | View |
| 1173 | Explain how the net primary production (NPP) can be derived from EO data | View |
| 1174 | Explain how stereo-imaging enables the derivation of information about elevation | View |
| 1174 | Explain how stereo-imaging enables the derivation of information about elevation | View |
| 1175 | Produce a digital surface model from stereographic optical EO data | View |
| 1175 | Produce a digital surface model from stereographic optical EO data | View |
| 1176 | Explain why multimodal distributions in training samples should be avoided when using the maximum likelihood classifier | View |
| 1176 | Explain why multimodal distributions in training samples should be avoided when using the maximum likelihood classifier | View |
| 1177 | Produce zero-crossing maps for a DoG-filtered optical EO image | View |
| 1177 | Produce zero-crossing maps for a DoG-filtered optical EO image | View |
| 1178 | Explain sensitivity of NDVI to the chlorophyll content of vegetation | View |
| 1178 | Explain sensitivity of NDVI to the chlorophyll content of vegetation | View |
| 1179 | Understand the role of pruning for reducing overfitting when applying decision trees for various classification purposes | View |
| 1179 | Understand the role of pruning for reducing overfitting when applying decision trees for various classification purposes | View |
| 1180 | Describe the role of machine learning classifiers to find patterns in the available data | View |
| 1180 | Describe the role of machine learning classifiers to find patterns in the available data | View |
| 1181 | Explain the sensitivity of the Random Forests classifier to the number of trees and the number of variables used to split the tree nodes | View |
| 1181 | Explain the sensitivity of the Random Forests classifier to the number of trees and the number of variables used to split the tree nodes | View |
| 1182 | Explain the sensitivity of SVM to hyper-parameters | View |
| 1182 | Explain the sensitivity of SVM to hyper-parameters | View |
| 1183 | Explain how the scale parameter influences the size of image segments | View |
| 1183 | Explain how the scale parameter influences the size of image segments | View |
| 1184 | Apply object-based classification methods for classifying very high resolution satellite images | View |
| 1184 | Apply object-based classification methods for classifying very high resolution satellite images | View |
| 1185 | Explain how topological features can be used to differentiate between classes with a low inter-class variance | View |
| 1185 | Explain how topological features can be used to differentiate between classes with a low inter-class variance | View |
| 1186 | Understand how satellite image time series can be used for mapping, trend analysis and change detection | View |
| 1186 | Understand how satellite image time series can be used for mapping, trend analysis and change detection | View |
| 1187 | Understand the role of multi-temporal satellite images for identifying not only when a change occurred but also the changing drivers | View |
| 1187 | Understand the role of multi-temporal satellite images for identifying not only when a change occurred but also the changing drivers | View |
| 1188 | Understand the way in which Dynamic Time Warping can align shifted temporal sequences | View |
| 1188 | Understand the way in which Dynamic Time Warping can align shifted temporal sequences | View |
| 1189 | Understand the subjectivity of the visual interpretation | View |
| 1189 | Understand the subjectivity of the visual interpretation | View |
| 1190 | Explain how the interpretation keys can be used for guiding the process of visual interpretation | View |
| 1190 | Explain how the interpretation keys can be used for guiding the process of visual interpretation | View |
| 1191 | Explain how OGC standards can be used for sharing spatial data (including Earth Observation data) across different communities and computing infrastructures | View |
| 1191 | Explain how OGC standards can be used for sharing spatial data (including Earth Observation data) across different communities and computing infrastructures | View |
| 1192 | Understand the importance of using spatially independent validation samples to assess the quality of the classification results | View |
| 1192 | Understand the importance of using spatially independent validation samples to assess the quality of the classification results | View |
| 1193 | Manage Earth Observation data that is distributed across different computing infrastructures | View |
| 1194 | Discuss limitations of the different region-based segementation methods | View |
| 1194 | Discuss limitations of the different region-based segementation methods | View |
| 1195 | Discuss how low-pass filtering of an image impacts the resulting regions derived with watershed segmentation | View |
| 1195 | Discuss how low-pass filtering of an image impacts the resulting regions derived with watershed segmentation | View |
| 1196 | Transform HTML documents thorugh the Document Object Model (DOM) | View |
| 1196 | Transform HTML documents thorugh the Document Object Model (DOM) | View |
| 1197 | Develop a Javascript function that handles a GeoJSON file | View |
| 1197 | Develop a Javascript function that handles a GeoJSON file | View |
| 1198 | Create a sample HTML5 Web page | View |
| 1198 | Create a sample HTML5 Web page | View |
| 1199 | Identify the extensions HTML5 brings over older HTML versions | View |
| 1199 | Identify the extensions HTML5 brings over older HTML versions | View |
| 1201 | Explain the advantages of satellite image time series for change detection | View |
| 1201 | Explain the advantages of satellite image time series for change detection | View |
| 1202 | Recognize the importance of reproducible research as a fundamental pillar of modern science | View |
| 1202 | Recognize the importance of reproducible research as a fundamental pillar of modern science | View |
| 1203 | Understand the problems associated with the lack of reproducibility | View |
| 1203 | Understand the problems associated with the lack of reproducibility | View |
| 1204 | Apply a series of practices (steps and tasks) for reproducible research in different phases of a project | View |
| 1204 | Apply a series of practices (steps and tasks) for reproducible research in different phases of a project | View |
| 1205 | Use software tools to automate the practice of reproducible research in daily work | View |
| 1205 | Use software tools to automate the practice of reproducible research in daily work | View |
| 1206 | Plan a reproducibility project independently | View |
| 1206 | Plan a reproducibility project independently | View |
| 1207 | Outline the types of geospatial software architectures | View |
| 1207 | Outline the types of geospatial software architectures | View |
| 1208 | Explain the requirements that best match each geospatial software architecture | View |
| 1208 | Explain the requirements that best match each geospatial software architecture | View |
| 1209 | Compare geospatial software architecture through cost-analysis framework | View |
| 1209 | Compare geospatial software architecture through cost-analysis framework | View |
| 1210 | Select the most appropriate technology to help decision-making | View |
| 1210 | Select the most appropriate technology to help decision-making | View |
| 1211 | Deliver a resources plan consistent with organisation’s concrete actions | View |
| 1211 | Deliver a resources plan consistent with organisation’s concrete actions | View |
| 1212 | Explain the phases involved in a geodesign-based project | View |
| 1212 | Explain the phases involved in a geodesign-based project | View |
| 1213 | Explain what a project is, and the difference between a project, programme, and product | View |
| 1213 | Explain what a project is, and the difference between a project, programme, and product | View |
| 1214 | List the key elements of a project management | View |
| 1214 | List the key elements of a project management | View |
| 1215 | Illustrate each of the project management areas with an example of a technique or tool used | View |
| 1215 | Illustrate each of the project management areas with an example of a technique or tool used | View |
| 1216 | Select the most appropriate techniques for a EO*GI project | View |
| 1216 | Select the most appropriate techniques for a EO*GI project | View |
| 1217 | List the phases of a project management life cycle | View |
| 1217 | List the phases of a project management life cycle | View |
| 1218 | Differentiate between copyleft and permissive licenses for a software product | View |
| 1218 | Differentiate between copyleft and permissive licenses for a software product | View |
| 1219 | Outline key tasks involved in the application, development and marketing of proprietary GIS software | View |
| 1219 | Outline key tasks involved in the application, development and marketing of proprietary GIS software | View |
| 1220 | Identify the viability of a proprietary GIS application | View |
| 1220 | Identify the viability of a proprietary GIS application | View |
| 1221 | Test all functionalities and data standards for interoperability | View |
| 1221 | Test all functionalities and data standards for interoperability | View |
| 1222 | Design a test project to demonstrate interoperability | View |
| 1222 | Design a test project to demonstrate interoperability | View |
| 1223 | Build functionalities and services to ensure interoperability | View |
| 1223 | Build functionalities and services to ensure interoperability | View |
| 1224 | Define entities and relationships in conceptual data model | View |
| 1224 | Define entities and relationships in conceptual data model | View |
| 1225 | Understand the degree to which attributes need to be conceptually modeled | View |
| 1225 | Understand the degree to which attributes need to be conceptually modeled | View |
| 1226 | Explain the objectives of the design phase of a conceptual model | View |
| 1226 | Explain the objectives of the design phase of a conceptual model | View |
| 1227 | Deconstruct an application use case into its conceptual elements | View |
| 1227 | Deconstruct an application use case into its conceptual elements | View |
| 1228 | Create a diagram of a conceptual data model for a geospatial application or enterprise database | View |
| 1228 | Create a diagram of a conceptual data model for a geospatial application or enterprise database | View |
| 1229 | Design application-specific conceptual models | View |
| 1229 | Design application-specific conceptual models | View |
| 1230 | Evaluate the common data models in a GIS&T project | View |
| 1231 | Explain the main features and elements of Open Science | View |
| 1231 | Explain the main features and elements of Open Science | View |
| 1232 | Compare the different cultures of Open Science | View |
| 1232 | Compare the different cultures of Open Science | View |
| 1233 | Identify the defining characteristics of an open geocomputation project | View |
| 1233 | Identify the defining characteristics of an open geocomputation project | View |
| 1234 | Understand the main software engineering methodologies | View |
| 1234 | Understand the main software engineering methodologies | View |
| 1235 | Decide which graphical representation better reflects the messages embedded in your story | View |
| 1235 | Decide which graphical representation better reflects the messages embedded in your story | View |
| 1236 | Illustrate the elements of the story by proper geovisualizations | View |
| 1236 | Illustrate the elements of the story by proper geovisualizations | View |
| 1237 | Illustrate the ways in which maps could be integrated in an infography | View |
| 1237 | Illustrate the ways in which maps could be integrated in an infography | View |
| 1238 | Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of infographics as a method of displaying geographic information | View |
| 1238 | Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of infographics as a method of displaying geographic information | View |
| 1239 | Describe an example where the use of an augmented environment could be of help | View |
| 1239 | Describe an example where the use of an augmented environment could be of help | View |
| 1240 | Outline a process for acquiring feedback from target users throughout design and development | View |
| 1240 | Outline a process for acquiring feedback from target users throughout design and development | View |
| 1241 | Explain how it is possible to retrieve atmospheric temperature and trace gases profiles form multi/iper spectral radiances | View |
| 1241 | Explain how it is possible to retrieve atmospheric temperature and trace gases profiles form multi/iper spectral radiances | View |
| 1242 | Evaluate the usability of a web map | View |
| 1242 | Evaluate the usability of a web map | View |
| 1243 | Evaluate the usability of a hard-copy map | View |
| 1243 | Evaluate the usability of a hard-copy map | View |
| 1244 | Assess the effective use of a web map by a set of users | View |
| 1244 | Assess the effective use of a web map by a set of users | View |
| 1245 | Design an iterative process for evaluating the usability of (geospatial) products | View |
| 1245 | Design an iterative process for evaluating the usability of (geospatial) products | View |
| 1246 | Distinguish between usability, utility, and user needs in the context of geovisualizations | View |
| 1246 | Distinguish between usability, utility, and user needs in the context of geovisualizations | View |
| 1247 | Compare different evaluation methods for cartography and visualization products (e.g., qualitative versus quantitative, formative versus summative studies). | View |
| 1247 | Compare different evaluation methods for cartography and visualization products (e.g., qualitative versus quantitative, formative versus summative studies). | View |
| 1248 | Recognize spatial schemes like patterns and shapes | View |
| 1248 | Recognize spatial schemes like patterns and shapes | View |
| 1249 | Arrange previously observed objects in a place | View |
| 1249 | Arrange previously observed objects in a place | View |
| 1250 | Represent an object or a scene from different viewpoints | View |
| 1250 | Represent an object or a scene from different viewpoints | View |
| 1251 | Contrast cloud and grid computing technologies | View |
| 1251 | Contrast cloud and grid computing technologies | View |
| 1252 | Create conceptual, logical, and physical data models using automated software tools | View |
| 1252 | Create conceptual, logical, and physical data models using automated software tools | View |
| 1253 | Identify gaming elements which may be part of geo-games | View |
| 1253 | Identify gaming elements which may be part of geo-games | View |
| 1254 | Contrast gaming elements which are both part of traditional games and geo-games | View |
| 1254 | Contrast gaming elements which are both part of traditional games and geo-games | View |
| 1255 | Design a game mechanics of a geo-game | View |
| 1255 | Design a game mechanics of a geo-game | View |
| 1256 | Illustrate with examples of maps or geovisualizations that could be improved by the addition of an audio layer | View |
| 1256 | Illustrate with examples of maps or geovisualizations that could be improved by the addition of an audio layer | View |
| 1257 | Outline a multivariate visual display that incorporates sounds | View |
| 1257 | Outline a multivariate visual display that incorporates sounds | View |
| 1258 | Explain why a layer with audio could be of interest in certain situations | View |
| 1258 | Explain why a layer with audio could be of interest in certain situations | View |
| 1259 | Illustrate the landscape of GIS and related libraries | View |
| 1259 | Illustrate the landscape of GIS and related libraries | View |
| 1260 | Assess which GIS APIs are more suitable for developing GIS applications | View |
| 1260 | Assess which GIS APIs are more suitable for developing GIS applications | View |
| 1261 | List which data considerations should be taken into account when starting a GIS project | View |
| 1261 | List which data considerations should be taken into account when starting a GIS project | View |
| 1262 | Outline the importance of photographs or imagery either from satellites or at street level | View |
| 1262 | Outline the importance of photographs or imagery either from satellites or at street level | View |
| 1263 | Differentiate uses for different types of imagery related to earth | View |
| 1263 | Differentiate uses for different types of imagery related to earth | View |
| 1264 | Differentiate between and application built with a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) or a Resource Oriented Architecture (ROA) | View |
| 1264 | Differentiate between and application built with a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) or a Resource Oriented Architecture (ROA) | View |
| 1265 | Outline the Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing framework | View |
| 1265 | Outline the Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing framework | View |
| 1266 | Outline a database with its main functionalities | View |
| 1266 | Outline a database with its main functionalities | View |
| 1267 | Understand how map scale is used to provide the relationship of size of object on a map and its real-world size | View |
| 1267 | Understand how map scale is used to provide the relationship of size of object on a map and its real-world size | View |
| 1268 | Understand that features have been omitted or generalized for clarity | View |
| 1268 | Understand that features have been omitted or generalized for clarity | View |
| 1269 | Apply spatial thinking to transform a graphical world into a real-world space | View |
| 1269 | Apply spatial thinking to transform a graphical world into a real-world space | View |
| 1300 | Discuss various legal aspects of public and private sectors concerning owning, controlling, sharing/ disseminating open data. | View |
| 1300 | Discuss various legal aspects of public and private sectors concerning owning, controlling, sharing/ disseminating open data. | View |
| 1301 | Differentiate "contracts for service" from "contracts of service" | View |
| 1301 | Differentiate "contracts for service" from "contracts of service" | View |
| 1302 | Identify the liability implications associated with contracts | View |
| 1302 | Identify the liability implications associated with contracts | View |
| 1303 | Discuss the potential legal problems associated with licensing geospatial information | View |
| 1303 | Discuss the potential legal problems associated with licensing geospatial information | View |
| 1304 | Understand the nature of tort law generally and nuisance law specifically | View |
| 1304 | Understand the nature of tort law generally and nuisance law specifically | View |
| 1305 | Differentiate among contract liability, tort liability, and statutory liability | View |
| 1305 | Differentiate among contract liability, tort liability, and statutory liability | View |
| 1306 | Explain cases of liability claims associated with misuse of geospatial information, erroneous information, and loss of proprietary interests | View |
| 1306 | Explain cases of liability claims associated with misuse of geospatial information, erroneous information, and loss of proprietary interests | View |
| 1307 | Propose strategies for managing liability risk, including disclaimers and data quality standards | View |
| 1307 | Propose strategies for managing liability risk, including disclaimers and data quality standards | View |
| 1308 | Explain the legal definition of the concepts "ownership" and "property rights" | View |
| 1308 | Explain the legal definition of the concepts "ownership" and "property rights" | View |
| 1309 | Explain organizations’ and governments’ incentives to treat geospatial information as property and arguments for and against the treatment of geospatial information as a commodity | View |
| 1309 | Explain organizations’ and governments’ incentives to treat geospatial information as property and arguments for and against the treatment of geospatial information as a commodity | View |
| 1310 | Outline the arguments for and against the notion of information as a public good | View |
| 1310 | Outline the arguments for and against the notion of information as a public good | View |
| 1311 | Compare and contrast National, European policy regarding rights to geospatial data with similar policies in other countries | View |
| 1311 | Compare and contrast National, European policy regarding rights to geospatial data with similar policies in other countries | View |
| 1312 | Explain how geospatial information might be used in a taking of private property through a government's claim of its right of eminent domain | View |
| 1312 | Explain how geospatial information might be used in a taking of private property through a government's claim of its right of eminent domain | View |
| 1313 | Compare and contrast the consequences of different national policies about rights to geospatial data in terms of the real costs of spatial data, their coverage, accuracy, uncertainty, reliability, validity, and maintenance | View |
| 1313 | Compare and contrast the consequences of different national policies about rights to geospatial data in terms of the real costs of spatial data, their coverage, accuracy, uncertainty, reliability, validity, and maintenance | View |
| 1314 | Discuss and define open data and impact on GIS&T | View |
| 1314 | Discuss and define open data and impact on GIS&T | View |
| 1315 | Discuss various sources of open data (science, public and private sectors) | View |
| 1315 | Discuss various sources of open data (science, public and private sectors) | View |
| 1316 | Discuss of arguments for and against open data | View |
| 1316 | Discuss of arguments for and against open data | View |
| 1317 | Discuss about open data impact on society and citizenship | View |
| 1317 | Discuss about open data impact on society and citizenship | View |
| 1319 | Discuss the role of the public and private sectors in producing and dissemination of geospatial information | View |
| 1319 | Discuss the role of the public and private sectors in producing and dissemination of geospatial information | View |
| 1320 | Discuss the legal framework related to competition and public-private sector relationships in the geospatial domain | View |
| 1320 | Discuss the legal framework related to competition and public-private sector relationships in the geospatial domain | View |
| 1321 | Discuss of opportunities for exchange of geospatial data between public and private sector to enable more efficient analysis | View |
| 1321 | Discuss of opportunities for exchange of geospatial data between public and private sector to enable more efficient analysis | View |
| 1322 | Discuss about the general role of information in economics | View |
| 1326 | Discuss of implications of unequal economic power on the kinds of organizations that use, and benefits from, GIS&T | View |
| 1328 | Discuss about the extent to which external costs and benefits enhance the economic case for GIS | View |
| 1329 | Explain how profit considerations have shaped the evolution of GIS&T | View |
| 1330 | Outline the elements of a business case that justifies an organization's investment in an enterprise geospatial information infrastructure | View |
| 1332 | Explain how cost-benefit analyses can be manipulated | View |
| 1333 | Compare and contrast the evaluation of benefits at different scales (e.g., national, regional/state,local) true for an organization that is already collecting data as part of its regular operations | View |
| 1334 | Outline the categories of costs that an organization should anticipate as it plans to design and implement a GIS | View |
| 1335 | Outline sources of additional costs associated with development of an enterprise GIS | View |
| 1336 | Distinguish between operational, organizational, and societal activities that rely upon geospatial Information | View |
| 1337 | Discuss of relations between marketing and economical factors in sustainable/environmental issues by using geospatial information | View |
| 1338 | Discuss of and define the process of the Information value chain | View |
| 1339 | Identify practical problems in defining and measuring the value of geospatial information in land or other business decisions | View |
| 1342 | Explain how cost-benefit analyses can be manipulated | View |
| 1343 | Compare and contrast the evaluation of benefits at different scales (e.g., national, regional/state,local) | View |
| 1344 | Explain how the saying "developing data is the largest single cost of implementing GIS" could be true for an organization that is already collecting data as part of its regular operations | View |
| 1345 | Discuss over the argument that the use of Geospatial geospatial Information privileges certain views of the world over others. | View |
| 1345 | Discuss over the argument that the use of Geospatial geospatial Information privileges certain views of the world over others. | View |
| 1346 | Identify alternatives to the "algorithmic way of thinking" that characterizes use of geospatial Information. | View |
| 1346 | Identify alternatives to the "algorithmic way of thinking" that characterizes use of geospatial Information. | View |
| 1347 | Discuss critiques of GIS as "deterministic" technology in relation to debates about the Quantitative quantitative revolution in the discipline of geography. | View |
| 1347 | Discuss critiques of GIS as "deterministic" technology in relation to debates about the Quantitative quantitative revolution in the discipline of geography. | View |
| 1348 | Indicate the extent to which contemporary use of geospatial information supports diverse ways of understanding the world. | View |
| 1348 | Indicate the extent to which contemporary use of geospatial information supports diverse ways of understanding the world. | View |
| 1349 | Discuss the implications of interoperability on ontology | View |
| 1349 | Discuss the implications of interoperability on ontology | View |
| 1350 | Discuss over the various implications of surveillance technology | View |
| 1350 | Discuss over the various implications of surveillance technology | View |
| 1352 | Discuss about "mapping whose reality?" Pros and cons of geoinformation sharing in social media, i.e. big data, "digital shadow" etc. | View |
| 1352 | Discuss about "mapping whose reality?" Pros and cons of geoinformation sharing in social media, i.e. big data, "digital shadow" etc. | View |
| 1353 | Discuss about open data and data sharing and public/private sector | View |
| 1353 | Discuss about open data and data sharing and public/private sector | View |
| 1354 | Discuss over the changing role of the private sector in the use of geospatial information | View |
| 1354 | Discuss over the changing role of the private sector in the use of geospatial information | View |
| 1356 | Develop GI infrastructure with a the role in the private sector | View |
| 1356 | Develop GI infrastructure with a the role in the private sector | View |
| 1357 | Research and develop geospatial information for the private sector | View |
| 1357 | Research and develop geospatial information for the private sector | View |
| 1358 | Demonstrate relationships between research and education, private/public sectors, and citizens | View |
| 1359 | Discuss over the paradigm shifts and current trends in GIS&T education and pedagogical approaches for GIS teaching and learning in detail | View |
| 1359 | Discuss over the paradigm shifts and current trends in GIS&T education and pedagogical approaches for GIS teaching and learning in detail | View |
| 1363 | Discuss how to approach the widening audience/participants for geospatial products and service, increasing geo-awareness and geo-enablement | View |
| 1363 | Discuss how to approach the widening audience/participants for geospatial products and service, increasing geo-awareness and geo-enablement | View |
| 1364 | Discuss ways of working with crowdsourcing in education and research | View |
| 1364 | Discuss ways of working with crowdsourcing in education and research | View |
| 1365 | Discuss the role of public, private sector and citizens in facilitating geospatial information in environmental/sustainable issues. | View |
| 1365 | Discuss the role of public, private sector and citizens in facilitating geospatial information in environmental/sustainable issues. | View |
| 1366 | Discuss legal aspects of access to environmental data, global change/warming or sustainable development (regional, national, global) in conjunction to society. | View |
| 1366 | Discuss legal aspects of access to environmental data, global change/warming or sustainable development (regional, national, global) in conjunction to society. | View |
| 1367 | Define and understand citizenship, democracy, maturity, and negotiation related to geo information use and participation in society /community development (at local, regional, national level) | View |
| 1367 | Define and understand citizenship, democracy, maturity, and negotiation related to geo information use and participation in society /community development (at local, regional, national level) | View |
| 1368 | Differentiate among universal/deliberative, pluralist/representative, and participatory models of citizen participation | View |
| 1368 | Differentiate among universal/deliberative, pluralist/representative, and participatory models of citizen participation | View |
| 1369 | Compare the advantages and disadvantages of group participation and individual participation | View |
| 1369 | Compare the advantages and disadvantages of group participation and individual participation | View |
| 1372 | Illustrate an example of "local knowledge" that is unlikely to be represented in the geospatial data maintained routinely by government agencies | View |
| 1372 | Illustrate an example of "local knowledge" that is unlikely to be represented in the geospatial data maintained routinely by government agencies | View |
| 1373 | Explain how community organizations represent the interests of citizens, politicians, and specialists | View |
| 1373 | Explain how community organizations represent the interests of citizens, politicians, and specialists | View |
| 1375 | Define and discuss impacts of crowdsourcing on geospatial society | View |
| 1376 | Discuss the impact of geospatial information for the development of social media (Facebook, Twitter, Wikimapia, Flickr etc.) becoming increasingly location-based | View |
| 1376 | Discuss the impact of geospatial information for the development of social media (Facebook, Twitter, Wikimapia, Flickr etc.) becoming increasingly location-based | View |
| 1377 | Discuss the role and value of "place" and "space" for geo media based social networking | View |
| 1377 | Discuss the role and value of "place" and "space" for geo media based social networking | View |
| 1378 | Differentiate between consumption, analysis, presumption and production of geoinformation within digital geo media | View |
| 1378 | Differentiate between consumption, analysis, presumption and production of geoinformation within digital geo media | View |
| 1379 | Define and discuss volunteered geographic information | View |
| 1379 | Define and discuss volunteered geographic information | View |
| 1380 | Define and discuss enabling technologies: geotag, georeferencing, GPS and more | View |
| 1380 | Define and discuss enabling technologies: geotag, georeferencing, GPS and more | View |
| 1381 | Discuss positive and negative aspects of the term "humans as sensors" | View |
| 1381 | Discuss positive and negative aspects of the term "humans as sensors" | View |
| 1382 | Apply domains and roles regarding geoinformation use in society: "spatial information systems manager", "spatial analyst", "spatial citizen" | View |
| 1382 | Apply domains and roles regarding geoinformation use in society: "spatial information systems manager", "spatial analyst", "spatial citizen" | View |
| 1383 | Define and discussing impact of Crowdsourcing on Geospatial Society | View |
| 1383 | Define and discussing impact of Crowdsourcing on Geospatial Society | View |
| 1384 | Define Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and identify main elements of it | View |
| 1384 | Define Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and identify main elements of it | View |
| 1385 | Discuss consensus based interoperability and its relation to geospatial data interchange. Define what a Web Service (WS) is and present characteristic scenarios. Data serving and Data Processing WSs | View |
| 1385 | Discuss consensus based interoperability and its relation to geospatial data interchange. Define what a Web Service (WS) is and present characteristic scenarios. Data serving and Data Processing WSs | View |
| 1386 | Define the characteristics of web services and present some examples | View |
| 1386 | Define the characteristics of web services and present some examples | View |
| 1387 | Define Web services transport over the Web | View |
| 1387 | Define Web services transport over the Web | View |
| 1388 | Describe generally the hypertext transfer protocol and its main operations like POST and GET | View |
| 1388 | Describe generally the hypertext transfer protocol and its main operations like POST and GET | View |
| 1389 | Identify design issues of SOAP web services; fine grained and coarse grained services, design patterns | View |
| 1389 | Identify design issues of SOAP web services; fine grained and coarse grained services, design patterns | View |
| 1390 | Define characteristics of REST Web services and Resource oriented Architecture (ROA) | View |
| 1390 | Define characteristics of REST Web services and Resource oriented Architecture (ROA) | View |
| 1391 | Differentiate between SOAP and REST Web services. - Identify design issues of REST Web services | View |
| 1391 | Differentiate between SOAP and REST Web services. - Identify design issues of REST Web services | View |
| 1392 | Discuss the issue whether a service is really "RESTful" or not | View |
| 1392 | Discuss the issue whether a service is really "RESTful" or not | View |
| 1393 | Define Web Map Service (WMS). Describe GetCapabilities, GetMap, and GetFeatureInfo operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1393 | Define Web Map Service (WMS). Describe GetCapabilities, GetMap, and GetFeatureInfo operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1394 | Define Web Feature Service (WFS). Describe GetCapabilities, DescribeFeaturetype, and GetFeature, and GetFeatureInfo operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1394 | Define Web Feature Service (WFS). Describe GetCapabilities, DescribeFeaturetype, and GetFeature, and GetFeatureInfo operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1395 | Define Web Coverage Service (WCS). Describe GetCapabilities, GetCoverageInfo, and GetCoverage operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1395 | Define Web Coverage Service (WCS). Describe GetCapabilities, GetCoverageInfo, and GetCoverage operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1396 | Define Web Processing Service (WPS). Describe GetCapabilities, DescribeProcess, and Execute operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1396 | Define Web Processing Service (WPS). Describe GetCapabilities, DescribeProcess, and Execute operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1397 | Define Web Map Tile Service (WMTS). Describe GetCapabilities, GetTile, and GetFeatureInfo operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1397 | Define Web Map Tile Service (WMTS). Describe GetCapabilities, GetTile, and GetFeatureInfo operations in detail. Practice its usage in a given use case | View |
| 1398 | Define and practice the usage, in a given use case, of StyledLayerDescriptor (SLD) and Symbology Encoding (SE). Practice their usage in a given use case | View |
| 1398 | Define and practice the usage, in a given use case, of StyledLayerDescriptor (SLD) and Symbology Encoding (SE). Practice their usage in a given use case | View |
| 1399 | Interpret generally the main components and functionality of "Web Application Frameworks" such as AngularJS, Ext.js, Django, Java Server Faces (JSF), and the like | View |
| 1399 | Interpret generally the main components and functionality of "Web Application Frameworks" such as AngularJS, Ext.js, Django, Java Server Faces (JSF), and the like | View |
| 1401 | Illustrate basic radiation-matter interactions and related concepts of spectral reflectance, absorbance and transmittance as specific properties of the matter | View |
| 1401 | Illustrate basic radiation-matter interactions and related concepts of spectral reflectance, absorbance and transmittance as specific properties of the matter | View |
| 1402 | Illustrate basic features of spectral signatures of vegetation, water and bare soil | View |
| 1402 | Illustrate basic features of spectral signatures of vegetation, water and bare soil | View |
| 1403 | Illustrate the importance of the choice of the satellite orbit for the design of a satellite mission devoted to specific applications | View |
| 1403 | Illustrate the importance of the choice of the satellite orbit for the design of a satellite mission devoted to specific applications | View |
| 1404 | Demonstrate the relationships among measured multi-spectral radiation and specific chemical (e.g. composition) and physical (e.g. temperature, pressure, etc.) properties of the observed matter. | View |
| 1404 | Demonstrate the relationships among measured multi-spectral radiation and specific chemical (e.g. composition) and physical (e.g. temperature, pressure, etc.) properties of the observed matter. | View |
| 1405 | Illustrate the concept of spectral signatures of the matter | View |
| 1405 | Illustrate the concept of spectral signatures of the matter | View |
| 1406 | Illustrate basic modern physics theory understanding their implications on the development of advanced sensors for EO | View |
| 1406 | Illustrate basic modern physics theory understanding their implications on the development of advanced sensors for EO | View |
| 1407 | Illustrate the interaction of e.m. radiation in the thermal infrared with the atmosphere understanding specifc characteristics of radiative transfer in this specific spectral region. | View |
| 1407 | Illustrate the interaction of e.m. radiation in the thermal infrared with the atmosphere understanding specifc characteristics of radiative transfer in this specific spectral region. | View |
| 1408 | Explain the concept of composition of spectral signatures and apply the "linear mixing" models in some simple case | View |
| 1408 | Explain the concept of composition of spectral signatures and apply the "linear mixing" models in some simple case | View |
| 1409 | Illustrate and apply basic concepts of Atmospheric Physics to EO science and its applications | View |
| 1409 | Illustrate and apply basic concepts of Atmospheric Physics to EO science and its applications | View |
| 1410 | Illustrate the concept of spectral emissivity and brigthness temperature and compute them in some simple real case | View |
| 1410 | Illustrate the concept of spectral emissivity and brigthness temperature and compute them in some simple real case | View |
| 1411 | Discuss the structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere | View |
| 1411 | Discuss the structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere | View |
| 1412 | Demonstrate basic knowledge of the interaction between the solar radiation and atmospheric constituents | View |
| 1412 | Demonstrate basic knowledge of the interaction between the solar radiation and atmospheric constituents | View |
| 1413 | Discuss the basic principles of solar radiation. | View |
| 1413 | Discuss the basic principles of solar radiation. | View |
| 1414 | Demonstrate basic knowledge of the atmospheric absorption and scattering mechanisms. | View |
| 1414 | Demonstrate basic knowledge of the atmospheric absorption and scattering mechanisms. | View |
| 1415 | Relate to the aspects of radiation transfer through the atmosphere. | View |
| 1415 | Relate to the aspects of radiation transfer through the atmosphere. | View |
| 1416 | Produce the processes of spectral calculations of radiometric quantities by the line by line radiative transfer models | View |
| 1416 | Produce the processes of spectral calculations of radiometric quantities by the line by line radiative transfer models | View |
| 1417 | Estimate the meteorological and the cloud optical properties by LBRTM and validate against high accuracy spectral measurements | View |
| 1417 | Estimate the meteorological and the cloud optical properties by LBRTM and validate against high accuracy spectral measurements | View |
| 1418 | Discuss the processes that describe the hydrologic cycle | View |
| 1418 | Discuss the processes that describe the hydrologic cycle | View |
| 1419 | Illustrate the transferring of Energy within the Earth-Atmosphere System | View |
| 1419 | Illustrate the transferring of Energy within the Earth-Atmosphere System | View |
| 1420 | Illustrate e.m. radiation intercations with/within clouds. | View |
| 1420 | Illustrate e.m. radiation intercations with/within clouds. | View |
| 1421 | Illustrate main spectral signatures of clouds and apply them in paractical cloud-detection exercise | View |
| 1421 | Illustrate main spectral signatures of clouds and apply them in paractical cloud-detection exercise | View |
| 1422 | Describe Electromagnetic Waves in terms of Photons | View |
| 1422 | Describe Electromagnetic Waves in terms of Photons | View |
| 1423 | Describe how Maxwell's equation explain EM waves' propagation | View |
| 1423 | Describe how Maxwell's equation explain EM waves' propagation | View |
| 1424 | Explain how Planck function and Wien law can help to characterize blackbodies' emission | View |
| 1424 | Explain how Planck function and Wien law can help to characterize blackbodies' emission | View |
| 1425 | Explain in wich spectral regions the Rayleigh-Jeans and Wien's approximations of the Planck function better work | View |
| 1425 | Explain in wich spectral regions the Rayleigh-Jeans and Wien's approximations of the Planck function better work | View |
| 1426 | Derive the Stefan-Boltzman Law from the Planck's one | View |
| 1426 | Derive the Stefan-Boltzman Law from the Planck's one | View |
| 1427 | Explain the impact of Kirchoff's Law on the measurements of spectral emissivity of opaque bodies | View |
| 1427 | Explain the impact of Kirchoff's Law on the measurements of spectral emissivity of opaque bodies | View |
| 1428 | Describe solar structure | View |
| 1429 | Describe the main spectral components of solar radiation at the top of atmosphere | View |
| 1429 | Describe the main spectral components of solar radiation at the top of atmosphere | View |
| 1430 | Describe the main branch of physycs relevant to the study of e.m. radiation and its interaction with the matter in the optical range | View |
| 1430 | Describe the main branch of physycs relevant to the study of e.m. radiation and its interaction with the matter in the optical range | View |
| 1431 | Illustrate the nature of electromagnetic radiation | View |
| 1431 | Illustrate the nature of electromagnetic radiation | View |
| 1432 | Illustrate the importance of Earth's emitted radiation for EO from space | View |
| 1432 | Illustrate the importance of Earth's emitted radiation for EO from space | View |
| 1433 | Illustrate the main forms of radiation-matter interaction | View |
| 1433 | Illustrate the main forms of radiation-matter interaction | View |
| 1434 | Illustrate the main energetic transictions that can be associated to molecular absorption of e.m. radiation | View |
| 1434 | Illustrate the main energetic transictions that can be associated to molecular absorption of e.m. radiation | View |
| 1435 | Describe the main sources of spectral line broadening | View |
| 1435 | Describe the main sources of spectral line broadening | View |
| 1436 | Illustrate how the Voigt's line profile is related to the Doppler and pressure line broadening contributes | View |
| 1436 | Illustrate how the Voigt's line profile is related to the Doppler and pressure line broadening contributes | View |
| 1437 | Illustrate the concept of grey body | View |
| 1437 | Illustrate the concept of grey body | View |
| 1438 | Describe how the complex part of the refractive index affects the propagation of e.m. radiation through the matter | View |
| 1438 | Describe how the complex part of the refractive index affects the propagation of e.m. radiation through the matter | View |
| 1439 | Describe the concept of attenuation length | View |
| 1439 | Describe the concept of attenuation length | View |
| 1440 | Discuss the change of attenuation length moving from visible to the microwave range and from sea water to solid land surfaces | View |
| 1440 | Discuss the change of attenuation length moving from visible to the microwave range and from sea water to solid land surfaces | View |
| 1441 | Describe the scattering properties of a lambertian surface | View |
| 1441 | Describe the scattering properties of a lambertian surface | View |
| 1442 | Illustrate how the Rayleigh criterion can help to characterize surfaces' scattering properties in relation with their roughness and wavelength of the incident radiation | View |
| 1443 | Describe under which conditions the Beer-Bouguert-Lambert Law well approximates the general radiative transfer equation- | View |
| 1443 | Describe under which conditions the Beer-Bouguert-Lambert Law well approximates the general radiative transfer equation- | View |
| 1444 | Illustrate why we refer to the BRDF as an absolute definition of spectral reflectance | View |
| 1444 | Illustrate why we refer to the BRDF as an absolute definition of spectral reflectance | View |
| 1445 | Illustrate how it is possible to estimate the BRDF of a sample through measurements of BRF | View |
| 1445 | Illustrate how it is possible to estimate the BRDF of a sample through measurements of BRF | View |
| 1446 | Describe what EM sensing means | View |
| 1446 | Describe what EM sensing means | View |
| 1447 | Define the radiometric spectral quantities radiance, irradiance, flux | View |
| 1447 | Define the radiometric spectral quantities radiance, irradiance, flux | View |
| 1448 | Define the radiometric spectral quantities brightness, emittance, luminosity | View |
| 1448 | Define the radiometric spectral quantities brightness, emittance, luminosity | View |
| 1449 | Illustrate the decay of the emittance with the distance from the source | View |
| 1449 | Illustrate the decay of the emittance with the distance from the source | View |
| 1450 | Describe the spectral regions where Mineral and Rocks exhibit their main signatures | View |
| 1450 | Describe the spectral regions where Mineral and Rocks exhibit their main signatures | View |
| 1451 | Illustrate the main differences among passive and active remote sensing techniques | View |
| 1451 | Illustrate the main differences among passive and active remote sensing techniques | View |
| 1452 | Illustrate the scope Radiative Transfer theory | View |
| 1452 | Illustrate the scope Radiative Transfer theory | View |
| 1453 | Illustrate the general equation of radiative transfer. | View |
| 1453 | Illustrate the general equation of radiative transfer. | View |
| 1454 | Illustrate the concept of Cross Section of Extinction per Mass Unit | View |
| 1455 | Illustrate the concept of Absorption Coefficient | View |
| 1455 | Illustrate the concept of Absorption Coefficient | View |
| 1456 | Illustrate the concept of Source Function | View |
| 1456 | Illustrate the concept of Source Function | View |
| 1457 | Illustrate the concept of Cross Section of Extinction per Mass Unit | View |
| 1457 | Illustrate the concept of Cross Section of Extinction per Mass Unit | View |
| 1458 | Illustrate scope and conditions of validity of Schwarzshild equation. | View |
| 1458 | Illustrate scope and conditions of validity of Schwarzshild equation. | View |
| 1459 | Illustrate of the concept of optical path | View |
| 1459 | Illustrate of the concept of optical path | View |
| 1460 | Illustrate of the concept of optical thickness | View |
| 1460 | Illustrate of the concept of optical thickness | View |
| 1461 | Describe under which conditions Mie scattering occurs in the Earth's Atmosphere | View |
| 1461 | Describe under which conditions Mie scattering occurs in the Earth's Atmosphere | View |
| 1462 | Describe under which conditions Rayleigh Scattering in the Earth's Atmosphere occurs | View |
| 1462 | Describe under which conditions Rayleigh Scattering in the Earth's Atmosphere occurs | View |
| 1463 | Illustrate how cloud presence complicate radiative transfer description in Earth's atmosphere | View |
| 1463 | Illustrate how cloud presence complicate radiative transfer description in Earth's atmosphere | View |
| 1464 | Illustrate the concepts of Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion of the light | View |
| 1464 | Illustrate the concepts of Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion of the light | View |
| 1465 | Illustrate the concepts of Interference and Diffraction | View |
| 1465 | Illustrate the concepts of Interference and Diffraction | View |
| 1466 | Describe how a Michelson interferometer make it possible to measure the emitted Earth radiation with hyperspectral resolution. | View |
| 1466 | Describe how a Michelson interferometer make it possible to measure the emitted Earth radiation with hyperspectral resolution. | View |
| 1467 | Illustrate the role of the principle of constant speed of light within the special relativity theory | View |
| 1467 | Illustrate the role of the principle of constant speed of light within the special relativity theory | View |
| 1468 | Describe atmospheric transmittance in the optical spectral range | View |
| 1468 | Describe atmospheric transmittance in the optical spectral range | View |
| 1469 | Illustrate the main atmospherical spectral windows | View |
| 1469 | Illustrate the main atmospherical spectral windows | View |
| 1470 | Illustrate the Greenhouse effect associate to CO2 emission | View |
| 1470 | Illustrate the Greenhouse effect associate to CO2 emission | View |
| 1471 | Describe the concept of thermodynamic temperature | View |
| 1471 | Describe the concept of thermodynamic temperature | View |
| 1472 | Describe the main state functions of ideal gases | View |
| 1472 | Describe the main state functions of ideal gases | View |
| 1473 | Illustrate the First Law of Thermodynamic | View |
| 1473 | Illustrate the First Law of Thermodynamic | View |
| 1474 | Illustrate the Second Law of Thermodynamic | View |
| 1474 | Illustrate the Second Law of Thermodynamic | View |
| 1475 | Describe the different payload capabilities of polar and geostationary platforms | View |
| 1475 | Describe the different payload capabilities of polar and geostationary platforms | View |
| 1476 | Illustrate the Helmotz’s equation | View |
| 1476 | Illustrate the Helmotz’s equation | View |
| 1477 | Describe the impact of geometrical optics on optical sensors design | View |
| 1477 | Describe the impact of geometrical optics on optical sensors design | View |
| 1478 | Describe the impact of the theory of interference on the development of modern satellite hyperspectral sounders | View |
| 1478 | Describe the impact of the theory of interference on the development of modern satellite hyperspectral sounders | View |
| 1479 | Describe the impact of theory of diffraction and grating spectrometers on the development of modern satellite hyperspectral sounders | View |
| 1479 | Describe the impact of theory of diffraction and grating spectrometers on the development of modern satellite hyperspectral sounders | View |
| 1480 | Describe the impact of Einstein’s theory of radiation on the design of modern devices for the measurements and/or production of coherent light | View |
| 1480 | Describe the impact of Einstein’s theory of radiation on the design of modern devices for the measurements and/or production of coherent light | View |
| 1481 | Illustrate the importance of electric conduction in solids for the design and development of advanced EO sensors | View |
| 1481 | Illustrate the importance of electric conduction in solids for the design and development of advanced EO sensors | View |
| 1482 | Illustrate possible noise sources related to photovoltaic and photoconductive detectors | View |
| 1482 | Illustrate possible noise sources related to photovoltaic and photoconductive detectors | View |
| 1483 | Describe the process of light scattering by atmospheric particulates | View |
| 1483 | Describe the process of light scattering by atmospheric particulates | View |
| 1484 | Describe the process of water vapour cloud formation | View |
| 1484 | Describe the process of water vapour cloud formation | View |
| 1485 | Describe the adiabatic decrease of tropospheric temperature with the heigth | View |
| 1485 | Describe the adiabatic decrease of tropospheric temperature with the heigth | View |
| 1486 | Describe the scope of thermodynamics | View |
| 1486 | Describe the scope of thermodynamics | View |
| 1487 | Illustrate the concept of "kinetic temperature" in absence of thermodynamic equilibrium | View |
| 1487 | Illustrate the concept of "kinetic temperature" in absence of thermodynamic equilibrium | View |
| 1488 | Illustrate the ideal gas law | View |
| 1488 | Illustrate the ideal gas law | View |
| 1489 | Ilustrate the state function of the condensed gas phase | View |
| 1489 | Ilustrate the state function of the condensed gas phase | View |
| 1490 | Describe the fundamental thermodynamic processes (isothermal, adiabatic, isochoric, isobaric) | View |
| 1490 | Describe the fundamental thermodynamic processes (isothermal, adiabatic, isochoric, isobaric) | View |
| 1491 | Illustrate the role of Eulerian and Lagrangian models in budget equations definition | View |
| 1491 | Illustrate the role of Eulerian and Lagrangian models in budget equations definition | View |
| 1492 | Describe the scope of irreversible thermodynamics | View |
| 1492 | Describe the scope of irreversible thermodynamics | View |
| 1493 | Describe under what conditions adiabatic processes of homogeneous system occur | View |
| 1493 | Describe under what conditions adiabatic processes of homogeneous system occur | View |
| 1494 | Illustrate the utility of thermodynamic diagrams for the study of local atmospheric properties | View |
| 1494 | Illustrate the utility of thermodynamic diagrams for the study of local atmospheric properties | View |
| 1495 | Describe the relevance of mechanics laws in the framework of EO satellite mission design and planning | View |
| 1495 | Describe the relevance of mechanics laws in the framework of EO satellite mission design and planning | View |
| 1496 | Illustrate the factors limiting lifetime of satellites on their originally planned orbits | View |
| 1496 | Illustrate the factors limiting lifetime of satellites on their originally planned orbits | View |
| 1497 | Describe the concept of spectral emissivity | View |
| 1497 | Describe the concept of spectral emissivity | View |
| 1498 | Describe how the Rayleigh criterion help to discriminate radiation mirroring (or diffusion) for selected surfaces and wavelengths | View |
| 1498 | Describe how the Rayleigh criterion help to discriminate radiation mirroring (or diffusion) for selected surfaces and wavelengths | View |
| 1499 | Explain why passive EO sensors with the highest spectral or spatial resolution operate in the VIS/NIR spectral region | View |
| 1500 | Explain and outline the advantages of radar sensors | View |
| 1500 | Explain and outline the advantages of radar sensors | View |
| 1501 | Explain how radar images are used for specific applications | View |
| 1501 | Explain how radar images are used for specific applications | View |
| 1502 | Explain differences between optical and radar remote sensing | View |
| 1502 | Explain differences between optical and radar remote sensing | View |
| 1503 | Explain what microwave remote sensing is | View |
| 1503 | Explain what microwave remote sensing is | View |
| 1504 | Explain what soil permittivity is | View |
| 1504 | Explain what soil permittivity is | View |
| 1505 | Explain how the soil permittivity influences radar signal | View |
| 1505 | Explain how the soil permittivity influences radar signal | View |
| 1506 | Explain what properties of microwave electromagnetic spectrum are recorded | View |
| 1506 | Explain what properties of microwave electromagnetic spectrum are recorded | View |
| 1507 | Explain how the microwave signal is detected | View |
| 1507 | Explain how the microwave signal is detected | View |
| 1508 | Explain what active-passive microwave imaging is | View |
| 1508 | Explain what active-passive microwave imaging is | View |
| 1509 | Explain the principles of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry | View |
| 1509 | Explain the principles of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry | View |
| 1510 | Explain principles of permanent/persistent scatterer interferometry | View |
| 1510 | Explain principles of permanent/persistent scatterer interferometry | View |
| 1511 | State application examples of PSI methods | View |
| 1511 | State application examples of PSI methods | View |
| 1512 | Apply PSI method | View |
| 1512 | Apply PSI method | View |
| 1513 | Explain differences between DInSAR and PSI | View |
| 1513 | Explain differences between DInSAR and PSI | View |
| 1514 | Explain what the ground range and azimuth resolution are | View |
| 1514 | Explain what the ground range and azimuth resolution are | View |
| 1515 | Calculate ground rage resolution | View |
| 1515 | Calculate ground rage resolution | View |
| 1516 | Explain and discuss elements of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) geometric configuration | View |
| 1516 | Explain and discuss elements of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) geometric configuration | View |
| 1517 | Explain principles of passive microwave imaging | View |
| 1517 | Explain principles of passive microwave imaging | View |
| 1518 | Explain why spatial resolution of passive radar system is much lower than that of active systems | View |
| 1518 | Explain why spatial resolution of passive radar system is much lower than that of active systems | View |
| 1519 | State and explain Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) geometric distortions | View |
| 1519 | State and explain Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) geometric distortions | View |
| 1520 | Explain and discuss what terrain reflectivity is and how it influences radar signal | View |
| 1520 | Explain and discuss what terrain reflectivity is and how it influences radar signal | View |
| 1521 | Explain the fundamentals of Differential SAR Interferometry | View |
| 1521 | Explain the fundamentals of Differential SAR Interferometry | View |
| 1522 | Discuss advantages of SAR techniques over traditional measuring techniques | View |
| 1522 | Discuss advantages of SAR techniques over traditional measuring techniques | View |
| 1523 | Discuss limitations of interferometric measurement | View |
| 1523 | Discuss limitations of interferometric measurement | View |
| 1524 | State the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum | View |
| 1524 | State the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum | View |
| 1525 | State the typical used radar bands and their application | View |
| 1525 | State the typical used radar bands and their application | View |
| 1526 | Discuss types and classes of remote sensing sensors | View |
| 1526 | Discuss types and classes of remote sensing sensors | View |
| 1527 | Select the type of remote sensing sensor appropriate for your application | View |
| 1527 | Select the type of remote sensing sensor appropriate for your application | View |
| 1528 | Explain and discuss types of sensing mechanisms | View |
| 1528 | Explain and discuss types of sensing mechanisms | View |
| 1529 | Discuss advantages and disadvantages of passive and active sensors | View |
| 1529 | Discuss advantages and disadvantages of passive and active sensors | View |
| 1530 | State types of polarisations used in remote sensing | View |
| 1530 | State types of polarisations used in remote sensing | View |
| 1531 | Discuss the use of polarization for different application domains | View |
| 1531 | Discuss the use of polarization for different application domains | View |
| 1532 | Explain principles of imaging radar | View |
| 1532 | Explain principles of imaging radar | View |
| 1533 | Discuss the application possibilities of imaging radar | View |
| 1533 | Discuss the application possibilities of imaging radar | View |
| 1534 | Discuss orientational polarisation of media | View |
| 1534 | Discuss orientational polarisation of media | View |
| 1535 | Discuss the polarimetry technique | View |
| 1535 | Discuss the polarimetry technique | View |
| 1536 | Explain and discuss the LiDAR technology | View |
| 1536 | Explain and discuss the LiDAR technology | View |
| 1537 | State and explain different SAR acquisition modes | View |
| 1537 | State and explain different SAR acquisition modes | View |
| 1538 | Discuss main characteristics of digital imagery | View |
| 1538 | Discuss main characteristics of digital imagery | View |
| 1539 | Explain what the picture element is | View |
| 1539 | Explain what the picture element is | View |
| 1540 | Explain what the digital number is | View |
| 1540 | Explain what the digital number is | View |
| 1541 | Distinguish and explain the different types of properties of digital imagery | View |
| 1541 | Distinguish and explain the different types of properties of digital imagery | View |
| 1542 | Explain and discuss what the spectral resolution is | View |
| 1542 | Explain and discuss what the spectral resolution is | View |
| 1543 | Explain and discuss what the spatial resolution is | View |
| 1543 | Explain and discuss what the spatial resolution is | View |
| 1544 | Explain and discuss what the radiometric resolution is | View |
| 1544 | Explain and discuss what the radiometric resolution is | View |
| 1545 | Explain and discuss what the temporal resolution is | View |
| 1545 | Explain and discuss what the temporal resolution is | View |
| 1546 | Explain and discuss what the main processing levels of remote sensing data are | View |
| 1546 | Explain and discuss what the main processing levels of remote sensing data are | View |
| 1547 | Discuss the development of remote sensing sensors | View |
| 1547 | Discuss the development of remote sensing sensors | View |
| 1548 | Discuss different types of satellite orbits | View |
| 1548 | Discuss different types of satellite orbits | View |
| 1549 | Discuss the main types of remote sensing sensors | View |
| 1549 | Discuss the main types of remote sensing sensors | View |
| 1550 | Discuss the main types of remote sensing platforms | View |
| 1550 | Discuss the main types of remote sensing platforms | View |
| 1551 | Discuss the main types of remote sensing data | View |
| 1551 | Discuss the main types of remote sensing data | View |
| 1552 | Create a project plan for a map, from planning to finalisation | View |
| 1552 | Create a project plan for a map, from planning to finalisation | View |
| 1553 | List the main variables to take into account during the planning phase of a map | View |
| 1553 | List the main variables to take into account during the planning phase of a map | View |
| 1554 | Plan the creation of a map according to a given audience | View |
| 1554 | Plan the creation of a map according to a given audience | View |
| 1555 | Understand how the representation of geographic data facilitates visual communication | View |
| 1555 | Understand how the representation of geographic data facilitates visual communication | View |
| 1556 | Select the most suitable graphic representation for a targeted audience | View |
| 1556 | Select the most suitable graphic representation for a targeted audience | View |
| 1557 | Select the most suitable graphic representation for a given set of data | View |
| 1557 | Select the most suitable graphic representation for a given set of data | View |
| 1558 | Distinguish between different graphic representation techniques | View |
| 1558 | Distinguish between different graphic representation techniques | View |
| 1559 | Design an interactive web map | View |
| 1559 | Design an interactive web map | View |
| 1560 | Outline a map layout taking into account design principles | View |
| 1560 | Outline a map layout taking into account design principles | View |
| 1561 | Understand how graphic representations can be interpreted distinctively by culturally different audiences | View |
| 1561 | Understand how graphic representations can be interpreted distinctively by culturally different audiences | View |
| 1562 | Assess the effective understanding of a map by a set of users | View |
| 1562 | Assess the effective understanding of a map by a set of users | View |
| 1563 | Create different visual hierarchies to produce maps with different purposes | View |
| 1563 | Create different visual hierarchies to produce maps with different purposes | View |
| 1564 | Identify examples of static, animated, and interactive web maps | View |
| 1564 | Identify examples of static, animated, and interactive web maps | View |
| 1565 | Distinguish between animated and interactive maps | View |
| 1565 | Distinguish between animated and interactive maps | View |
| 1566 | Apply appropriate terrain representation based on their relative pros and cons | View |
| 1566 | Apply appropriate terrain representation based on their relative pros and cons | View |
| 1567 | Design a stylized terrain map from a digital elevation model (DEM) | View |
| 1567 | Design a stylized terrain map from a digital elevation model (DEM) | View |
| 1568 | Use appropriate interpolation techniques to derive DEMs from point data | View |
| 1568 | Use appropriate interpolation techniques to derive DEMs from point data | View |
| 1569 | Discuss and compare different types of processing levels of SAR data | View |
| 1569 | Discuss and compare different types of processing levels of SAR data | View |
| 1570 | Select the appropriate SAR data type for the application | View |
| 1570 | Select the appropriate SAR data type for the application | View |
| 1571 | State different types of processing levels of SAR data | View |
| 1571 | State different types of processing levels of SAR data | View |
| 1572 | Discuss and compare different types of processing levels of optical data | View |
| 1572 | Discuss and compare different types of processing levels of optical data | View |
| 1573 | Select the appropriate optical data type for the application | View |
| 1573 | Select the appropriate optical data type for the application | View |
| 1574 | Explain the laser scanner technology | View |
| 1574 | Explain the laser scanner technology | View |
| 1575 | Discuss different types of laser scanners | View |
| 1575 | Discuss different types of laser scanners | View |
| 1576 | Explain what the phase in remote sensing means and in what units is expressed | View |
| 1576 | Explain what the phase in remote sensing means and in what units is expressed | View |
| 1577 | Discuss how to use phase information in remote sensing | View |
| 1577 | Discuss how to use phase information in remote sensing | View |
| 1578 | Explain what the mathematical description of the phase is | View |
| 1578 | Explain what the mathematical description of the phase is | View |
| 1579 | Explain and apply phase unwrapping | View |
| 1579 | Explain and apply phase unwrapping | View |
| 1580 | Explain what the attenuation length and penetration depth are | View |
| 1580 | Explain what the attenuation length and penetration depth are | View |
| 1581 | Compare and discuss attenuation length and penetration depth of the optical and radar signal | View |
| 1581 | Compare and discuss attenuation length and penetration depth of the optical and radar signal | View |
| 1582 | Explain and discuss surface roughness in microwave remote sensing | View |
| 1582 | Explain and discuss surface roughness in microwave remote sensing | View |
| 1583 | Recognize different types of surface roughness on a radar image | View |
| 1583 | Recognize different types of surface roughness on a radar image | View |
| 1584 | Discuss what surface height variation (or RMS height) is | View |
| 1584 | Discuss what surface height variation (or RMS height) is | View |
| 1585 | Discuss what horizontal roughness component (correlation legth) is | View |
| 1585 | Discuss what horizontal roughness component (correlation legth) is | View |
| 1586 | Explain surface correlation function | View |
| 1586 | Explain surface correlation function | View |
| 1587 | Model surface roughness slope | View |
| 1587 | Model surface roughness slope | View |
| 1588 | Discuss scale of roughness of microwaves | View |
| 1588 | Discuss scale of roughness of microwaves | View |
| 1589 | Explain scattering matrix | View |
| 1589 | Explain scattering matrix | View |
| 1590 | Construct scattering matrix | View |
| 1590 | Construct scattering matrix | View |
| 1591 | Explain covariance and coherence matrix | View |
| 1591 | Explain covariance and coherence matrix | View |
| 1592 | Explain Stokes vector | View |
| 1592 | Explain Stokes vector | View |
| 1593 | Apply covariance and coherence matrix | View |
| 1593 | Apply covariance and coherence matrix | View |
| 1594 | Discuss polarimetric decomporition techniques | View |
| 1594 | Discuss polarimetric decomporition techniques | View |
| 1595 | Apply polarimetric decomporition techniques | View |
| 1595 | Apply polarimetric decomporition techniques | View |
| 1596 | Explain polarimetric coherences | View |
| 1596 | Explain polarimetric coherences | View |
| 1597 | Explain polarisation ellipse | View |
| 1597 | Explain polarisation ellipse | View |
| 1598 | Apply Jones vector formalism | View |
| 1598 | Apply Jones vector formalism | View |
| 1599 | Explain the concept of polarisation synthesis | View |
| 1599 | Explain the concept of polarisation synthesis | View |
| 1600 | Explain one biophysical parameter and the EO technologies to estimate it for a specific region of interest | View |
| 1600 | Explain one biophysical parameter and the EO technologies to estimate it for a specific region of interest | View |
| 1601 | Explain how a DSM differs from a DTM | View |
| 1601 | Explain how a DSM differs from a DTM | View |
| 1602 | Explain one of the EO methods that allow DEM generation | View |
| 1602 | Explain one of the EO methods that allow DEM generation | View |
| 1603 | Explain how the DEM generation with SfM works and discuss its differences to the traditional method of DEM extraction with stereographic photogrammetry | View |
| 1603 | Explain how the DEM generation with SfM works and discuss its differences to the traditional method of DEM extraction with stereographic photogrammetry | View |
| 1604 | Apply k-Means clustering to an image to extract spectrally homogeneous clusters | View |
| 1604 | Apply k-Means clustering to an image to extract spectrally homogeneous clusters | View |
| 1605 | Compare results of the Laplacian of Gaussian filter to the original input image | View |
| 1605 | Compare results of the Laplacian of Gaussian filter to the original input image | View |
| 1699 | Describe the concept of Kinetic Temperature | View |
| 1700 | Understand the diverse set of EO technologies that are capable of mapping different landslide aspects | View |
| 1700 | Understand the diverse set of EO technologies that are capable of mapping different landslide aspects | View |
| 1701 | Explain the capabilities and limitations of a particular EO technology for mapping landslides | View |
| 1701 | Explain the capabilities and limitations of a particular EO technology for mapping landslides | View |
| 1702 | Compare one optical EO method with a SAR method for landslide mapping and explain their differences | View |
| 1702 | Compare one optical EO method with a SAR method for landslide mapping and explain their differences | View |
| 1703 | Explain why the use of multiple EO sensors for mapping landslides associated with one triggering event increases the completeness of a landslide inventory | View |
| 1703 | Explain why the use of multiple EO sensors for mapping landslides associated with one triggering event increases the completeness of a landslide inventory | View |
| 1704 | Explain the quality criteria where EO technologies differ from each other in their capabilities to detect, monitor and forecast landslides | View |
| 1704 | Explain the quality criteria where EO technologies differ from each other in their capabilities to detect, monitor and forecast landslides | View |
| 1705 | Design and test an EO-based workflow for landslide mapping | View |
| 1705 | Design and test an EO-based workflow for landslide mapping | View |
| 1706 | Explain the application of EO information for monitoring urban sprawl | View |
| 1706 | Explain the application of EO information for monitoring urban sprawl | View |
| 1707 | Explain how the CORINE Land Cover product quality depends on its source EO data and how this affects its usage for regional planning. | View |
| 1707 | Explain how the CORINE Land Cover product quality depends on its source EO data and how this affects its usage for regional planning. | View |
| 1708 | Choose a viable strategy for operations in the field of managed living ressources | View |
| 1708 | Choose a viable strategy for operations in the field of managed living ressources | View |
| 1709 | Apply the output of EO/GI tools to decisions in everyday operations | View |
| 1709 | Apply the output of EO/GI tools to decisions in everyday operations | View |
| 1710 | Choose a viable strategy for farming operations | View |
| 1710 | Choose a viable strategy for farming operations | View |
| 1711 | Understand the health of the crop, extent of infestation or stress damage, or potential yield and soil conditions | View |
| 1711 | Understand the health of the crop, extent of infestation or stress damage, or potential yield and soil conditions | View |
| 1712 | Choose a viable strategy for fishing operations | View |
| 1712 | Choose a viable strategy for fishing operations | View |
| 1713 | Understand the health of the fishing grounds | View |
| 1713 | Understand the health of the fishing grounds | View |
| 1714 | Choose a viable strategy for forest operations | View |
| 1714 | Choose a viable strategy for forest operations | View |
| 1715 | Understand the health of the forests | View |
| 1715 | Understand the health of the forests | View |
| 1716 | Develop strategies and policies for energy and mineral resources | View |
| 1716 | Develop strategies and policies for energy and mineral resources | View |
| 1717 | Plan and design project implementations in the field of energy and mineral resources | View |
| 1717 | Plan and design project implementations in the field of energy and mineral resources | View |
| 1718 | Analyse and understand environmental impact / consequences | View |
| 1718 | Analyse and understand environmental impact / consequences | View |
| 1719 | Plan and design alternative energy project implementations | View |
| 1719 | Plan and design alternative energy project implementations | View |
| 1720 | Plan and design oil & gas project implementations | View |
| 1720 | Plan and design oil & gas project implementations | View |
| 1721 | Plan and design mineral & mining project implementations | View |
| 1721 | Plan and design mineral & mining project implementations | View |
| 1722 | Use EO/GI information to plan and design projects, monitor and assess the environment, support decision-making processes, and to tackle environmental challenges | View |
| 1722 | Use EO/GI information to plan and design projects, monitor and assess the environment, support decision-making processes, and to tackle environmental challenges | View |
| 1723 | Monitor changes in infrastructure | View |
| 1723 | Monitor changes in infrastructure | View |
| 1724 | Assess environmental impact of human activities | View |
| 1724 | Assess environmental impact of human activities | View |
| 1725 | Monitor building development | View |
| 1725 | Monitor building development | View |
| 1726 | Detect land movement, subsidence, heave | View |
| 1726 | Detect land movement, subsidence, heave | View |
| 1727 | Monitor pollution in rivers and lakes | View |
| 1727 | Monitor pollution in rivers and lakes | View |
| 1728 | Assess changes in the carbon balance | View |
| 1728 | Assess changes in the carbon balance | View |
| 1729 | Monitor land pollution | View |
| 1729 | Monitor land pollution | View |
| 1730 | Assess changes to urban and rural areas | View |
| 1730 | Assess changes to urban and rural areas | View |
| 1731 | Assess and monitor water quality | View |
| 1731 | Assess and monitor water quality | View |
| 1732 | Assess ground water and run-off | View |
| 1732 | Assess ground water and run-off | View |
| 1733 | Map line of sight visibility (terrain height, land cover) | View |
| 1733 | Map line of sight visibility (terrain height, land cover) | View |
| 1734 | Monitor transportation routes | View |
| 1734 | Monitor transportation routes | View |
| 1735 | Monitor shipping routes | View |
| 1735 | Monitor shipping routes | View |
| 1736 | Interpret land cover change detection | View |
| 1736 | Interpret land cover change detection | View |
| 1737 | Monitor and assess natural hazards | View |
| 1737 | Monitor and assess natural hazards | View |
| 1738 | Assess crop damage due to storms | View |
| 1738 | Assess crop damage due to storms | View |
| 1739 | Assess damage from earthquakes, detect and monitor wildfires | View |
| 1739 | Assess damage from earthquakes, detect and monitor wildfires | View |
| 1740 | Map and assess flooding | View |
| 1740 | Map and assess flooding | View |
| 1741 | Assess and forecast landslides | View |
| 1741 | Assess and forecast landslides | View |
| 1742 | Interpret location based services (LBS) | View |
| 1742 | Interpret location based services (LBS) | View |
| 1743 | Manage the use of land | View |
| 1743 | Manage the use of land | View |
| 1744 | Demonstrate impacts of land use change | View |
| 1744 | Demonstrate impacts of land use change | View |
| 1745 | Identify high risk areas produced naturally or by humans | View |
| 1745 | Identify high risk areas produced naturally or by humans | View |
| 1746 | Identify border incursions or maritime movements | View |
| 1746 | Identify border incursions or maritime movements | View |
| 1747 | Develop monitoring to evaluate and deliver policy goals | View |
| 1747 | Develop monitoring to evaluate and deliver policy goals | View |
| 1748 | Assess ecosystems | View |
| 1748 | Assess ecosystems | View |
| 1749 | Identify rapid response to major environmental risk events | View |
| 1749 | Identify rapid response to major environmental risk events | View |
| 1750 | Identify rapid response to events associated with health security & care | View |
| 1750 | Identify rapid response to events associated with health security & care | View |
| 1751 | Evaluate citizen-driven observations | View |
| 1751 | Evaluate citizen-driven observations | View |
| 1752 | Forecast and monitor ocean winds and waves | View |
| 1752 | Forecast and monitor ocean winds and waves | View |
| 1755 | Evaluate the impact of the climate change | View |
| 1755 | Evaluate the impact of the climate change | View |
| 1756 | Identify impact of a flood | View |
| 1756 | Identify impact of a flood | View |
| 1757 | Assess areas threatened by wildfires | View |
| 1757 | Assess areas threatened by wildfires | View |
| 1758 | Identify geotectonic shifts | View |
| 1758 | Identify geotectonic shifts | View |
| 1759 | Identify geological features | View |
| 1759 | Identify geological features | View |
| 1760 | Compare glacier extents using EO data | View |
| 1760 | Compare glacier extents using EO data | View |
| 1761 | Calculate the water depth in coastal areas | View |
| 1761 | Calculate the water depth in coastal areas | View |
| 1762 | Analyse the strength of a hurricane | View |
| 1762 | Analyse the strength of a hurricane | View |
| 1763 | Identify wake trailing to detect ships using EO data | View |
| 1763 | Identify wake trailing to detect ships using EO data | View |
| 1764 | Identify sea-ice or icebergs using EO data | View |
| 1764 | Identify sea-ice or icebergs using EO data | View |
| 1765 | Analyse and classify different land covers | View |
| 1765 | Analyse and classify different land covers | View |
| 1766 | Use NDVI to estimate the vegetation cover | View |
| 1766 | Use NDVI to estimate the vegetation cover | View |
| 1767 | Combine different bands to calculate NDVI | View |
| 1767 | Combine different bands to calculate NDVI | View |
| 1768 | Detect and monitor oil slicks | View |
| 1768 | Detect and monitor oil slicks | View |
| 1769 | Create new EO products out of raw data or other products | View |
| 1769 | Create new EO products out of raw data or other products | View |
| 1770 | Apply methods that assign labels to objects or locations in a field | View |
| 1770 | Apply methods that assign labels to objects or locations in a field | View |
| 1771 | Apply a cloud mask to optical EO data | View |
| 1771 | Apply a cloud mask to optical EO data | View |
| 1772 | Apply a semi-automated search to detect man-made objects like buildings or ships | View |
| 1772 | Apply a semi-automated search to detect man-made objects like buildings or ships | View |
| 1773 | Develop an event map based on a time-series analysis | View |
| 1773 | Develop an event map based on a time-series analysis | View |
| 1774 | Interpret information from EO products or EO time series | View |
| 1774 | Interpret information from EO products or EO time series | View |
| 1775 | Understand how the tracking of moving objects is implemented | View |
| 1775 | Understand how the tracking of moving objects is implemented | View |
| 1776 | Interpret the output of an point cloud measurement | View |
| 1776 | Interpret the output of an point cloud measurement | View |
| 1777 | Analyse the ice shield loss due to melting | View |
| 1777 | Analyse the ice shield loss due to melting | View |
| 1778 | Analyse vector fields to determine wind directions | View |
| 1778 | Analyse vector fields to determine wind directions | View |
| 1779 | Determine object movement by comparing subsequent images | View |
| 1779 | Determine object movement by comparing subsequent images | View |
| 1780 | Relate EO measurements with detected features | View |
| 1780 | Relate EO measurements with detected features | View |
| 1781 | Produce forecasts for flood risk areas | View |
| 1781 | Produce forecasts for flood risk areas | View |
| 1782 | Identify construction sites | View |
| 1782 | Identify construction sites | View |
| 1783 | Use 3D textured models to present study area | View |
| 1783 | Use 3D textured models to present study area | View |
| 1784 | Decide on urban planning measures on the basis of a semantic 3D model | View |
| 1784 | Decide on urban planning measures on the basis of a semantic 3D model | View |
| 1785 | Illustrate the information of EO data | View |
| 1785 | Illustrate the information of EO data | View |
| 1786 | Interpret the content of EO data | View |
| 1786 | Interpret the content of EO data | View |
| 1787 | Understand the technology behind LiDAR as an active sensor and what makes it different from the other existing Remote Sensing approaches | View |
| 1787 | Understand the technology behind LiDAR as an active sensor and what makes it different from the other existing Remote Sensing approaches | View |
| 1788 | Develop thorough understanding of the complex process from collecting the LiDAR data to generation of the final modeled outputs | View |
| 1788 | Develop thorough understanding of the complex process from collecting the LiDAR data to generation of the final modeled outputs | View |
| 1789 | Enable citizen skills spatially | View |
| 1789 | Enable citizen skills spatially | View |
| 1790 | Demonstrate multidisciplinarity, combining GISciences, Social Sciences, Smart Cities, Computational Sciences and Social Media | View |
| 1790 | Demonstrate multidisciplinarity, combining GISciences, Social Sciences, Smart Cities, Computational Sciences and Social Media | View |
| 1791 | Develop sense of space | View |
| 1791 | Develop sense of space | View |
| 1800 | Interpret generally the functionality offered by "portal frameworks" land Geoportals like Geonetwork, Opengeoportal, Esri geoportal server, Degree portal, Liferay, Jboss portal | View |
| 1800 | Interpret generally the functionality offered by "portal frameworks" land Geoportals like Geonetwork, Opengeoportal, Esri geoportal server, Degree portal, Liferay, Jboss portal | View |
| 1801 | Identify differences, advantages and disadvantages of web application framework based and portal framework based web applications from the geospatial data perspective | View |
| 1801 | Identify differences, advantages and disadvantages of web application framework based and portal framework based web applications from the geospatial data perspective | View |
| 1802 | Indicate generally how "NSDI-requiring-scenarios"would be handled by web application framework based applications | View |
| 1802 | Indicate generally how "NSDI-requiring-scenarios"would be handled by web application framework based applications | View |
| 1803 | Explain how JSON (GeoJSON)`s "schema-less"structure may be transformed into an application schema | View |
| 1803 | Explain how JSON (GeoJSON)`s "schema-less"structure may be transformed into an application schema | View |
| 1804 | Identify the need for and main issues in spatial data interchange | View |
| 1804 | Identify the need for and main issues in spatial data interchange | View |
| 1805 | Identify the main components of OGC Filter encoding and compare it to SQL | View |
| 1805 | Identify the main components of OGC Filter encoding and compare it to SQL | View |
| 1806 | Practically apply getting data from a WFS and integrate it into a client application | View |
| 1806 | Practically apply getting data from a WFS and integrate it into a client application | View |
| 1807 | Practically apply getting data from a WCS and integrate it into a client application | View |
| 1807 | Practically apply getting data from a WCS and integrate it into a client application | View |
| 1808 | Demonstrate the usage of popular ETL tools in an NSDI scenario | View |
| 1808 | Demonstrate the usage of popular ETL tools in an NSDI scenario | View |
| 1809 | Define web services composition (WSC) concept and identify main issues | View |
| 1809 | Define web services composition (WSC) concept and identify main issues | View |
| 1810 | Define Web API composition (WAPIC) concept for RESTful WSs and identify main issues | View |
| 1810 | Define Web API composition (WAPIC) concept for RESTful WSs and identify main issues | View |
| 1811 | Apply a WSC for a certain use case in Taverna workbench using OGC WPS services | View |
| 1811 | Apply a WSC for a certain use case in Taverna workbench using OGC WPS services | View |
| 1812 | Define OGC Simple Features Access Schema. Well-Known Text (WKT) and Well-Known Binary (WKB) representations of Geometry | View |
| 1812 | Define OGC Simple Features Access Schema. Well-Known Text (WKT) and Well-Known Binary (WKB) representations of Geometry | View |
| 1813 | interpret GML data model and GML definition of geometry. GML application schemas and GML documents | View |
| 1813 | interpret GML data model and GML definition of geometry. GML application schemas and GML documents | View |
| 1814 | Define spatial extensions that GeoSPARQL brings over SPARQL. Identify the difference between qualitative spatial reasoning and quantitative spatial computations | View |
| 1814 | Define spatial extensions that GeoSPARQL brings over SPARQL. Identify the difference between qualitative spatial reasoning and quantitative spatial computations | View |
| 1815 | Define GeoJSON definition of Geospatial objects and describe the structure of a GeoJSON document and identify advantages and disadvantages of representing the same geospatial data in GML and in GeoJSON | View |
| 1815 | Define GeoJSON definition of Geospatial objects and describe the structure of a GeoJSON document and identify advantages and disadvantages of representing the same geospatial data in GML and in GeoJSON | View |
| 1816 | Compare different Geospatial object and geometry definitions included under this topic | View |
| 1816 | Compare different Geospatial object and geometry definitions included under this topic | View |
| 1817 | Define Resource Description Framework (RDF), its RDF graphs, RDF Schema (RDF-S)and a data set in RDF | View |
| 1817 | Define Resource Description Framework (RDF), its RDF graphs, RDF Schema (RDF-S)and a data set in RDF | View |
| 1818 | Explain Web Ontology Language (OWL) and how to define a data set in OWL DL | View |
| 1818 | Explain Web Ontology Language (OWL) and how to define a data set in OWL DL | View |
| 1819 | Identify virtues of defining a given data set in both RDF and OWL, and compare semantic richness of both definitions | View |
| 1819 | Identify virtues of defining a given data set in both RDF and OWL, and compare semantic richness of both definitions | View |
| 1820 | Define Semantic Web and identify the role of the languages included under this topic for Semantic Web | View |
| 1820 | Define Semantic Web and identify the role of the languages included under this topic for Semantic Web | View |
| 1821 | Identify the relation between OWL-S and WSDL and give an overview of Semantic Web service definition in OWL-S | View |
| 1821 | Identify the relation between OWL-S and WSDL and give an overview of Semantic Web service definition in OWL-S | View |
| 1822 | Define the components of a Web Services Description Language (WSDL) document | View |
| 1822 | Define the components of a Web Services Description Language (WSDL) document | View |
| 1823 | Use Web services description for RESTful web services, Web Application Description Language (WADL) and its use | View |
| 1823 | Use Web services description for RESTful web services, Web Application Description Language (WADL) and its use | View |
| 1824 | Define what an ontology is. Identify differences among ontologies, Thesauri, and taxonomies | View |
| 1824 | Define what an ontology is. Identify differences among ontologies, Thesauri, and taxonomies | View |
| 1825 | Differentiate between upper, domain, and application level ontologies | View |
| 1825 | Differentiate between upper, domain, and application level ontologies | View |
| 1826 | Identify issues in the development of geospatial ontologies. Criticise the role of ontology development methodologies and ontology evaluation in the development of ontologies | View |
| 1826 | Identify issues in the development of geospatial ontologies. Criticise the role of ontology development methodologies and ontology evaluation in the development of ontologies | View |
| 1827 | Define and exemplify the reuse of ontologies - Define and identify the role of ontology patterns | View |
| 1827 | Define and exemplify the reuse of ontologies - Define and identify the role of ontology patterns | View |
| 1828 | Explain how analytical methods are used to derive analytical results from geospatial data | View |
| 1828 | Explain how analytical methods are used to derive analytical results from geospatial data | View |
| 1829 | Differentiate among the concepts of scale (as in map scale), support, scope, and resolution | View |
| 1829 | Differentiate among the concepts of scale (as in map scale), support, scope, and resolution | View |
| 1830 | Determine the mathematical relationships among scale, scope, and resolution | View |
| 1830 | Determine the mathematical relationships among scale, scope, and resolution | View |
| 1831 | Defend or refute the statement "GIS data are scaleless" | View |
| 1831 | Defend or refute the statement "GIS data are scaleless" | View |
| 1832 | Discuss the implications of tradeoff between data detail and data volume | View |
| 1832 | Discuss the implications of tradeoff between data detail and data volume | View |
| 1833 | Select a level of data detail and accuracy appropriate for a particular application (e.g., viewshed analysis, continental land cover change) | View |
| 1833 | Select a level of data detail and accuracy appropriate for a particular application (e.g., viewshed analysis, continental land cover change) | View |
| 1834 | Understand the benefits of publishing and using open data | View |
| 1834 | Understand the benefits of publishing and using open data | View |
| 1835 | Explain what open data and the main principles of open data are | View |
| 1835 | Explain what open data and the main principles of open data are | View |
| 1836 | Publish a dataset as open data | View |
| 1836 | Publish a dataset as open data | View |
| 1837 | Determine if a dataset can be considered as open data | View |
| 1837 | Determine if a dataset can be considered as open data | View |
| 1838 | Compare and explain different models for funding an SDI | View |
| 1838 | Compare and explain different models for funding an SDI | View |
| 1839 | Describe and explain the funding model of an existing SDI | View |
| 1839 | Describe and explain the funding model of an existing SDI | View |
| 1840 | Explain the impact of open data policies on SDI funding models | View |
| 1840 | Explain the impact of open data policies on SDI funding models | View |
| 1841 | Explain why the process "dissolve and merge" often follows vector overlay operations | View |
| 1841 | Explain why the process "dissolve and merge" often follows vector overlay operations | View |
| 1842 | Explain what is meant by the term "planar enforcement" | View |
| 1842 | Explain what is meant by the term "planar enforcement" | View |
| 1843 | Outline the possible sources of error in overlay operations | View |
| 1843 | Outline the possible sources of error in overlay operations | View |
| 1844 | Exemplify applications in which overlay is useful, such as site suitability analysis | View |
| 1844 | Exemplify applications in which overlay is useful, such as site suitability analysis | View |
| 1845 | Compare and contrast the concept of overlay as it is implemented in raster and vector domains | View |
| 1845 | Compare and contrast the concept of overlay as it is implemented in raster and vector domains | View |
| 1846 | Demonstrate how the geometric operations of intersection and overlay can be implemented in GIS | View |
| 1846 | Demonstrate how the geometric operations of intersection and overlay can be implemented in GIS | View |
| 1847 | Demonstrate why the georegistration of datasets is critical to the success of any map overlay operation | View |
| 1847 | Demonstrate why the georegistration of datasets is critical to the success of any map overlay operation | View |
| 1848 | Formalize the operation called map overlay using Boolean logic | View |
| 1848 | Formalize the operation called map overlay using Boolean logic | View |
| 1849 | Explain in which cases digitizing is a relevant data production technique | View |
| 1849 | Explain in which cases digitizing is a relevant data production technique | View |
| 1850 | Develop a strategy to improve the performance of an SDI initiative | View |
| 1850 | Develop a strategy to improve the performance of an SDI initiative | View |
| 1851 | Explain what SDI governance is and why it is important in the development and implementation of SDIs | View |
| 1851 | Explain what SDI governance is and why it is important in the development and implementation of SDIs | View |
| 1852 | Discuss the governance structure in place of a particular country | View |
| 1852 | Discuss the governance structure in place of a particular country | View |
| 1853 | Design an effective governance structure for a national SDI | View |
| 1853 | Design an effective governance structure for a national SDI | View |
| 1854 | Explain the main objectives of an SDI | View |
| 1854 | Explain the main objectives of an SDI | View |
| 1855 | Identify and discuss the different components of an SDI | View |
| 1855 | Identify and discuss the different components of an SDI | View |
| 1856 | Use the models of ‘SDI generations’ and ‘SDI components’ to describe the main elements of an existing SDI initiative | View |
| 1856 | Use the models of ‘SDI generations’ and ‘SDI components’ to describe the main elements of an existing SDI initiative | View |
| 1857 | Explain the relevant legal and organizational issues around development and implementation of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) | View |
| 1857 | Explain the relevant legal and organizational issues around development and implementation of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) | View |
| 1858 | Explain the relevant technological issues around development and implementation of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) | View |
| 1858 | Explain the relevant technological issues around development and implementation of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) | View |
| 1859 | Explain the different steps in the geo-information value chain | View |
| 1859 | Explain the different steps in the geo-information value chain | View |
| 1860 | Apply the geo-information value chain approach to an existing geo-information process | View |
| 1860 | Apply the geo-information value chain approach to an existing geo-information process | View |
| 1861 | Identify and explain the different actors and their roles in the geo-information value chain | View |
| 1861 | Identify and explain the different actors and their roles in the geo-information value chain | View |
| 1862 | Explain what a business model is and how is used | View |
| 1862 | Explain what a business model is and how is used | View |
| 1863 | Apply a business model framework to identify the different components of a business model in the GI domain | View |
| 1863 | Apply a business model framework to identify the different components of a business model in the GI domain | View |
| 1864 | Compare and explain the main business models in the GI domain | View |
| 1864 | Compare and explain the main business models in the GI domain | View |
| 1865 | Explain the business model of an organization in the GI domain | View |
| 1866 | Explain semantic annotation of data and services | View |
| 1866 | Explain semantic annotation of data and services | View |
| 1867 | Solve issues in determining what ontologies to use for semantic annotation | View |
| 1867 | Solve issues in determining what ontologies to use for semantic annotation | View |
| 1868 | Identify issues in developing new ontologies for geospatial data | View |
| 1868 | Identify issues in developing new ontologies for geospatial data | View |
| 1869 | Define Mapping between legacy definition and the semantic definition of publish | View |
| 1869 | Define Mapping between legacy definition and the semantic definition of publish | View |
| 1870 | Indicate an architecture and tools for organizing semantically annotated data | View |
| 1870 | Indicate an architecture and tools for organizing semantically annotated data | View |
| 1871 | Illustrate stages of publishing a relational database as Linked Data | View |
| 1871 | Illustrate stages of publishing a relational database as Linked Data | View |
| 1872 | Identify issues in finding proper ontologies to annotate the data | View |
| 1872 | Identify issues in finding proper ontologies to annotate the data | View |
| 1873 | Identify issues in determining the relationships to be represented when publishing Linked Data | View |
| 1873 | Identify issues in determining the relationships to be represented when publishing Linked Data | View |
| 1874 | Relate with manual and automated methods linking data | View |
| 1874 | Relate with manual and automated methods linking data | View |
| 1875 | Apply publishing a relational database as Linked Data | View |
| 1875 | Apply publishing a relational database as Linked Data | View |
| 1876 | Identify main issues in "keyword-based" discovery of data and services | View |
| 1876 | Identify main issues in "keyword-based" discovery of data and services | View |
| 1877 | Demonstrate how to discover over a catalogue service; and the discovery procedure in OGC CS-W | View |
| 1877 | Demonstrate how to discover over a catalogue service; and the discovery procedure in OGC CS-W | View |
| 1878 | Perform discovery over some popular SDI (NSDI) portals like INSPIRE and GOS geoportals | View |
| 1878 | Perform discovery over some popular SDI (NSDI) portals like INSPIRE and GOS geoportals | View |
| 1879 | Use "Full-text-based" discovery; open source and commercial search engines, its use in GI related applications | View |
| 1879 | Use "Full-text-based" discovery; open source and commercial search engines, its use in GI related applications | View |
| 1880 | Semantic Discovery and its main components. Identify the areas of its use for GI related applications | View |
| 1880 | Semantic Discovery and its main components. Identify the areas of its use for GI related applications | View |
| 1881 | Identify the main concepts of reasoning and architectural components of Reasoners | View |
| 1881 | Identify the main concepts of reasoning and architectural components of Reasoners | View |
| 1882 | Identify main issues in Semantic discovery | View |
| 1882 | Identify main issues in Semantic discovery | View |
| 1883 | Indicate some examples of semantic discovery; Semantic search engines, highlighting projects and practice concerning GI related applications in the area | View |
| 1883 | Indicate some examples of semantic discovery; Semantic search engines, highlighting projects and practice concerning GI related applications in the area | View |
| 1884 | Describe Querying Linked Data; SPARQL and GeoSPARQL | View |
| 1884 | Describe Querying Linked Data; SPARQL and GeoSPARQL | View |
| 1885 | Describe Linked Data Browsers; Define Faceted browsers and identify what problems of linked data discovery they aim to solve | View |
| 1885 | Describe Linked Data Browsers; Define Faceted browsers and identify what problems of linked data discovery they aim to solve | View |
| 1886 | Use Natural language based discovery over linked data | View |
| 1886 | Use Natural language based discovery over linked data | View |
| 1887 | Compare Linked geospatial data to SDI approaches | View |
| 1887 | Compare Linked geospatial data to SDI approaches | View |
| 1888 | Identify whether Full-automated WSC has still a value in it concerning both where we stand today on the road to 'Semantic Web' and unresolved problems in the area, which are the problems of Artificial Intelligence indeed | View |
| 1888 | Identify whether Full-automated WSC has still a value in it concerning both where we stand today on the road to 'Semantic Web' and unresolved problems in the area, which are the problems of Artificial Intelligence indeed | View |
| 1889 | Indicate main elements of HTML5 | View |
| 1889 | Indicate main elements of HTML5 | View |
| 1890 | Identify building blocks of Javascript programming language | View |
| 1890 | Identify building blocks of Javascript programming language | View |
| 1891 | Understand the importance of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to separate content from style in HMTL documents | View |
| 1891 | Understand the importance of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to separate content from style in HMTL documents | View |
| 1892 | Outline the use Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) for client-side graphic processing | View |
| 1892 | Outline the use Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) for client-side graphic processing | View |
| 1893 | Examine the Document Object Model (DOM) in HTML documents | View |
| 1893 | Examine the Document Object Model (DOM) in HTML documents | View |
| 1894 | Identify main elements and functionality Google maps, describe some of its most popular API operations and how they are employed | View |
| 1894 | Identify main elements and functionality Google maps, describe some of its most popular API operations and how they are employed | View |
| 1895 | Identify main components and functionality of Openlayers library, describe its main functions and how they are employed | View |
| 1895 | Identify main components and functionality of Openlayers library, describe its main functions and how they are employed | View |
| 1896 | Identify main components and functionality of Leaflet library, describe its main functions and how they are employed | View |
| 1896 | Identify main components and functionality of Leaflet library, describe its main functions and how they are employed | View |
| 1897 | Identify main elements and functionality Mapbox, describe some of its most popular API operations and how they are employed | View |
| 1897 | Identify main elements and functionality Mapbox, describe some of its most popular API operations and how they are employed | View |
| 1898 | Indicate an overview of OpenStreetMap and define its general functionality, comment its usage by Web APIs | View |
| 1898 | Indicate an overview of OpenStreetMap and define its general functionality, comment its usage by Web APIs | View |
| 1899 | Provide examples of cases in which crouwdsourcing is the most effective data collection method | View |
| 1899 | Provide examples of cases in which crouwdsourcing is the most effective data collection method | View |
| 1900 | Define metadata and identify metadata standards like ISO 19115 and 19119 describe their metadata schema generally | View |
| 1900 | Define metadata and identify metadata standards like ISO 19115 and 19119 describe their metadata schema generally | View |
| 1901 | Differentiate between a metadata standard and a metadata profile | View |
| 1901 | Differentiate between a metadata standard and a metadata profile | View |
| 1902 | Identify the aspects of selecting keywords which would characterize the data properly | View |
| 1902 | Identify the aspects of selecting keywords which would characterize the data properly | View |
| 1903 | Identify the issues in mapping between different metadata standards. Also identify the roles of thesauri and crosswalks | View |
| 1903 | Identify the issues in mapping between different metadata standards. Also identify the roles of thesauri and crosswalks | View |
| 1904 | Review briefly INSPIRE Metadata handling Scheme | View |
| 1905 | Identify main components of manual metadata creation software tools | View |
| 1905 | Identify main components of manual metadata creation software tools | View |
| 1906 | Demonstrate harvesting and crawling mechanisms for automated metadata collection | View |
| 1906 | Demonstrate harvesting and crawling mechanisms for automated metadata collection | View |
| 1907 | Apply harvesting using GeoNetwork Open Source tool | View |
| 1907 | Apply harvesting using GeoNetwork Open Source tool | View |
| 1908 | Demonstrate publishing in some popular SDI (NSDI) portals like INSPIRE and GOS geoportals | View |
| 1908 | Demonstrate publishing in some popular SDI (NSDI) portals like INSPIRE and GOS geoportals | View |
| 1909 | Examine Metadata schema and vocabularies used for open data publishing | View |
| 1909 | Examine Metadata schema and vocabularies used for open data publishing | View |
| 1910 | Use open data APIs that enable the usage of Open data; identify design aspects and usage scenarios | View |
| 1910 | Use open data APIs that enable the usage of Open data; identify design aspects and usage scenarios | View |
| 1911 | Describe the basic forms of generalization used in applications in addition to cartography (e.g., selection, simplification) | View |
| 1911 | Describe the basic forms of generalization used in applications in addition to cartography (e.g., selection, simplification) | View |
| 1912 | Discuss the possible effects on topological integrity of generalizing data sets | View |
| 1912 | Discuss the possible effects on topological integrity of generalizing data sets | View |
| 1913 | Explain why areal generalization is more difficult than line simplification | View |
| 1913 | Explain why areal generalization is more difficult than line simplification | View |
| 1914 | Explain the logic of the Douglas-Peucker line simplification algorithm | View |
| 1914 | Explain the logic of the Douglas-Peucker line simplification algorithm | View |
| 1915 | Explain the pitfalls of using data generalized for small scale display in a large scale application | View |
| 1915 | Explain the pitfalls of using data generalized for small scale display in a large scale application | View |
| 1916 | Design an experiment that allows one to evaluate the effect of traditional approaches of cartographic generalization on the quality of digital data sets created from analog originals | View |
| 1916 | Design an experiment that allows one to evaluate the effect of traditional approaches of cartographic generalization on the quality of digital data sets created from analog originals | View |
| 1917 | Evaluate various line simplification algorithms by their usefulness in different applications | View |
| 1917 | Evaluate various line simplification algorithms by their usefulness in different applications | View |
| 1918 | Apply open data publishing using CKAN Open source tool | View |
| 1918 | Apply open data publishing using CKAN Open source tool | View |
| 1919 | Explain what is meant by "Odata" (Open data Protocol), an OASIS standard | View |
| 1919 | Explain what is meant by "Odata" (Open data Protocol), an OASIS standard | View |
| 1920 | Identify the technical aspects that open data paradigm would affect concerning Spatial Data Infrastructures including NSDIs | View |
| 1920 | Identify the technical aspects that open data paradigm would affect concerning Spatial Data Infrastructures including NSDIs | View |
| 1921 | Identify a variety of likely measurement level transformations (e.g., the classification of ratio data yields ordinal data) | View |
| 1921 | Identify a variety of likely measurement level transformations (e.g., the classification of ratio data yields ordinal data) | View |
| 1922 | Discuss the relationship of attribute measurement levels to database query operations | View |
| 1922 | Discuss the relationship of attribute measurement levels to database query operations | View |
| 1923 | Describe the pitfalls, in terms of information loss and analytical options, of transforming attribute measurement levels | View |
| 1923 | Describe the pitfalls, in terms of information loss and analytical options, of transforming attribute measurement levels | View |
| 1924 | Reclassify (group) a nominal attribute domain to fewer, broader classes | View |
| 1924 | Reclassify (group) a nominal attribute domain to fewer, broader classes | View |
| 1925 | Reclassify a raster before converting it into a vector file | View |
| 1925 | Reclassify a raster before converting it into a vector file | View |
| 1931 | Explain the main differences between image orthorectification, geo-referencing, and co-registration | View |
| 1931 | Explain the main differences between image orthorectification, geo-referencing, and co-registration | View |
| 1932 | Describe the advantages and disadvantages of analytical and physical-based models for orthorectification | View |
| 1932 | Describe the advantages and disadvantages of analytical and physical-based models for orthorectification | View |
| 1933 | Understand the underlying assumptions for spatial stochastics process | View |
| 1933 | Understand the underlying assumptions for spatial stochastics process | View |
| 1934 | Explain the need for the stationarity assumption | View |
| 1934 | Explain the need for the stationarity assumption | View |
| 1935 | Explain the different forms of kriging | View |
| 1935 | Explain the different forms of kriging | View |
| 1936 | Ability to define elements and requirements of the spatial weight matrix | View |
| 1936 | Ability to define elements and requirements of the spatial weight matrix | View |
| 1937 | Identify the different methods for constructing spatial weigh matrix | View |
| 1937 | Identify the different methods for constructing spatial weigh matrix | View |
| 1938 | Compare the different types of spatial weight matrices | View |
| 1938 | Compare the different types of spatial weight matrices | View |
| 1939 | Understand the assumption under which spatial autocorrelation may occur | View |
| 1939 | Understand the assumption under which spatial autocorrelation may occur | View |
| 1940 | Identify different measures of spatial autocorrelation | View |
| 1940 | Identify different measures of spatial autocorrelation | View |
| 1941 | Understand the assumption under which spatial autocorrelation may occur | View |
| 1941 | Understand the assumption under which spatial autocorrelation may occur | View |
| 1942 | Explain the difference between local and global measures of spatial autocorrelation | View |
| 1942 | Explain the difference between local and global measures of spatial autocorrelation | View |
| 1943 | Identify different measures of spatial autocorrelation | View |
| 1943 | Identify different measures of spatial autocorrelation | View |
| 1944 | Explain the advantage of Bayesian methods over frequentist methods | View |
| 1944 | Explain the advantage of Bayesian methods over frequentist methods | View |
| 1945 | Understand different estimation methods for Bayesian models | View |
| 1945 | Understand different estimation methods for Bayesian models | View |
| 1946 | Convert vector data to raster format and back using the GIS software | View |
| 1946 | Convert vector data to raster format and back using the GIS software | View |
| 1947 | Compare the result of conversion vector/raster or raster/vector and examine the impact of conversion on the quality of the dataset | View |
| 1947 | Compare the result of conversion vector/raster or raster/vector and examine the impact of conversion on the quality of the dataset | View |
| 1948 | Understand and examine the common methods for raster resampling | View |
| 1948 | Understand and examine the common methods for raster resampling | View |
| 1949 | Explain the impact of the applied resampling method on the quality of the output dataset | View |
| 1949 | Explain the impact of the applied resampling method on the quality of the output dataset | View |
| 1950 | Convert a dataset from the native format of one GIS product to another | View |
| 1950 | Convert a dataset from the native format of one GIS product to another | View |
| 1951 | Describe the workflow for converting data from one data model to another | View |
| 1951 | Describe the workflow for converting data from one data model to another | View |
| 1952 | Identify the conceptual and practical difficulties associated with data model and format conversion | View |
| 1952 | Identify the conceptual and practical difficulties associated with data model and format conversion | View |
| 1953 | Understand various formats of storing raster and vector data | View |
| 1953 | Understand various formats of storing raster and vector data | View |
| 1954 | Illustrate the main use of spatial clustering in earth observation | View |
| 1954 | Illustrate the main use of spatial clustering in earth observation | View |
| 1955 | Identify a clustering method which does not require the number of clusters as input | View |
| 1955 | Identify a clustering method which does not require the number of clusters as input | View |
| 1956 | Explain the advantage of the cokriging method in earth observation studies | View |
| 1956 | Explain the advantage of the cokriging method in earth observation studies | View |
| 1957 | Explain the advantage of the cokriging method in earth observation studies | View |
| 1957 | Explain the advantage of the cokriging method in earth observation studies | View |
| 1958 | Explain how reclassification can be used for data simplification and measurement scale change | View |
| 1958 | Explain how reclassification can be used for data simplification and measurement scale change | View |
| 1959 | Explain how buffers can be used in GI analysis | View |
| 1959 | Explain how buffers can be used in GI analysis | View |
| 1960 | Apply basic query operations on a dataset | View |
| 1960 | Apply basic query operations on a dataset | View |
| 1961 | Compare models and software tools that allow for optimization | View |
| 1961 | Compare models and software tools that allow for optimization | View |
| 1962 | Apply analytical methods to solve spatial problems | View |
| 1962 | Apply analytical methods to solve spatial problems | View |
| 1963 | Assess which geometric operations are suitable for raster and vector data sets. | View |
| 1963 | Assess which geometric operations are suitable for raster and vector data sets. | View |
| 1964 | Demonstrate how map algebra can be used to combine tow raster images. | View |
| 1965 | Compare the basic analytical operations of different GISs. | View |
| 1965 | Compare the basic analytical operations of different GISs. | View |
| 1966 | Explain the difference between Generalized multidimensional scaling and Classical multidimensional scaling. | View |
| 1966 | Explain the difference between Generalized multidimensional scaling and Classical multidimensional scaling. | View |
| 1967 | Compare methods of spatial statistical analysis for the testing of hypotheses. | View |
| 1967 | Compare methods of spatial statistical analysis for the testing of hypotheses. | View |
| 1968 | Classify common models for spatial regression analysis. | View |
| 1968 | Classify common models for spatial regression analysis. | View |
| 1969 | Explain in which cases representation transformation is needed. | View |
| 1969 | Explain in which cases representation transformation is needed. | View |
| 1970 | Discuss implications of data loss in the case of generalisation of spatial data. | View |
| 1970 | Discuss implications of data loss in the case of generalisation of spatial data. | View |
| 1971 | Explain how graph theory plays a role in network analysis. | View |
| 1971 | Explain how graph theory plays a role in network analysis. | View |
| 1972 | Describe how conceptual foundations of GI Science have become implemented in GISs. | View |
| 1972 | Describe how conceptual foundations of GI Science have become implemented in GISs. | View |
| 1973 | Compare relationships between entities, between attributes and between locations. | View |
| 1973 | Compare relationships between entities, between attributes and between locations. | View |
| 1974 | Discuss the importance of space, time, properties, and categories as fundamentals in the conceptualization and representation of spatial entities. | View |
| 1974 | Discuss the importance of space, time, properties, and categories as fundamentals in the conceptualization and representation of spatial entities. | View |
| 1975 | Explain Tobler's first law of geography. | View |
| 1975 | Explain Tobler's first law of geography. | View |
| 1976 | Explain how spatial analysis is dependent explicitly on the borders of study fields. | View |
| 1976 | Explain how spatial analysis is dependent explicitly on the borders of study fields. | View |
| 1977 | Distinguish between metaphysics and epistemology. | View |
| 1977 | Distinguish between metaphysics and epistemology. | View |
| 1978 | Distinguish between continuants and occurrents in relation with spatial phenomena. | View |
| 1978 | Distinguish between continuants and occurrents in relation with spatial phenomena. | View |
| 1979 | Relate epistemology to spatial knowledge. | View |
| 1979 | Relate epistemology to spatial knowledge. | View |
| 1980 | Recommend for what applications we should use a field or an object-base approach. | View |
| 1980 | Recommend for what applications we should use a field or an object-base approach. | View |
| 1981 | Illustrate how fields, such as geography, cartography, computer and information science, engineering, mathematics, philosophy, cognitive science, and linguistics have their influence on GI science. | View |
| 1981 | Illustrate how fields, such as geography, cartography, computer and information science, engineering, mathematics, philosophy, cognitive science, and linguistics have their influence on GI science. | View |
| 1982 | Explain which technologies have an impact on GI science. | View |
| 1982 | Explain which technologies have an impact on GI science. | View |
| 1983 | Explain from which scientific fields GIS&T borrows ideas. | View |
| 1983 | Explain from which scientific fields GIS&T borrows ideas. | View |
| 1984 | Explain how linguistics play a role in GI science. | View |
| 1984 | Explain how linguistics play a role in GI science. | View |
| 1985 | Explain the role of metaphors and image schemata in our understanding of geographic phenomena and geographic tasks. | View |
| 1985 | Explain the role of metaphors and image schemata in our understanding of geographic phenomena and geographic tasks. | View |
| 1986 | Differentiate between formal and natural language in GI science applications. | View |
| 1986 | Differentiate between formal and natural language in GI science applications. | View |
| 1987 | Discuss the difference between vagueness and uncertainty. | View |
| 1987 | Discuss the difference between vagueness and uncertainty. | View |
| 1988 | Classify the main knowledge domains of GI Science and Earth observation. | View |
| 1988 | Classify the main knowledge domains of GI Science and Earth observation. | View |
| 1989 | Discuss the synergy between processes in geo-information systems and earth observation systems. | View |
| 1989 | Discuss the synergy between processes in geo-information systems and earth observation systems. | View |
| 1990 | Decide which generalisation technique (aggregation, selection, etc.) is best for a specific situation of reducing map scale. | View |
| 1990 | Decide which generalisation technique (aggregation, selection, etc.) is best for a specific situation of reducing map scale. | View |
| 1991 | Distinguish between transformation methods for raster and vector representations. | View |
| 1991 | Distinguish between transformation methods for raster and vector representations. | View |
| 1992 | Explain how Representation transformations are related to spatial data quality. | View |
| 1992 | Explain how Representation transformations are related to spatial data quality. | View |
| 2000 | Explain radargrammetry technique | View |
| 2001 | Apply radargrammetry technique | View |
| 2002 | Apply InSAR technique | View |
| 2002 | Apply InSAR technique | View |
| 2003 | Apply DInSAR method | View |
| 2003 | Apply DInSAR method | View |
| 2004 | Explain along-track interferometry technique | View |
| 2004 | Explain along-track interferometry technique | View |
| 2005 | Explain across-track interferometry technique | View |
| 2005 | Explain across-track interferometry technique | View |
| 2006 | Discuss advantages and disadvantages of across- and along-track interferometry | View |
| 2006 | Discuss advantages and disadvantages of across- and along-track interferometry | View |
| 2007 | Explain SBAS technique | View |
| 2007 | Explain SBAS technique | View |
| 2008 | Apply SBAS technique | View |
| 2008 | Apply SBAS technique | View |
| 2009 | Explain and discuss the complex elements of a radar signal | View |
| 2009 | Explain and discuss the complex elements of a radar signal | View |
| 2010 | Explain what the phasor represents | View |
| 2010 | Explain what the phasor represents | View |
| 2011 | Explain what the azimuth direction is | View |
| 2011 | Explain what the azimuth direction is | View |
| 2012 | Explain and discuss what the range direction is | View |
| 2012 | Explain and discuss what the range direction is | View |
| 2013 | Explain what an incident angle is | View |
| 2013 | Explain what an incident angle is | View |
| 2014 | Discuss how the angle of SAR signal incidence affects SAR acquisition | View |
| 2014 | Discuss how the angle of SAR signal incidence affects SAR acquisition | View |
| 2015 | Explain and discuss what the foreshortening is | View |
| 2015 | Explain and discuss what the foreshortening is | View |
| 2016 | Produce a geometrically corrected SAR image | View |
| 2016 | Produce a geometrically corrected SAR image | View |
| 2017 | Explain and discuss what the layover is | View |
| 2017 | Explain and discuss what the layover is | View |
| 2018 | Explain and discuss what the shadow in SAR acquisition means | View |
| 2018 | Explain and discuss what the shadow in SAR acquisition means | View |
| 2019 | Explain and discuss the SAR acquisition mode staring spotlight | View |
| 2019 | Explain and discuss the SAR acquisition mode staring spotlight | View |
| 2020 | Explain and discuss the SAR acquisition mode spotlight | View |
| 2020 | Explain and discuss the SAR acquisition mode spotlight | View |
| 2021 | Explain what a data cube is | View |
| 2021 | Explain what a data cube is | View |
| 2022 | Explain and discuss the concept of Big Data in the field of Earth Observation | View |
| 2022 | Explain and discuss the concept of Big Data in the field of Earth Observation | View |
| 2023 | State examples of image description files used in Earth Observation | View |
| 2023 | State examples of image description files used in Earth Observation | View |
| 2024 | Explain and discuss the development of remote sensing data carriers | View |
| 2024 | Explain and discuss the development of remote sensing data carriers | View |
| 2025 | Discuss and compare different types of interactions of microwaves with matter | View |
| 2025 | Discuss and compare different types of interactions of microwaves with matter | View |
| 2026 | Explain the relationship between the material constant and the interaction of microwaves with the object | View |
| 2026 | Explain the relationship between the material constant and the interaction of microwaves with the object | View |
| 2027 | Plan an Earth observation mission objectives and priorities in response to user expectations, taking into account type of application, type of sensor, expected accuracy | View |
| 2027 | Plan an Earth observation mission objectives and priorities in response to user expectations, taking into account type of application, type of sensor, expected accuracy | View |
| 2028 | Explain and discuss what antenna gain is and why it is described as the key performance of a radar antenna | View |
| 2028 | Explain and discuss what antenna gain is and why it is described as the key performance of a radar antenna | View |
| 2029 | Explain what the main representations of radar antenna pattern are | View |
| 2029 | Explain what the main representations of radar antenna pattern are | View |
| 2030 | Calculate the size of the syntheric aperture of a radar system taking into account the platform and sensor specifications | View |
| 2030 | Calculate the size of the syntheric aperture of a radar system taking into account the platform and sensor specifications | View |
| 2031 | Check incidance angle of a SAR system in data metadata | View |
| 2031 | Check incidance angle of a SAR system in data metadata | View |
| 2032 | Calculate the radar antenna footprint taking into account the orbit of the radar system and bandwidth | View |
| 2032 | Calculate the radar antenna footprint taking into account the orbit of the radar system and bandwidth | View |
| 2033 | Check and discuss an local incidence angle of a SAR system in data metadata | View |
| 2033 | Check and discuss an local incidence angle of a SAR system in data metadata | View |
| 2034 | Explain the principle of the radargrammetric equation | View |
| 2034 | Explain the principle of the radargrammetric equation | View |
| 2035 | Select and apply the radargrammetric equation | View |
| 2035 | Select and apply the radargrammetric equation | View |
| 2036 | Explain and apply radargrammteric image processing | View |
| 2037 | Explain the principles of the SAR tomography | View |
| 2037 | Explain the principles of the SAR tomography | View |
| 2038 | Apply SAR tomography | View |
| 2038 | Apply SAR tomography | View |
| 2039 | Explain the geophysical method using ground penetrating radar | View |
| 2039 | Explain the geophysical method using ground penetrating radar | View |
| 2040 | Explain how the radar speckle is formed | View |
| 2040 | Explain how the radar speckle is formed | View |
| 2041 | Explain principles of the real aperture radar | View |
| 2041 | Explain principles of the real aperture radar | View |
| 2042 | Explain principles of the coherent and active systems | View |
| 2042 | Explain principles of the coherent and active systems | View |
| 2043 | Discuss radar antennas | View |
| 2043 | Discuss radar antennas | View |
| 2044 | Plan the calibration of the radar antenna | View |
| 2044 | Plan the calibration of the radar antenna | View |
| 2045 | Explain plant permitivity and its effect on radar data acquisition | View |
| 2045 | Explain plant permitivity and its effect on radar data acquisition | View |
| 2046 | Explain dielectric properties of objects and their effect on radar data acquisition | View |
| 2046 | Explain dielectric properties of objects and their effect on radar data acquisition | View |
| 2047 | Calculate radar beta nought | View |
| 2047 | Calculate radar beta nought | View |
| 2048 | Calculate radar gamma nought | View |
| 2048 | Calculate radar gamma nought | View |
| 2049 | Calculate radar sigma nought | View |
| 2049 | Calculate radar sigma nought | View |
| 2050 | Explain what the radar equation is | View |
| 2050 | Explain what the radar equation is | View |
| 2051 | Explain what the radar cross-section is | View |
| 2051 | Explain what the radar cross-section is | View |
| 2052 | Discuss the radiometric anomalies of radar data | View |
| 2052 | Discuss the radiometric anomalies of radar data | View |
| 2053 | Discuss electromagnetic interactions and scattering mechanisms | View |
| 2053 | Discuss electromagnetic interactions and scattering mechanisms | View |
| 2054 | Explain what it is and causes diffraction | View |
| 2054 | Explain what it is and causes diffraction | View |
| 2055 | Explain what the wave-particle dualism is | View |
| 2055 | Explain what the wave-particle dualism is | View |
| 2056 | Explain why the Doppler effect is important in radar remote sensing | View |
| 2056 | Explain why the Doppler effect is important in radar remote sensing | View |
| 2057 | Explain what coherent means in radar remote sensing | View |
| 2057 | Explain what coherent means in radar remote sensing | View |
| 2058 | Explain how fourier transformation is used to generate radar image | View |
| 2058 | Explain how fourier transformation is used to generate radar image | View |
| 2059 | Explain why a radar signal needs a complex waveform description | View |
| 2059 | Explain why a radar signal needs a complex waveform description | View |
| 2060 | Explain what can be measured with a seismic sensor or seismic sensors | View |
| 2060 | Explain what can be measured with a seismic sensor or seismic sensors | View |
| 2061 | Explain what can be measured with a sonic sensor | View |
| 2061 | Explain what can be measured with a sonic sensor | View |
| 2062 | Explain what can bea measeard with a sonar sensor | View |
| 2062 | Explain what can bea measeard with a sonar sensor | View |
| 2063 | Explain what the interferometric wide swath mode is | View |
| 2063 | Explain what the interferometric wide swath mode is | View |
| 2064 | Apply SAR data acquired in interferometric wide swath mode | View |
| 2064 | Apply SAR data acquired in interferometric wide swath mode | View |
| 2065 | Discuss the main applications using the extra wide swath mode | View |
| 2065 | Discuss the main applications using the extra wide swath mode | View |
| 2066 | Select an optical spectrometer suitable for your application taking into account the acquired wavelength | View |
| 2066 | Select an optical spectrometer suitable for your application taking into account the acquired wavelength | View |
| 2067 | Discuss how line detectors array sensors work | View |
| 2067 | Discuss how line detectors array sensors work | View |
| 2068 | Explain the principle of across track scanning | View |
| 2068 | Explain the principle of across track scanning | View |
| 2069 | Discuss the use of area array sensors in remote sensing | View |
| 2069 | Discuss the use of area array sensors in remote sensing | View |
| 2070 | Discuss the use of digital frame cameras in remote sensing | View |
| 2070 | Discuss the use of digital frame cameras in remote sensing | View |
| 2071 | Discuss what the main characteristics of radiometers are | View |
| 2071 | Discuss what the main characteristics of radiometers are | View |
| 2072 | Discuss the differences between imaging and non-imaging sensors | View |
| 2072 | Discuss the differences between imaging and non-imaging sensors | View |
| 2073 | Discuss the main properties of thermal radiometers | View |
| 2073 | Discuss the main properties of thermal radiometers | View |
| 2074 | Discuss the main properties of passive microwave radiometers | View |
| 2074 | Discuss the main properties of passive microwave radiometers | View |
| 2075 | Discuss the main properties of hyperspectral radiometers | View |
| 2075 | Discuss the main properties of hyperspectral radiometers | View |
| 2076 | Discuss the use of data obtained by spectroradiometer | View |
| 2076 | Discuss the use of data obtained by spectroradiometer | View |
| 2077 | Discuss what types of electromagnetic waves the laser profiler uses | View |
| 2077 | Discuss what types of electromagnetic waves the laser profiler uses | View |
| 2078 | Discuss the applications for which Wind Doppler LiDAR is used | View |
| 2078 | Discuss the applications for which Wind Doppler LiDAR is used | View |
| 2079 | Discuss the applications for which Differential Absorption LiDAR can be used | View |
| 2079 | Discuss the applications for which Differential Absorption LiDAR can be used | View |
| 2080 | Discuss what information is acquired by the laser altimeters | View |
| 2080 | Discuss what information is acquired by the laser altimeters | View |
| 2081 | Explain the principles of operation of a ranging camera | View |
| 2081 | Explain the principles of operation of a ranging camera | View |
| 2082 | Discuss an example of using a radar altimeter | View |
| 2082 | Discuss an example of using a radar altimeter | View |
| 2083 | Explain what the radar scatterometer measures | View |
| 2083 | Explain what the radar scatterometer measures | View |
| 2084 | Explain the principles of operation of the structured-light-projection camera | View |
| 2084 | Explain the principles of operation of the structured-light-projection camera | View |
| 2085 | Explain the principles of operation of the speckle-pattern based sensor | View |
| 2085 | Explain the principles of operation of the speckle-pattern based sensor | View |
| 2086 | Explain the principles of operation of the multi-temporal pattern based sensor | View |
| 2086 | Explain the principles of operation of the multi-temporal pattern based sensor | View |
| 2087 | Explain the principles of operation of the multi-spectral pattern based sensor | View |
| 2087 | Explain the principles of operation of the multi-spectral pattern based sensor | View |
| 2088 | Select the type of remote sensing platform for your specific application | View |
| 2088 | Select the type of remote sensing platform for your specific application | View |
| 2089 | Discuss the history of the development of remote sensing platforms | View |
| 2089 | Discuss the history of the development of remote sensing platforms | View |
| 2090 | Discuss the ways of using data acquired by UAS in remote sensing | View |
| 2090 | Discuss the ways of using data acquired by UAS in remote sensing | View |
| 2091 | Apply data acquired by UAS | View |
| 2091 | Apply data acquired by UAS | View |
| 2092 | Discuss examples of the objectives of Earth observation missions | View |
| 2092 | Discuss examples of the objectives of Earth observation missions | View |
| 2093 | Compare and discuss different SAR acquisition modes | View |
| 2093 | Compare and discuss different SAR acquisition modes | View |
| 2094 | Explain what swath represents | View |
| 2094 | Explain what swath represents | View |
| 2095 | Discuss examples of ground-based platforms and their use | View |
| 2095 | Discuss examples of ground-based platforms and their use | View |
| 2096 | Explain the principles of terrestrial laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2096 | Explain the principles of terrestrial laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2097 | Plan in-situ measurements using a field spectroradiometer | View |
| 2097 | Plan in-situ measurements using a field spectroradiometer | View |
| 2098 | Discuss the purposes of obtaining remote sensing data | View |
| 2098 | Discuss the purposes of obtaining remote sensing data | View |
| 2099 | Discuss how remote sensing data is organized and stored | View |
| 2099 | Discuss how remote sensing data is organized and stored | View |
| 2100 | Identify the different barriers for the integration of datasets | View |
| 2100 | Identify the different barriers for the integration of datasets | View |
| 2101 | select the development elements best suited for your application | View |
| 2101 | select the development elements best suited for your application | View |
| 2102 | compare different development components and their advantages and disadvantages | View |
| 2102 | compare different development components and their advantages and disadvantages | View |
| 2103 | identify the web services needed for a particular use case | View |
| 2103 | identify the web services needed for a particular use case | View |
| 2104 | perform the connection to existing web services to use the resources exposed by the service | View |
| 2104 | perform the connection to existing web services to use the resources exposed by the service | View |
| 2105 | select the web services best fit to expose your own resources | View |
| 2105 | select the web services best fit to expose your own resources | View |
| 2106 | understand how different web services complement each other | View |
| 2106 | understand how different web services complement each other | View |
| 2120 | Identify the main organizational challenges in implementing and use GIS&T | View |
| 2120 | Identify the main organizational challenges in implementing and use GIS&T | View |
| 2121 | Identify the key organizational components of a GIS&T implementation | View |
| 2121 | Identify the key organizational components of a GIS&T implementation | View |
| 2122 | Prepare a strategy on setting up the organizational components of a GIS&T implementation | View |
| 2122 | Prepare a strategy on setting up the organizational components of a GIS&T implementation | View |
| 2123 | Prepare a GIS Management Strategy | View |
| 2123 | Prepare a GIS Management Strategy | View |
| 2124 | Evaluate and revise an existing GIS management strategy | View |
| 2124 | Evaluate and revise an existing GIS management strategy | View |
| 2125 | Explain the different components of a GIS management strategy | View |
| 2125 | Explain the different components of a GIS management strategy | View |
| 2126 | Understand and explain the main legal issues related to the production, use and sharing of geospatial data and information | View |
| 2126 | Understand and explain the main legal issues related to the production, use and sharing of geospatial data and information | View |
| 2127 | Recognize the relevant legal issues in a particular case of geospatial data collection, use and/of sharing | View |
| 2127 | Recognize the relevant legal issues in a particular case of geospatial data collection, use and/of sharing | View |
| 2128 | Suggest and prepare solutions for addressing particular legal issues related to the production, use and sharing of geospatial data | View |
| 2128 | Suggest and prepare solutions for addressing particular legal issues related to the production, use and sharing of geospatial data | View |
| 2129 | Explain the relevance and added value of geospatial information in particular use cases | View |
| 2129 | Explain the relevance and added value of geospatial information in particular use cases | View |
| 2130 | Explain how geographic information is valuable to different sectors | View |
| 2130 | Explain how geographic information is valuable to different sectors | View |
| 2131 | Provide examples of the use of geospatial information in different sectors | View |
| 2131 | Provide examples of the use of geospatial information in different sectors | View |
| 2132 | Explain the difference between data privacy and data security | View |
| 2132 | Explain the difference between data privacy and data security | View |
| 2133 | Explain the main challenges in dealing with data privacy and data security issues | View |
| 2133 | Explain the main challenges in dealing with data privacy and data security issues | View |
| 2134 | Propose and design solutions for dealing with particular data privacy and data security issues | View |
| 2134 | Propose and design solutions for dealing with particular data privacy and data security issues | View |
| 2135 | State the names of the most important regions of the electromagnetic spectrum | View |
| 2135 | State the names of the most important regions of the electromagnetic spectrum | View |
| 2136 | State the names of the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum most important for Earth's remote sensing | View |
| 2136 | State the names of the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum most important for Earth's remote sensing | View |
| 2137 | State the basic physical principles for EO systems design and data analysis | View |
| 2137 | State the basic physical principles for EO systems design and data analysis | View |
| 2138 | Illustrate the concepts of solar constant and daily solar insolation | View |
| 2138 | Illustrate the concepts of solar constant and daily solar insolation | View |
| 2139 | Discuss in which way annual solar insolation and average cloud coverage parameters affect the choice of a solar power plant location | View |
| 2139 | Discuss in which way annual solar insolation and average cloud coverage parameters affect the choice of a solar power plant location | View |
| 2140 | Discuss in which way modeled daily solar insolation and cloud coverage forecast could affect solar power plant day-by-day management | View |
| 2140 | Discuss in which way modeled daily solar insolation and cloud coverage forecast could affect solar power plant day-by-day management | View |
| 2200 | Explain why the legal framework on geospatial data sharing can be considered as diverse and complex | View |
| 2200 | Explain why the legal framework on geospatial data sharing can be considered as diverse and complex | View |
| 2201 | Explain why the legal framework on geospatial data sharing consists of two main types of legislation from a data perspective | View |
| 2201 | Explain why the legal framework on geospatial data sharing consists of two main types of legislation from a data perspective | View |
| 2202 | Give examples of more general types of legislation that are also applicable and relevant to geospatial data sharing | View |
| 2202 | Give examples of more general types of legislation that are also applicable and relevant to geospatial data sharing | View |
| 2203 | Provide examples of different types of legal instruments that can be used for supporting geospatial data sharing | View |
| 2203 | Provide examples of different types of legal instruments that can be used for supporting geospatial data sharing | View |
| 2204 | Explain what framework agreements are and how they can be used for sharing geospatial data | View |
| 2204 | Explain what framework agreements are and how they can be used for sharing geospatial data | View |
| 2205 | Explain what licenses are and how they can be used for sharing geospatial data | View |
| 2205 | Explain what licenses are and how they can be used for sharing geospatial data | View |
| 2206 | Explain the difference between standard licenses and open licenses | View |
| 2206 | Explain the difference between standard licenses and open licenses | View |
| 2207 | Explain the concept of geospatial citizenship | View |
| 2207 | Explain the concept of geospatial citizenship | View |
| 2208 | Design and implement training and education for promoting individuals' maturity and participation in the geospatial society | View |
| 2209 | Explain why it is important to take into consideration the 'digital divide' when dealing with the use of and access to geographic data and information | View |
| 2209 | Explain why it is important to take into consideration the 'digital divide' when dealing with the use of and access to geographic data and information | View |
| 2210 | Provide examples of different types of critiques on GI and GIS | View |
| 2210 | Provide examples of different types of critiques on GI and GIS | View |
| 2211 | Explain the implications of Critical GIS for GIS education | View |
| 2211 | Explain the implications of Critical GIS for GIS education | View |
| 2212 | Explain the implications of Critical GIS for GIS practice | View |
| 2212 | Explain the implications of Critical GIS for GIS practice | View |
| 2213 | Explain the relevant economic aspects related to the access to and use of geographic information | View |
| 2213 | Explain the relevant economic aspects related to the access to and use of geographic information | View |
| 2214 | Explain the relevance and importance of privacy issues in dealing with geospatial data | View |
| 2214 | Explain the relevance and importance of privacy issues in dealing with geospatial data | View |
| 2215 | Explain what relevant ethical aspects are related to the access to and use of geospatial information | View |
| 2215 | Explain what relevant ethical aspects are related to the access to and use of geospatial information | View |
| 2216 | List and explain the different societal aspects that are important in dealing with geospatial information | View |
| 2216 | List and explain the different societal aspects that are important in dealing with geospatial information | View |
| 2217 | Design solutions to different types of barriers to geospatial data sharing | View |
| 2217 | Design solutions to different types of barriers to geospatial data sharing | View |
| 2218 | Explain the benefits of geospatial data sharing as a data acquisition approach | View |
| 2218 | Explain the benefits of geospatial data sharing as a data acquisition approach | View |
| 2219 | Explain the institutional framework of an existing SDI initiative | View |
| 2219 | Explain the institutional framework of an existing SDI initiative | View |
| 2220 | Evaluate the institutional framework of an existing SDI initiative | View |
| 2220 | Evaluate the institutional framework of an existing SDI initiative | View |
| 2221 | Explain how next-generation SDIs are different from current SDIs | View |
| 2221 | Explain how next-generation SDIs are different from current SDIs | View |
| 2222 | Explain the key components of next-generation SDIs | View |
| 2222 | Explain the key components of next-generation SDIs | View |
| 2223 | Explain the importance of SDI policies | View |
| 2223 | Explain the importance of SDI policies | View |
| 2224 | Explain the different types of policies that are relevant to the development and implementation of SDIs | View |
| 2224 | Explain the different types of policies that are relevant to the development and implementation of SDIs | View |
| 2225 | Design effective teaching and learning methods for GIS&T education | View |
| 2225 | Design effective teaching and learning methods for GIS&T education | View |
| 2226 | Evaluate the relevance and applicability of different teaching and learning methods for GIS&T education | View |
| 2226 | Evaluate the relevance and applicability of different teaching and learning methods for GIS&T education | View |
| 2227 | Design GIS&T curricula and courses | View |
| 2227 | Design GIS&T curricula and courses | View |
| 2228 | Explain relevant GIS&T workforce aspects and their interrelationships from different perspectives (employee, employer, tutor, ...) | View |
| 2228 | Explain relevant GIS&T workforce aspects and their interrelationships from different perspectives (employee, employer, tutor, ...) | View |
| 2229 | Explain the particular characteristics of sub-national and local governments as actors in the GIS&T domain | View |
| 2229 | Explain the particular characteristics of sub-national and local governments as actors in the GIS&T domain | View |
| 2230 | List and explain relevant organizational and institutional aspects related to GIS&T. | View |
| 2230 | List and explain relevant organizational and institutional aspects related to GIS&T. | View |
| 2231 | Design and implement approaches and methods for collecting users feedback on GIS | View |
| 2231 | Design and implement approaches and methods for collecting users feedback on GIS | View |
| 2232 | Design and implement approaches and methods for assessing the performance of GIS | View |
| 2232 | Design and implement approaches and methods for assessing the performance of GIS | View |
| 2233 | Define user roles for an existing or planned GIS | View |
| 2233 | Define user roles for an existing or planned GIS | View |
| 2234 | Explain why the definition of user roles is an important element in the implementation of a GIS | View |
| 2234 | Explain why the definition of user roles is an important element in the implementation of a GIS | View |
| 2235 | Design and implement an effective GIS coordination strategy | View |
| 2235 | Design and implement an effective GIS coordination strategy | View |
| 2236 | Use the most effective change model depending on the nature and needs of the client's organization. | View |
| 2236 | Use the most effective change model depending on the nature and needs of the client's organization. | View |
| 2237 | List and describe the main categories of organizations in the GIS&T domain | View |
| 2237 | List and describe the main categories of organizations in the GIS&T domain | View |
| 2238 | List and describe the most important producers and users of geospatial data at the European Commission | View |
| 2238 | List and describe the most important producers and users of geospatial data at the European Commission | View |
| 2239 | Explain the particular characteristics of national government organizations in the GIS&T ecosystem | View |
| 2239 | Explain the particular characteristics of national government organizations in the GIS&T ecosystem | View |
| 2240 | Explain what data mashups are | View |
| 2240 | Explain what data mashups are | View |
| 2241 | Create a new application by combining existing data from different sources | View |
| 2241 | Create a new application by combining existing data from different sources | View |
| 2242 | Explain the different stages in the development of applications through web services composition | View |
| 2242 | Explain the different stages in the development of applications through web services composition | View |
| 2244 | Explain the main steps in the process of aligning data structures and ontologies | View |
| 2244 | Explain the main steps in the process of aligning data structures and ontologies | View |
| 2245 | Apply different tools for aligning ontologies | View |
| 2245 | Apply different tools for aligning ontologies | View |
| 2246 | Explain the differences between syntatic and semantic discovery of resources | View |
| 2246 | Explain the differences between syntatic and semantic discovery of resources | View |
| 2247 | Implement and configure a catalogue service | View |
| 2247 | Implement and configure a catalogue service | View |
| 2248 | Explain the main differences between different types of resource publishing | View |
| 2248 | Explain the main differences between different types of resource publishing | View |
| 2249 | Explain the differences between traditional GIS and Web-GIS | View |
| 2249 | Explain the differences between traditional GIS and Web-GIS | View |
| 2250 | Develop Web-GIS solutions to replace each of the functions of a traditional GIS | View |
| 2250 | Develop Web-GIS solutions to replace each of the functions of a traditional GIS | View |
| 2251 | Explain what the Resource Description Framework (RDF) is and what it can be used for | View |
| 2251 | Explain what the Resource Description Framework (RDF) is and what it can be used for | View |
| 2252 | Explain the principles of 3D modelling | View |
| 2252 | Explain the principles of 3D modelling | View |
| 2253 | Apply different 3D model mapping and modelling approaches | View |
| 2253 | Apply different 3D model mapping and modelling approaches | View |
| 2254 | Explain what CityGML is | View |
| 2254 | Explain what CityGML is | View |
| 2255 | Explain how CityGML is related to GML | View |
| 2255 | Explain how CityGML is related to GML | View |
| 2256 | Explain and apply GML data models | View |
| 2256 | Explain and apply GML data models | View |
| 2257 | Explain the differences between geospatial data and other types of data | View |
| 2257 | Explain the differences between geospatial data and other types of data | View |
| 2258 | Determine the most appropriate data collection method for collecting particular data | View |
| 2258 | Determine the most appropriate data collection method for collecting particular data | View |
| 2259 | Prepare and implement an effective geospatial data transaction management approach | View |
| 2259 | Prepare and implement an effective geospatial data transaction management approach | View |
| 2260 | Explain why metadata are important for assessing and ensuring the quality of geospatial data | View |
| 2260 | Explain why metadata are important for assessing and ensuring the quality of geospatial data | View |
| 2261 | List and explain the key requirements for geolocating data to earth | View |
| 2261 | List and explain the key requirements for geolocating data to earth | View |
| 2262 | Model geospatial data | View |
| 2262 | Model geospatial data | View |
| 2263 | Model complex aspects of geographic information, such as temporal change, uncertainty and three-dimensional phenomena | View |
| 2263 | Model complex aspects of geographic information, such as temporal change, uncertainty and three-dimensional phenomena | View |
| 2264 | Explain basic aspects of data modelling, storage and exploitation, such as relation models & databases, data structures, SQL, UML and other basics | View |
| 2264 | Explain basic aspects of data modelling, storage and exploitation, such as relation models & databases, data structures, SQL, UML and other basics | View |
| 2265 | Determine the standards that are essential for geospatial data modelling | View |
| 2265 | Determine the standards that are essential for geospatial data modelling | View |
| 2266 | Explain what tessellation data models are | View |
| 2266 | Explain what tessellation data models are | View |
| 2267 | Understand vector data models | View |
| 2267 | Understand vector data models | View |
| 2268 | Deal with time aspects in modelling data | View |
| 2268 | Deal with time aspects in modelling data | View |
| 2269 | Deal with uncertainty aspects in modelling data | View |
| 2269 | Deal with uncertainty aspects in modelling data | View |
| 2270 | Deal with uncertainty aspects in modelling data | View |
| 2271 | Explain the differences between OGC and ISO standards | View |
| 2271 | Explain the differences between OGC and ISO standards | View |
| 2272 | Use standards such as ISO 19141 Schema for moving features, ISO 19142 Web Feature Service and ISO 19109 - Rules for application schema | View |
| 2272 | Use standards such as ISO 19141 Schema for moving features, ISO 19142 Web Feature Service and ISO 19109 - Rules for application schema | View |
| 2273 | Transfer a conceptual model to a logical (database) model | View |
| 2273 | Transfer a conceptual model to a logical (database) model | View |
| 2274 | Model temporal aspects | View |
| 2274 | Model temporal aspects | View |
| 2275 | Explain which standards are essential for conceptual data modelling | View |
| 2275 | Explain which standards are essential for conceptual data modelling | View |
| 2276 | Explain and apply standards relevant for geometric modelling | View |
| 2276 | Explain and apply standards relevant for geometric modelling | View |
| 2277 | Explain the concept of continuous fields and the commonly used ways of representing geo-fields | View |
| 2277 | Explain the concept of continuous fields and the commonly used ways of representing geo-fields | View |
| 2278 | Explain what linear referencing is and how it is used | View |
| 2278 | Explain what linear referencing is and how it is used | View |
| 2279 | Develop solutions to different kind of challenges of model interoperability | View |
| 2279 | Develop solutions to different kind of challenges of model interoperability | View |
| 2280 | Give and explain an example of an application models | View |
| 2280 | Give and explain an example of an application models | View |
| 2281 | Define and describe an application schema | View |
| 2281 | Define and describe an application schema | View |
| 2282 | Apply techniques for the definition of features / feature classes | View |
| 2282 | Apply techniques for the definition of features / feature classes | View |
| 2283 | Explain what databases are | View |
| 2283 | Explain what databases are | View |
| 2284 | Explain the key elements of the relational - database - model | View |
| 2284 | Explain the key elements of the relational - database - model | View |
| 2285 | Design relational databases | View |
| 2285 | Design relational databases | View |
| 2286 | Provide examples of typical non-spatial and spatial queries | View |
| 2286 | Provide examples of typical non-spatial and spatial queries | View |
| 2287 | Work with different data compression techniques | View |
| 2287 | Work with different data compression techniques | View |
| 2288 | Access and interpret SQL databases | View |
| 2288 | Access and interpret SQL databases | View |
| 2289 | Explain and use UML diagrams | View |
| 2289 | Explain and use UML diagrams | View |
| 2290 | Understand and use XML | View |
| 2290 | Understand and use XML | View |
| 2291 | Explain the relations between GIS and databases | View |
| 2291 | Explain the relations between GIS and databases | View |
| 2292 | Explain which elements determine the quality of geospatial data | View |
| 2292 | Explain which elements determine the quality of geospatial data | View |
| 2293 | Explain how metadata, standards and data infrastructures are linked to each other | View |
| 2293 | Explain how metadata, standards and data infrastructures are linked to each other | View |
| 2294 | Explain what map projections are | View |
| 2294 | Explain what map projections are | View |
| 2295 | Explain why the shape of the Earth is complex and complicated to measure | View |
| 2295 | Explain why the shape of the Earth is complex and complicated to measure | View |
| 2296 | Explain what horizontal and vertical datums precisely determine | View |
| 2296 | Explain what horizontal and vertical datums precisely determine | View |
| 2297 | Explain why aerial imaging and photogrammetry are important for the geospatial domain and the geospatial industry | View |
| 2297 | Explain why aerial imaging and photogrammetry are important for the geospatial domain and the geospatial industry | View |
| 2298 | Explain which types of geospatial data are collected through satellite remote sensing | View |
| 2298 | Explain which types of geospatial data are collected through satellite remote sensing | View |
| 2299 | Explain the differences between satelitte remote sensing and shipboard remote sensing | View |
| 2299 | Explain the differences between satelitte remote sensing and shipboard remote sensing | View |
| 2300 | Explain the approach how image analysis follows the physical model of solar radiation interacting with the Earths surface and the atmosphere | View |
| 2300 | Explain the approach how image analysis follows the physical model of solar radiation interacting with the Earths surface and the atmosphere | View |
| 2301 | Explain how computer vision imitates the human visual system when interpreting EO images | View |
| 2301 | Explain how computer vision imitates the human visual system when interpreting EO images | View |
| 2302 | Identify different options where Artificial Intelligence can be integrated in the image processing and analysis workflow | View |
| 2302 | Identify different options where Artificial Intelligence can be integrated in the image processing and analysis workflow | View |
| 2303 | Understand how the entropy represents the the average level of information contained in an image pixel | View |
| 2303 | Understand how the entropy represents the the average level of information contained in an image pixel | View |
| 2304 | Discuss algorithms that use the detection of keypoints to identify objects in images | View |
| 2304 | Discuss algorithms that use the detection of keypoints to identify objects in images | View |
| 2305 | Apply the convolutional neural network method for classifying an EO image | View |
| 2305 | Apply the convolutional neural network method for classifying an EO image | View |
| 2306 | Compare different deep learning approaches in EO image classification | View |
| 2306 | Compare different deep learning approaches in EO image classification | View |
| 2307 | Discuss the main drawback of edge-based segmentation in partitioning an image | View |
| 2307 | Discuss the main drawback of edge-based segmentation in partitioning an image | View |
| 2308 | Explain how the histogram-based segmentation works | View |
| 2308 | Explain how the histogram-based segmentation works | View |
| 2309 | Explain how the consideration of local variance can enhance image segmentation results | View |
| 2309 | Explain how the consideration of local variance can enhance image segmentation results | View |
| 2310 | Explain how local density gradients are employed in mean-shift segmentation | View |
| 2310 | Explain how local density gradients are employed in mean-shift segmentation | View |
| 2311 | Discuss the principles of regionalisation and their use in segmentation methods | View |
| 2311 | Discuss the principles of regionalisation and their use in segmentation methods | View |
| 2312 | Discuss spatial autocorrelation and homogeneity of image objects | View |
| 2312 | Discuss spatial autocorrelation and homogeneity of image objects | View |
| 2313 | Discuss how the choice of sampling strategy impacts the classification result | View |
| 2313 | Discuss how the choice of sampling strategy impacts the classification result | View |
| 2314 | Discuss how the choice of sampling strategy impacts the accuracy assesment for a classification result | View |
| 2314 | Discuss how the choice of sampling strategy impacts the accuracy assesment for a classification result | View |
| 2315 | Interpret the effect of a convolution from a given mask and contained weights | View |
| 2315 | Interpret the effect of a convolution from a given mask and contained weights | View |
| 2316 | Identify and discuss an example of a combined filtering process | View |
| 2316 | Identify and discuss an example of a combined filtering process | View |
| 2317 | Explain the shape and weights for a horizontal edge detector | View |
| 2317 | Explain the shape and weights for a horizontal edge detector | View |
| 2318 | Discuss the frequencies that a high-pass filter preserves and subdues | View |
| 2318 | Discuss the frequencies that a high-pass filter preserves and subdues | View |
| 2319 | Create a convolution filter that integrates the standard deviation of the entire scene in its weights | View |
| 2319 | Create a convolution filter that integrates the standard deviation of the entire scene in its weights | View |
| 2320 | Discuss how the size of the neighborhood impacts the smoothing effect of a low-pass filter | View |
| 2320 | Discuss how the size of the neighborhood impacts the smoothing effect of a low-pass filter | View |
| 2321 | Discuss the benefits of using a gauss filter instead of a mean filter for smoothing an image | View |
| 2321 | Discuss the benefits of using a gauss filter instead of a mean filter for smoothing an image | View |
| 2322 | Discuss how hierarchical representation is exploited for object-based image analysis | View |
| 2322 | Discuss how hierarchical representation is exploited for object-based image analysis | View |
| 2323 | Explain how class modelling can make use of per-parcel analysis | View |
| 2323 | Explain how class modelling can make use of per-parcel analysis | View |
| 2324 | Apply distance to objects of a specific class as a feature for enhancing class assignment | View |
| 2324 | Apply distance to objects of a specific class as a feature for enhancing class assignment | View |
| 2325 | Explain how the geometry of an object relates to its membership to a specific class | View |
| 2325 | Explain how the geometry of an object relates to its membership to a specific class | View |
| 2326 | Explain the advantage of polyhedralization when adding new classes to an existing image classification system | View |
| 2326 | Explain the advantage of polyhedralization when adding new classes to an existing image classification system | View |
| 2327 | Create a scale space for an image by applying multiple iterations of low-pass filtering | View |
| 2327 | Create a scale space for an image by applying multiple iterations of low-pass filtering | View |
| 2328 | Explain how SIFT algorithms can be used for enhancing orthorectification | View |
| 2328 | Explain how SIFT algorithms can be used for enhancing orthorectification | View |
| 2329 | Discuss cloud masks as early steps towards semantic enrichment for EO images | View |
| 2329 | Discuss cloud masks as early steps towards semantic enrichment for EO images | View |
| 2330 | Discuss why a query through time is easier realized with a data cube than by comparison of a time series stored in image files | View |
| 2330 | Discuss why a query through time is easier realized with a data cube than by comparison of a time series stored in image files | View |
| 2331 | Analyse the uncertainty that is present in an EO product | View |
| 2331 | Analyse the uncertainty that is present in an EO product | View |
| 2332 | Explain how error propagates in the production workflow of an example EO product | View |
| 2332 | Explain how error propagates in the production workflow of an example EO product | View |
| 2333 | Choose a set of quality indicators for an EO product that are relevant for a specific application | View |
| 2333 | Choose a set of quality indicators for an EO product that are relevant for a specific application | View |
| 2334 | Select images for time series analysis where the cumulated cloud cover percentage in the study area is low enough for the analysis | View |
| 2334 | Select images for time series analysis where the cumulated cloud cover percentage in the study area is low enough for the analysis | View |
| 2335 | Explain the different phases of the remote sensing life cycle | View |
| 2335 | Explain the different phases of the remote sensing life cycle | View |
| 2336 | Explain the different limitations of human vision and computer vision that make scene-from-image reconstruction and understanding an ill-posed process | View |
| 2336 | Explain the different limitations of human vision and computer vision that make scene-from-image reconstruction and understanding an ill-posed process | View |
| 2337 | Explain how a lack of knowledge about data quality limits the data value | View |
| 2337 | Explain how a lack of knowledge about data quality limits the data value | View |
| 2338 | Discuss the available data quality standards for EO | View |
| 2338 | Discuss the available data quality standards for EO | View |
| 2339 | Determine all necessary steps to make EO-derived products of a resarch project accessible | View |
| 2339 | Determine all necessary steps to make EO-derived products of a resarch project accessible | View |
| 2340 | Create a protocol for quality assessment of an EO information product that conforms to EO4GEO guidelines | View |
| 2340 | Create a protocol for quality assessment of an EO information product that conforms to EO4GEO guidelines | View |
| 2341 | Evaluate the conformity of an EO imagery product to ISO 19129 | View |
| 2341 | Evaluate the conformity of an EO imagery product to ISO 19129 | View |
| 2342 | Evaluate an EO product and its metadata on its reusability for a new application context | View |
| 2342 | Evaluate an EO product and its metadata on its reusability for a new application context | View |
| 2343 | Discuss different methods for assessing the quality of a specific EO product | View |
| 2343 | Discuss different methods for assessing the quality of a specific EO product | View |
| 2344 | Explain the benefits of structuring images in a data cube | View |
| 2344 | Explain the benefits of structuring images in a data cube | View |
| 2345 | Identify steps of processing on large image collections that benefit from storing them in array databases | View |
| 2345 | Identify steps of processing on large image collections that benefit from storing them in array databases | View |
| 2346 | Create a data cube using the data model of the Open data cube initiative | View |
| 2346 | Create a data cube using the data model of the Open data cube initiative | View |
| 2347 | Use an image archive to retrive Earth observation data for an application | View |
| 2347 | Use an image archive to retrive Earth observation data for an application | View |
| 2348 | Build semantic queries to retrieve selections of images from an EO image database | View |
| 2348 | Build semantic queries to retrieve selections of images from an EO image database | View |
| 2349 | Use a web portal to retrieve EO data | View |
| 2349 | Use a web portal to retrieve EO data | View |
| 2350 | Explain how online processing can enhance the functionality of a web viewer for EO data | View |
| 2350 | Explain how online processing can enhance the functionality of a web viewer for EO data | View |
| 2351 | Create a web interface and related system architecture that enables image processing by using OGC interfaces | View |
| 2351 | Create a web interface and related system architecture that enables image processing by using OGC interfaces | View |
| 2352 | Explain how the acquisition, storing, and processing of EO images and derived products is distributed over a chain of stakeholders | View |
| 2352 | Explain how the acquisition, storing, and processing of EO images and derived products is distributed over a chain of stakeholders | View |
| 2353 | Understand the challenge in matching sensory image data to a mental model of the world-scene | View |
| 2353 | Understand the challenge in matching sensory image data to a mental model of the world-scene | View |
| 2354 | Explain the components of a production system for automatic image classification | View |
| 2354 | Explain the components of a production system for automatic image classification | View |
| 2355 | Identify different methods that employ conditional probability for image classification | View |
| 2355 | Identify different methods that employ conditional probability for image classification | View |
| 2356 | Apply spatial aggregation for generalizing an image classification | View |
| 2356 | Apply spatial aggregation for generalizing an image classification | View |
| 2357 | Apply gridding to derive images with coarser resolution | View |
| 2357 | Apply gridding to derive images with coarser resolution | View |
| 2358 | Use filtering techniques to spatially aggregate an image classification | View |
| 2358 | Use filtering techniques to spatially aggregate an image classification | View |
| 2359 | Explain the difference between precision and bias | View |
| 2359 | Explain the difference between precision and bias | View |
| 2360 | Interpret ocean colour for deriving chlorophyll concentration in water | View |
| 2360 | Interpret ocean colour for deriving chlorophyll concentration in water | View |
| 2361 | Identify spectral bands necessary for interpreting ocean colour | View |
| 2361 | Identify spectral bands necessary for interpreting ocean colour | View |
| 2362 | Identify adequate preprocessing for deriving ocean colour from EO data | View |
| 2362 | Identify adequate preprocessing for deriving ocean colour from EO data | View |
| 2363 | Apply radiative transfer modelling to retrieve inherent optical properties (IOP) from Ocean Colour reflectance values | View |
| 2364 | Understand the difference between Inherent Optical Properties (IOP) and Apparent Optical Properties (AOP) of water | View |
| 2365 | Select imagery from a satellite sensor with spectral bands suitable for mapping Ocean Colour | View |
| 2366 | Apply atmospheric correction to extract Ocean Colour from EO imagery | View |
| 2367 | Design a map of chlorophyll-a concentration according to the requirements of HAB management for aquaculture | View |
| 2368 | Understand the types of decision trees and their output | View |
| 2369 | Understand the advantages and shortcomings of decision trees | View |
| 2370 | Identify the most popular decision tree algorithms | View |
| 2371 | Apply decision trees to classify land cover in an EO image | View |
| 2380 | Analyse vegetation growth & development on a land parcel with an NDVI time series derived from EO | View |
| 2400 | Discuss advantages and disadvantages of different methods of storing remote sensing data | View |
| 2400 | Discuss advantages and disadvantages of different methods of storing remote sensing data | View |
| 2401 | Discuss and compare different temporal resolutions of remote sending data | View |
| 2401 | Discuss and compare different temporal resolutions of remote sending data | View |
| 2402 | Discuss what the header file describes | View |
| 2402 | Discuss what the header file describes | View |
| 2403 | Discuss how the radiometrically corrected data are processed | View |
| 2403 | Discuss how the radiometrically corrected data are processed | View |
| 2404 | Explain how the geometrically corrected data are processed | View |
| 2404 | Explain how the geometrically corrected data are processed | View |
| 2405 | Discuss advantages and disadvantages of different SAR data formats | View |
| 2405 | Discuss advantages and disadvantages of different SAR data formats | View |
| 2406 | Explain the purpose of the analysis ready data | View |
| 2406 | Explain the purpose of the analysis ready data | View |
| 2407 | Discuss the use of atmospheric passive sounders | View |
| 2407 | Discuss the use of atmospheric passive sounders | View |
| 2408 | Explain the principles of spaceborne laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2408 | Explain the principles of spaceborne laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2409 | Explain the principles of airborne laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2409 | Explain the principles of airborne laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2410 | Explain the principles of mobile laser scanning operation | View |
| 2410 | Explain the principles of mobile laser scanning operation | View |
| 2411 | Explain the principles of underwater laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2411 | Explain the principles of underwater laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2412 | Explain the principles of bathymetric laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2412 | Explain the principles of bathymetric laser scanning operation and discuss its applications | View |
| 2500 | Explain in which cases land surveying and field data collection are effective data collection methods | View |
| 2500 | Explain in which cases land surveying and field data collection are effective data collection methods | View |
| 2501 | Describe the scattering and atmospheric absorption factors | View |
| 2501 | Describe the scattering and atmospheric absorption factors | View |
| 2502 | Understand the main factors generating geometric distortions of the remotely sensed images | View |
| 2502 | Understand the main factors generating geometric distortions of the remotely sensed images | View |
| 2503 | Describe the data quality dimensions of the main remote sensing lifecycle phases | View |
| 2503 | Describe the data quality dimensions of the main remote sensing lifecycle phases | View |
| 2504 | List the main international organization responsible for the standardization of the image data and gridded data quality | View |
| 2504 | List the main international organization responsible for the standardization of the image data and gridded data quality | View |
| 2505 | Describe the role of infrastructures for sharing remote sensing data products | View |
| 2505 | Describe the role of infrastructures for sharing remote sensing data products | View |
| 2506 | Explain the importance of FAIR data principles for accessing remote sensing data and derived products | View |
| 2506 | Explain the importance of FAIR data principles for accessing remote sensing data and derived products | View |
| 2507 | Explain the different types of water quality variables that EO provides for ocean monitoring | View |
| 2508 | Understand how EO data can be used to monitor the marine ecosystem | View |
| 2509 | Explain the ocean physical and biological variables used for EO-based marine ecosystem monitoring | View |
| 2510 | Compare the main satellite sensors used in marine ecosystem monitoring | View |
| 2511 | Assess ocean physical and biophysical parameters to evaluate ocean productivity and identify upwelling areas | View |
| 2512 | Analyse the emergence of regions with algal blooms in an ocean colour time series data | View |
| 2513 | Analyse ocean currents | View |
| 2514 | Estimate evaporation rates | View |
| 2515 | Find oil spills in EO data for Ocean surveillance | View |
| 2516 | Analyse wave height variability | View |
| 2517 | Assess climate change effects in time series data | View |
| 2518 | Produce EO derived marine ecosystem information to support fisheries management | View |
| 2519 | Estimate near-surface chlorophyll-a concentration for monitoring harmful algal blooms (HABs) | View |
| 2520 | Choose the right software tool to apply image classification to a specific satellite image | View |
| 2521 | Understand what products can be extracted from point clouds | View |
| 9999 | test | View |