The development of an appropriate organizational model, which establishes the basic character of GIS operations, is a crucial element of the GIS management. The appropriate GIS organizational model for any organization is based on its intended role.Alternative GIS organizational models are based on differing arrangements concerning the scope of GIS, the degree of integration of GIS into business operations, the degree of centralization of GIS operation and use, and the degree of centralization of management control. Although many variations can arise from different combinations of these factors, GIS organizational models can generally be classified into three types: (1) enterprise GIS, (2) GIS data and service resource, and (3) GIS as a business tool (Somers, 1998).