When data representation is conveyed in words (e.g. toponyms, road codes), written text is often placed in map labels. It is important to decide on the role of the label in the context of the representation type. Algorithms for label placement are relevant, especially when label density is high. Shape and colour of the labels help to signify different types of messages. This is supported by the typographic properties (type font, size, style) of the text in the labels. Finally, it is important to use an authoritative source for the texts