Open map List

Visual affordance

Visual affordance refers to the perceptual cues that indicate how an object, interface, or map element can be used or interacted with. In cartography and GIS, visual affordances help users intuitively understand the function and meaning of symbols, colors, and spatial representations without requiring additional explanation.

Intermediate

Introduction

Key Characteristics of Visual Affordance

  1. Perceptibility – The affordance should be immediately recognizable (e.g., a "+" icon suggests zooming in).
  2. Intuitiveness – Users should be able to infer functionality based on visual design alone.
  3. Consistency – Familiar visual conventions improve usability (e.g., blue lines representing rivers).
  4. Context-Sensitivity – The affordance should align with user expectations within a specific domain (e.g., in GIS, draggable map markers).

Explanation

 

 

Examples

Examples of Visual Affordance in Cartography & GIS

  • Button-Like Symbols – Raised or shaded UI elements suggest clickability.
  • Color Coding – Red signals danger or high values, while green suggests safety or lower values.
  • Zoom & Pan Controls – Icons with arrows or magnifiers suggest map navigation.
  • Layer Transparency Sliders – A draggable bar suggests adjustability.
  • Interactive Elements – Hovering over a feature changes its appearance, indicating interactivity.

Types of Visual Affordances (Based on UX Design Principles)

  • Explicit Affordance – Clearly labeled or designed elements (e.g., a "Click Here" button).
  • Pattern-Based Affordance – Uses familiar symbols from past experience (e.g., hamburger menu for navigation).
  • Metaphorical Affordance – Uses real-world analogies (e.g., a trash bin icon for deleting).
  • Hidden Affordance – Becomes visible only on interaction (e.g., tooltip appearing on hover).

Outgoing relations