Shape

In cartography, shape refers to the geometric representation of geographic features on a map. It is one of the fundamental visual variables used to differentiate and symbolize spatial elements in cartographic design.

Basic

Introduction

Key Characteristics of Shape in Cartography:

  1. Represents Geographic Features – Different shapes are used to symbolize points, lines, and polygons (e.g., circles for cities, lines for rivers, and polygons for land areas).
  2. Maintains Spatial Relationships – Shapes on a map should accurately represent the relative form of real-world features.
  3. Can Be Generalized or Simplified – Depending on the map scale, shapes may be simplified to improve readability.
  4. Essential for Map Symbolization – Different shapes can be used to categorize thematic data (e.g., squares for airports, stars for capital cities).

Examples

Examples of Shape in Cartography:

  • Point Features: Cities, landmarks, and facilities can be represented using circles, squares, or custom icons.
  • Line Features: Roads, rivers, and transportation routes are displayed using straight, curved, or dashed lines.
  • Polygon Features: Countries, lakes, forests, and land-use areas are shown using closed shapes with distinct boundaries.

Outgoing relations