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In cartography, a meridian is an imaginary line that runs north-south from the North Pole to the South Pole and is used to measure longitude. Meridians help define geographic coordinates and are essential in mapping and navigation.
Basic
Introduction
Key Characteristics of Meridians:
Run from Pole to Pole – Meridians are great circles that connect the North and South Poles.
Measure Longitude – Longitude values range from 0° at the Prime Meridian to 180° East or West.
Not Parallel – Unlike latitude lines, meridians converge at the poles.
Equal in Length – All meridians have the same length (unlike parallels, which vary in circumference).
Explanation
Important Meridians:
Prime Meridian (0° Longitude) – The reference meridian that runs through Greenwich, England.
International Date Line (180° Longitude) – Located opposite the Prime Meridian; it marks the division where calendar dates change.
Standard Meridians – Used for time zones, typically spaced 15° apart.