Aerial imagery has been the primary source of detailed geospatial data for extensive study areas. Photogrammetry is producing precise measurements from aerial imagery. Aerial imaging and photogrammetry comprise a major component of the geospatial data production. Satellite-based sensors enable frequent mapping and analysis of very large areas. Sensing instruments are able to measure electromagnetic energy at multiple wavelengths. Satellite remote sensing is a key source for regional- and global-scale land use and land cover mapping, environmental resource management, mineral exploration, and global change research. Shipboard sensors employ acoustic energy to determine seafloor depth or to create imagery of the seafloor or water column. Principles of aerial photography, oblique and vertical imagery, spatial and radiometric resolution, spectral sensitivity, principal point, distortions and displacements in aerial image, parallax, stereophotogrammetry, generation of an orthoimage from a vertical aerial phoptograph, aerotriangulation, vector data extraction from digital seteroimagery, mission planning. Use of UAV in photogrammetry. Main platforms and sensors in spatial image acquisition, active and passive sensors, LiDAR and microwave, multispectral and hypersepctral imagery, interpretation of imagery, supervised and unsupervised classification, pixel based and segmented classification, ground verification, main applications, bathymetric mapping. SENTINEL.