EO/GI users in transport and logistics include road transport operators, haulage, road infrastructure operators, tolls, airport operators, rail operators, airlines and airline services, and transport engineers.
Monitoring the built environment provides information about urban structures, transport networks and particular infrastructure, e.g. dedicated to energy provision. It covers all urban and infrastructure related service/applications on site development information, planning support or suitability analysis. As well, it includes pressure and threats analysis on the urban areas.
EO is capable of monitoring infrastrcture in general, i.e. buildings (and their construction) and transport networks (roads, rails). Additionally, infrastructure for renewable energy harvesting (solar and wind farms, hydroelectric powerplants) and identification of suitable sites (through mapping solar radiation, wind roses, speed and direction, hydrological network mapping). A basis is land surface mapping for deriving digital elevation models (DEMs) that is required for modelling renewable energy potential and for spatial planning and landscape visibility analysis (visual impact assessments for planned infrastructure). Further, EO is capable of assessing damage from industrial accidents. A wide range of EO technologies is used here, infrastrcture can be directly detected and mapped with optical and SAR sensors, where the resolution depends on the targeted assets. DEMs can be generated from SAR and stereographic optical data. Wind energy related parameters can be derived from satellites focused on atmosphere and weather monitoring. Further, there are various GI methods in use, too (in particular focused on spatial planning and impact assessment).